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63rd United States Congress

The 63rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1913, to March 4, 1915, during the first two years of Woodrow Wilson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

63rd United States Congress
62nd ←
→ 64th
United States Capitol (1906)
March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915
Members96 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentThomas R. Marshall (D)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerChamp Clark (D)
Sessions
Special: March 4, 1913 – March 17, 1913
1st: April 7, 1913 – December 1, 1913
2nd: December 1, 1913 – October 24, 1914
3rd: December 7, 1914 – March 3, 1915

The Democrats had greatly increased their majority in the House, and won control of the Senate, giving them full control of Congress for the first time since the 53rd Congress in 1893. With Woodrow Wilson being sworn in as president on March 4, 1913, this gave the Democrats an overall federal government trifecta - also for the first time since the 53rd Congress.

Major events edit

Inauguration platform being constructed on the east steps of the U.S. Capitol, ten days before Woodrow Wilson's March 4, 1913, presidential inauguration.
Main articles: 1913 in the United States, 1914 in the United States, and 1915 in the United States

Major legislation edit

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 63rd United States Congress

Constitutional amendments edit

Party summary edit

Senate edit

Party
(shading shows control)		TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)		Bull
Moose
(Prog.)		Republican
(R)
End of previous congress45050951
Begin4914292 4
End 53 960
Final voting share 55.2% 1.0% 43.8%
Beginning of next congress56040960

House of Representatives edit

Party
(shading shows control)		TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)		Bull
Moose
(Prog.)		Independent
(I)		Republican
(R)		Other
End of previous congress225001561[a]38212
Begin2891011340434 1
End 282 11 130 42411
Final voting share 66.5% 2.6% 0.2% 30.7% 0.0%
Beginning of next congress230511942[b]4323

Leadership edit

Senate leadership edit

Senate president
Thomas R. Marshall (D)
Senate president pro tempore
James Paul Clarke (D)

Presiding edit

House leadership edit

House Speaker
Champ Clark (D)

Presiding edit

Majority (Democratic) leadership edit

Minority (Republican) leadership edit

Members edit

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate edit

Most senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. A few senators were elected directly by the residents of the state. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1914; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1916; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1918.

House of Representatives edit

House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% to 100% Democratic
  80+% to 100% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican

Changes in membership edit

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate edit

  • Replacements: 3
  • Deaths: 3
  • Resignations: 3
  • Vacancies: 3
  • Total seats with changes: 9
StateSenatorReason for vacancySuccessorDate of successor's installation
New Hampshire
(2)		VacantElected late.Henry F. Hollis (D)March 13, 1913
Illinois
(2)		VacantDue to US Sen.Lorimer scandal, general assembly refused to seat elected Senator at beginning of term. Compromise was later reached with Governor of Illinois to seat senator to replace Lorimer after another election was called.J. Hamilton Lewis (D)March 26, 1913
Illinois
(3)		VacantDue to US Sen.Lorimer scandal, general assembly refused to seat elected Senator at beginning of term. Compromise was later reached with Governor of Illinois to seat senator who supported Sen Lorimer.Lawrence Y. Sherman (R)March 26, 1913
West Virginia
(2)		VacantElected to seat at beginning of term but delayed installation to continue as judge of U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth CircuitNathan Goff Jr. (R)April 1, 1913
Alabama
(3)		Joseph F. Johnston (D)Died August 8, 1913. Successor was appointed to finish term.Francis S. White (D)May 11, 1914
Maryland
(1)		William P. Jackson (R)Successor was elected.Blair Lee (D)January 28, 1914
Georgia
(2)		Augustus O. Bacon (D)Died February 14, 1914. Successor was appointed.William S. West (D)March 2, 1914
Kentucky
(3)		William O. Bradley (R)Died May 23, 1914. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected.Johnson N. Camden Jr. (D)June 16, 1914
Georgia
(2)		William S. West (D)Successor was elected.Thomas W. Hardwick (D)November 4, 1914

