ବିସ୍‌ମଥ

Bismuth, ₈₃Bi
ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	bismuth, Bi
Appearance	lustrous silver
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈbɪzməθ/ BIZ-məth
Bismuth in the periodic table
	lead ← bismuth → polonium
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	83
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 15 (pnictogens), p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 6
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	post-transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (±) (Ar)	208.98040(1)
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	544.7 K (271.5 °C, 520.7 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	1837 K (1564 °C, 2847 °F)
Density near r.t.	9.78 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	10.05 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	11.30 kJ/mol
Heat of	151 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.52 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	5, 4, 3, 2, 1 mildly acidic oxide
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.02
energies	; (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 156 pm
Covalent radius	148±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	207 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	rhombohedral
Speed of sound thin rod	1790 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	7.97 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	1.29 µ Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Young's modulus	32 GPa
Shear modulus	12 GPa
Bulk modulus	31 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.33
Mohs hardness	2.25
Brinell hardness	94.2 MPa
CAS Number	7440-69-9
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	Claude François Geoffroy (1753)
Most stable isotopes of bismuth
	view; talk; edit; \| references

ବିସ୍‌ମଥ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Bi ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୮୩ ।

ଧର୍ମ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଭୌତିକ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ରସାୟନିକ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଉପସ୍ଥିତି ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଗଠନ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଉତ୍ପାଦନ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ବ୍ୟବହାର ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଆହୁରି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

ଆଧାର ସମ୍ପାଦନା

↑ Cucka, P.; Barrett, C. S. (1962). "The crystal structure of Bi and of solid solutions of Pb, Sn, Sb and Te in Bi". Acta Crystallographica. 15 (9): 865. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62002297.

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Brown, R. D., Jr. "Annual Average Bismuth Price", USGS (1998).

Greenwood, N. N. and Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4
Krüger, Joachim; Winkler, Peter; Lüderitz, Eberhard; Lück, Manfred; Wolf, Hans Uwe. "Bismuth, Bismuth Alloys, and Bismuth Compounds", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2003, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. pp. 171–189 doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_171.
Suzuki, Hitomi (2001). Organobismuth Chemistry. Elsevier. pp. 1–20. ISBN 978-0-444-20528-5.
Wiberg, Egon; Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, Nils (2001). Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ ସମ୍ପାଦନା

Laboratory growth of large crystals of Bismuth by Jan Kihle Crystal Pulling Laboratories, Norway
Bismuth at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
Bismuth breaks half-life record for alpha decay
Bismuth Crystals – Instructions & Pictures Archived 2011-03-15 at the Wayback Machine.

[str-1] Cucka, P.; Barrett, C. S. (1962). "The crystal structure of Bi and of solid solutions of Pb, Sn, Sb and Te in Bi". Acta Crystallographica. 15 (9): 865. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62002297.

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