这篇文章的共同创作者是 Miguel Cunha, DPM. Miguel Cunha博士是美国纽约曼哈顿Gotham Footcare的创始人和足科医生。他是一位足踝外科医生,专门治疗各种足踝问题,包括轻微问题和复杂的重建手术。Cunha获得了天普大学足科医学院的足科医学博士学位,之后在华盛顿医院中心担任住院总医师,最后在乔治城大学完成了专科培训,专攻下肢创伤、糖尿病保肢体治疗和足踝重建手术。他是美国足科医学协会、纽约足科医学协会以及美国足踝外科医生协会的会员,并获得了足科医学委员会的资格认证。
本文引用了8条参考,详情参见页面底部。
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肌腱是连接肌肉和骨骼的组织,是它使身体动作成为了可能。而跟腱连接的是小腿肌肉和小腿跟骨。跟腱炎(或跟腱病变)是一种疾病,其症状表现为跟腱发炎,有疼痛感。这种疾病的常见病因是过度使用肌腱,尤其是在没有适当增强力量的情况下向肌腱施加了过大的压力,例如在周末参加竞技运动。[1] 大多数情况下,肌腱炎可以在家调养,但你仍然应该去看医生,了解适合自己伤情的详细治疗方法。
步骤
- 使用绑带或压缩绷带。用弹性绷带或压缩绷带包裹脚或小腿。压紧该部位有助于减轻肿胀,限制受伤肌腱的活动。[14]
- 将脚抬到高于胸部的位置,以减轻肿胀。将受伤的肌腱抬到高于心脏的位置也有助于减轻肿胀。如果你能找到一个舒适的抬脚姿势,可以考虑在睡觉时也把脚垫高。[15]
- 不要吸烟或使用其他烟草制品。吸烟会减少供血,降低组织修复速度,进而使恢复速度变慢。[16] 在养伤期间杜绝所有烟草产品能够缩短你的休养时间。
- 向医生咨询手术治疗。如果综合治疗和物理治疗方案在六个月或更长时间内无法缓解疼痛,医生可能会选择讨论手术治疗的可能。[24] 可做的手术包括:[25]
- 腓肠肌退缩术:这种手术会拉长小腿肌肉,以减轻跟腱的额外压力。
- 清创和修复:这种手术会移除跟腱的受损部分,通常只适用于损伤小于50%的肌腱。
- 肌腱转移清创:对于损伤超过50%的肌腱,将损伤部分切除,移植大脚趾的肌腱至跟腱部位,以保持肌腱力量,使之能够发挥正常功能。
广告
小提示
警告
- 本文就特定损伤提供信息,但不构成医疗建议。采取任何康复治疗前,一定要请医生对损伤进行诊断并咨询理疗师。
- 如果肌腱部位突然剧烈疼痛或受伤腿无法承受重量,请立即就医。如果你无法使受伤腿的脚尖朝下,也应该寻求帮助。两者都是肌腱断裂的体征,它们说明问题不仅仅是肌腱炎那么简单。
参考
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/definition/con-20024518
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/symptoms/con-20024518
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/symptoms/con-20024518
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/achilles-tendon-problems-home-treatment
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/achilles-tendon-problems-home-treatment
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20024518
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20024518
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/achilles-tendon-problems-home-treatment
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20024518
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20024518
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/achilles-tendon-problems-home-treatment
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/achilles-tendon-problems-home-treatment
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/orthotics-for-foot-problems-topic-overview
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/achilles-tendon-problems-home-treatment
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/stretches-for-achilles-tendon-problem
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/stretches-for-achilles-tendon-problem
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/stretches-for-achilles-tendon-problem
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/stretches-for-achilles-tendon-problem
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/stretches-for-achilles-tendon-problem
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/stretches-for-achilles-tendon-problem
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00147
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/achilles-tendinitis/basics/prevention/con-20024518
- ↑ http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/achilles-tendon-problems-home-treatment
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