Западни фронт (Први светски рат)

Западни фронт
	Део Првог светског рата
	; Савезнички војници у рововима.
Време	3. август 1914 — 11. новембар 1918.
Место	Белгија, Француска
Исход	победа Антанте; пад Немачког царства; Версајски споразум
Сукобљене стране
Антанта:; Уједињено Краљевство; Француска; Краљевина Италија; Белгија; САД; Португалија; Руска Империја	Централне силе:; Немачко царство; Аустроугарска
Команданти и вође
до 26. марта 1918. није постојала јединствена команда, од 3. априла маршал Фердинанд Фош	Хелмут фон Молтке Млађи; Ерих фон Фалкенхајн; Паул фон Хинденбург; Ерих Лудендорф; Вилхелм Гренер
Жртве и губици
7.947.000 погинулих, рањених или заробљених	5.603.000 погинулих, рањених или заробљених

Западни фронт је представљао најзначајније бојиште током Првог светског рата. Фронт је отворила Немачка инвазијом на Луксембург и Белгију преко којих је планирала да успостави контролу над индустријски значајним регионима у Француској. Брзо напредовање немачких снага драматично се завршило битком на Марни у којој су савезничке снаге однеле победу. Након ове битке и савезничке и немачке трупе су се укопале формирајући линију фронта која се протезала од Северног мора до швајцарске границе. Значајнијих промена положаја није било све до краја рата.

Између 1915. и 1917. године било је неколико великих офанзива дуж фронта. Пешадијским нападима је претходила темељна артиљеријска припрема. Ипак пешадија није могла да постигне значајније успехе против добро укопаног непријатеља, митраљеских гнезда, бодљикаве жице.

Како би постигли војну предност над непријатељским снагама обе стране су у борби користиле нове технологије као што су авијација, бојни отрови и тенкови стално их усавршавајући током рата. Али ни употреба нових врста оружја није могла да доведе до одлучујућег успеха.

До краја рата немачка влада је увидела да су савезничке снаге супериорније због већег демографског и индустријског потенцијала па је исцрпљена Немачка била принуђена да 11. новембра 1918. потпише примирје.

Референце уреди

Литература уреди

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Спољашње везе уреди

Krause, Jonathan: Western Front , in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War.
The Western Front Museum
Articles on the Western Front in Lorraine & Alsace at Battlefields Europe
'That Contemptible Little Army' by E. Alexander Powell. The British Army Seen by an American Journalist in 1916
Watch clips from the Australian War Memorial's collection of films made on the Western Front 1917–1918 on the National Film and Sound Archive's australianscreen online

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