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Commonwealth of Nations

Commonwealth, uu sab des ke naam hae jon ki pahile British Empire me rahaa. Pahile iske naam British Commonwealth of Nations rahaa, jiske 1926 me suruu karaa gais rahaa. Abhi isme 53 member des hae jisme se Mozambique ke chhorr ke aur sab British Empire me pahile rahaa. Tiin member Europe ke hae, ek hae South America me, 18 Africa me, 8 Asia me aur 11 Oceania me . Ek suspended member, Fiji hae aur che pahile waala member hae jisme se chaar abhi nai hae.

Abhi ke member badlo

Ii table ke sab jaankari Commonwealth of Nations Secretariat members list se aais hae aur jaada abaadi ke ginti 2007 estimates hae, unless otherwise noted.[1]

CountryJoinedContinentPopulationNotes
Antigua and Barbuda1981-11-011 November 1981North America81,000
Australia1931-12-1111 December 1931Oceania20,555,300Statute of Westminster 1931, se ii Commonwealth ke pahila member me se ek rahaa.[2]
Bahamas1973-07-1010 July 1973North America323,000
Bangladesh1972-04-1818 April 1972[3]Asia148,384,000Pakistan se ajaadi 1971 me paais.[4]
Barbados1966-11-3030 November 1966North America279,000
Belize1981-09-2121 September 1981North America287,730
Botswana1966-09-3030 September 1966Africa1,765,000
Brunei1984-01-011 January 1984Asia374,000
Cameroon1995-11-1313 November 1995[5]Africa16,322,000
Canada1931-12-1111 December 1931North America32,654,500Statute of Westminster 1931, se ii Commonwealth ke pahila member me se ek rahaa.[6]
Cyprus1961-03-1313 March 1961[7]Europe / Asia818,200United Kingdom se ajaadi 18 August 1960 ke paais.
Dominica1978-11-033 November 1978North America79,000
Gambia1965-02-1818 February 1965Africa1,517,000
Ghana1957-03-066 March 1957Africa22,113,000
Grenada1974-02-077 February 1974North America103,000
Guyana1966-05-2626 May 1966South America751,000
India1947-08-1515 August 1947Asia1,100,000,000
Jamaica1962-08-066 August 1962North America2,651,000
Kenya1963-12-1212 December 1963Africa34,256,000
Kiribati1979-07-1212 July 1979Oceania99,000
Lesotho1966-10-044 October 1966Africa1,795,000
Malawi1964-07-066 July 1964Africa12,884,000
Malaysia1963-09-1616 September 1963Asia27,356,000Federation of Malaya ke 1957 me joinkaris; Malaysia ke naam se ii federation ke 1963 me form karaa gais rahaa Singapore (1965 me alag hoe gais), Sabah, aur Sarawak.[8]
Maldives1982-07-099 July 1982Asia329,000United Kingdom se ajaadi 26 July 1965 ke milaa.[9] Maldives was a special member from 9 July 1982 until 20 July 1985.[10]
Malta1964-09-2121 September 1964Europe402,668
Mauritius1968-03-1212 March 1968Africa1,245,000
Mozambique1995-11-1313 November 1995[11]Africa19,792,000
Namibia1990-03-2121 March 1990Africa2,031,000
Nauru1968-11-01†1 November 1968Oceania14,000Nauru ek special memberhae. Ii des 1 November 1968 se 1 May 1999 talak special member rahaa, iske baad ii puura member ban gais,[12] January 2006 me fir se special member ban gais.[13]
New Zealand1931-12-1111 December 1931Oceania4,147,972Statute of Westminster 1931, se ii Commonwealth ke pahila member me se ek rahaa.[14]
Nigeria1960-10-011 October 1960Africa132,796,0001995 me suspend karaa gais aur , 1999 me fir se join karis.[15]
Pakistan1947-08-1414 August 1947Asia158,352,0001972 me Commonwealth chhorr diis, 1989 me fir se join karis; 1999 me suspend karaa gais, 2004 me fir se join karis; 2007 me fir se suspended karaa gais,[16] 2008 me fir se join bhaes.[17]
Papua New Guinea1975-09-1616 September 1975Oceania5,887,000
Saint Kitts and Nevis1983-09-1919 September 1983North America43,000
Saint Lucia1979-02-2222 February 1979North America161,000
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines1979-10-2727 October 1979North America119,000Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Commonwealth of Nations ke ek special member rahaa from 27 October 1979 se 1 June 1985 talak.
Samoa1970-08-2828 August 1970Oceania185,000
Seychelles1976-06-2929 June 1976Africa81,000
Sierra Leone1961-04-2727 April 1961Africa5,525,000
Singapore1965-10-15†15 October 1965Asia4,326,000First joined as part of Malaysia on 16 September 1963.
Solomon Islands1978-07-077 July 1978Oceania478,000
South Africa1931-12-1111 December 1931Africa47,423,000Statute of Westminster 1931, se ii Commonwealth ke pahila member me se ek rahaa. Ii 31 May 1961 me Commonwealth chhorr diis lekin 1 June 1994 me fir se join kar liis.[18]
Sri Lanka1948-02-044 February 1948Asia20,743,000
Swaziland1968-09-066 September 1968Africa1,032,000
Tanzania1964-04-2626 April 1964Africa38,329,000Tanganyika aur Zanzibar ke jorre se.[19]
Tonga1970-06-044 June 1970Oceania102,000
Trinidad and Tobago1962-08-3131 August 1962North America1,305,000
Tuvalu1978-10-011 October 1978Oceania12,000Tuvalu, Commonwealth of Nations ke ek special member 1 October 1978 se 1 September 2000 talak rahaa.[20]
Uganda1962-10-099 October 1962Africa28,816,000
United Kingdom1931-12-1111 December 1931Europe60,209,500Statute of Westminster 1931, se ii Commonwealth ke pahila member me se ek rahaa.
Vanuatu1980-07-3030 July 1980Oceania211,000
Zambia1964-10-2424 October 1964Africa11,668,000