House of Representatives edit

  • Replacements: 20
  • Deaths: 11
  • Resignations: 19
  • Contested elections: 2
  • Total seats with changes: 15
DistrictVacated byReason for vacancySuccessorDate of successor's installation
South Carolina 1stVacantRep. George S. Legaré died during previous congressRichard S. Whaley (D)April 29, 1913
Massachusetts 13thJohn W. Weeks (R)Resigned March 4, 1913, after being elected to the U.S. SenateJohn J. Mitchell (D)April 15, 1913
Texas 10thAlbert S. Burleson (D)Resigned March 6, 1913, after being appointed United States Postmaster GeneralJames P. Buchanan (D)April 15, 1913
New Jersey 6thLewis J. Martin (D)Died May 5, 1913Archibald C. Hart (D)July 22, 1913
Michigan 12thH. Olin Young (R)Resigned May 16, 1913, while election was being contestedWilliam J. MacDonald (Prog.)August 26, 1913
Maine 3rdForrest Goodwin (R)Died May 28, 1913John A. Peters (R)September 9, 1913
Maryland 3rdGeorge Konig (D)Died May 31, 1913Charles P. Coady (D)November 4, 1913
West Virginia 1stJohn W. Davis (D)Resigned August 29, 1913, after being appointed Solicitor General of the United StatesMatthew M. Neely (D)October 14, 1913
New York 13thTimothy Sullivan (D)Died August 31, 1913George W. Loft (D)November 4, 1913
New York 20thFrancis B. Harrison (D)Resigned September 1, 1913, after being appointed Governor-General of the PhilippinesJacob A. Cantor (D)November 4, 1913
Massachusetts 3rdWilliam Wilder (R)Died September 11, 1913Calvin Paige (R)November 4, 1913
Georgia 2ndSeaborn Roddenbery (D)Died September 25, 1913Frank Park (D)November 4, 1913
Iowa 2ndIrvin S. Pepper (D)Died December 22, 1913Henry Vollmer (D)February 10, 1914
Massachusetts 12thJames Michael Curley (D)Resigned February 4, 1914, after being elected Mayor of BostonJames A. Gallivan (D)April 7, 1914
New Jersey 7thRobert G. Bremner (D)Died February 5, 1914Dow H. Drukker (R)April 7, 1914
Alabama 8thWilliam N. Richardson (D)Died March 31, 1914Christopher C. Harris (D)May 11, 1914
Alabama 3rdHenry D. Clayton Jr. (D)Resigned May 25, 1914, after being appointed judge for U.S. District Court for Middle and Northern Districts of AlabamaWilliam O. Mulkey (D)June 29, 1914
Missouri 12thLeonidas C. Dyer (R)Lost contested election June 9, 1914Michael J. Gill (D)June 9, 1914
Illinois 4thJames T. McDermott (D)Resigned July 21, 1914Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Ohio 14thWilliam G. Sharp (D)Resigned July 23, 1914, after being appointed United States Ambassador to FranceSeat remained vacant until next Congress
Massachusetts 11thAndrew J. Peters (D)Resigned August 15, 1914, after being appointed Assistant Secretary of the TreasurySeat remained vacant until next Congress
Massachusetts 10thWilliam F. Murray (D)Resigned September 28, 1914, after being appointed Postmaster of BostonSeat remained vacant until next Congress
Maryland 1stJ. Harry Covington (D)Resigned September 30, 1914, after being appointed to serve as chief justice of the United States District Court for the District of ColumbiaJesse Price (D)November 3, 1914
New Jersey 9thWalter I. McCoy (D)Resigned October 3, 1914, after being appointed associate justice for the United States District Court for the District of ColumbiaRichard W. Parker (R)December 1, 1914
Georgia 10thThomas W. Hardwick (D)Resigned November 2, 1914, after being elected to the U.S. SenateCarl Vinson (D)November 3, 1914
New York 36thSereno E. Payne (R)Died December 10, 1914Seat remained vacant until next Congress
New York 31stEdwin A. Merritt (R)Died December 14, 1914Seat remained vacant until next Congress
New York 2ndDenis O'Leary (D)Resigned December 31, 1914Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Minnesota 2ndWinfield Scott Hammond (D)Resigned January 6, 1915, after being elected Governor of MinnesotaSeat remained vacant until next Congress
Ohio 5thTimothy T. Ansberry (D)Resigned January 9, 1915, after being appointed associate justice of the Ohio Court of AppealsSeat remained vacant until next Congress
Ohio 8thFrank B. Willis (R)Resigned January 9, 1915, after being elected Governor of OhioSeat remained vacant until next Congress
New Jersey 8thEugene F. Kinkead (D)Resigned February 4, 1915, after becoming sheriff of Hudson County, New JerseySeat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees edit

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate edit

House of Representatives edit

Joint committees edit

Caucuses edit

Employees edit

Legislative branch agency directors edit

Senate edit

House of Representatives edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Socialist
  2. ^ Socialist & Prohibition
  • Gould, Lewis L. (2005). The Most Exclusive Club. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books Group. ISBN 0-465-02778-4.
  • Remini, Robert V. (2006). The House. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-06-088434-7.
  • U.S. Congress (2005). "Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress". Archived from the original on 1 June 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
  • U.S. House of Representatives (2006). "Congressional History". Archived from the original on 1 June 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
  • U.S. Senate (2006). "Statistics and Lists". Archived from the original on 1 June 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2006.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 63rd Congress, 1st Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 63rd Congress, 2nd Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 63rd Congress, 2nd Session (1st Revision).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 63rd Congress, 2nd Session (2nd Revision).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 63rd Congress, 3rd Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 63rd Congress, 3rd Session (Revision).
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