Suspended members badlo

CountryJoinedContinentPopulationNotes
Fiji1970-10-1010 October 1970Oceania848,0001987 me Commonwealth chhorr ke 1997 me fir join karis; 6 June 2000 ke iske fir suspend karaa gais;[21] 20 December 2001 ke fir se join karis;[22] 8 December 2006 me coup ke kaaran fir se suspend karaa gais.[23]

Pahile ke members badlo

CountryJoinedContinentLeftNotes
Irish Free State/Ireland1931-12-1111 December 1931Europe1949-04-18]]18 April 1949Commonwealth ke pahila member me se ek rahaa, Statute of Westminster 1931se. 1949 ke ii Commonwealth ke chhorr diis.[4][24]
Federation of Malaya1957-08-3131 August 1957Asia1963-09-1616 September 1963Entered into Malaysia on 16 September 1963.[4]
Dominion of Newfoundland1931-12-1111 December 1931North America1934-02-1616 February 1934Statute of Westminster 1931, se ii Commonwealth ke pahila member me se ek rahaa., Canada ke 31 March 1949 me join kar liis.[24]
Tanganyika1961-12-099 December 1961Africa1964-04-2626 April 1964Zanzibar se jurr ke Tanzania obanaa, 26 April 1964 ke.[19]
Zanzibar1963-12-1010 December 1963Africa1964-04-2626 April 1964Tanganyika se jurr ke Tanzania banaa, 26 April 1964 ke.[19]
Zimbabwe1980-10-011 October 1980Africa2003-12-077 December 200319 March 2002 ke iske suspend kar dewa gais.[22] 7 December 2003 ke ii Commonwealth se withdraw hoe gais.[25]

References badlo

  1. ↑ "Members". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  2. ↑ "Australia". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  3. ↑ Kohen, Marcelo G. (2006). Secession. London: Cambridge University Press. p. p. 122. ISBN 9780521849289.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Wind of Change". Commonwealth of Nations. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  5. ↑ Pondi, Jean-Emmanuel (October 1997). "Cameroon and the Commonwealth of Nations". The Round Table 86 (344): pp. 563–570. 10.1080/00358539708454389.
  6. ↑ "Canada - History". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  7. ↑ McIntyre, W. David (January 2000). "Britain and the creation of the Commonwealth Secretariat". Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 28 (1): pp. 135–158. 10.1080/03086530008583082.
  8. ↑ "Malaysia - History". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  9. ↑ "Maldives - History". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  10. ↑ "The Maldives and the Commonwealth". Republic of Maldives. Archived from the original on 3 December 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
  11. ↑ Ingram, Derek (April 1996). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table 85 (338): pp. 153–165. 10.1080/00358539608454302.
  12. ↑ "Nauru Accedes to Full Membership of the Commonwealth". Commonwealth Secretariat. 12 April 1999. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
  13. ↑ "Nauru–History". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  14. ↑ "New Zealand- History". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  15. ↑ "Nigeria". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  16. ↑ "Pakistan suspended from the Commonwealth". Commonwealth Secretariat. 2007-11-22. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  17. ↑ "Commonwealth lifts Pakistan suspension". Commonwealth Secretariat. 2008-05-12. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  18. ↑ "South Africa". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 "Tanzania - History". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  20. ↑ "Tuvalu Accedes to Full Membership of the Commonwealth". Commonwealth Secretariat. 14 August 2000. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
  21. ↑ Ingram, Derek (July 2000). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table 89 (355): pp. 311–55. doi:10.1080/00358530050083406.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Ingram, Derek (April 2002). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table 91 (364): pp. 131–59. doi:10.1080/00358530220144148.
  23. ↑ Ingram, Derek (February 2007). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table 96 (388): pp. 2–28. doi:10.1080/00358530701189734.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 "Dominion Status". Commonwealth of Nations. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
  25. ↑ "Editorial: CHOGM 2003, Abuja, Nigeria". The Round Table 93 (373): pp. 3–6. January 2004. doi:10.1080/0035853042000188139.
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