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Whitby (UK Parliament constituency)

This article is about the abolished British parliamentary constituency. For the Canadian riding of the same name, see Whitby (federal electoral district).

Whitby was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Whitby in North Yorkshire. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.

Whitby
Former Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Whitby in Yorkshire, 1885-1918
1832–1885
SeatsOne
Created fromYorkshire
Replaced byWhitby
1885–1918
SeatsOne
Type of constituencyCounty constituency
Created fromNorth Riding of Yorkshire and Whitby
Replaced byScarborough and Whitby and Thirsk and Malton

History

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The constituency was created by the Great Reform Act for the 1832 general election as a parliamentary borough, Whitby being at that point one of the most prosperous towns in England which had not previously been represented. (Whitby had been summoned to send members to the Protectorate Parliaments during the Civil War period, but never at any other time.) It consisted of Whitby itself and the adjoining townships of Ruswarp, Hawsker and Stainsacre, and had a population of just over 10,000.

Whitby's shipbuilding industry had been in decline even before the new borough was established, and by 1885 a separate MP for the town could no longer be justified. However, when the borough was abolished the county constituency which absorbed it was also named Whitby (strictly, the Whitby Division of the North Riding of Yorkshire): it contained all the easternmost part of the Riding apart from Scarborough (which remained a separate borough), stretching south-west to Pickering which was the only other town in the constituency.

The Whitby division was abolished for the 1918 general election, when it was partially replaced by the new Scarborough & Whitby constituency.

Members of Parliament

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ElectionMemberParty
1832Aaron ChapmanTory[1]
1834Conservative[1]
1847Robert StephensonConservative
1859 by-electionHarry ThompsonLiberal
1865Charles BagnallConservative
1868William Henry GladstoneLiberal
1880Arthur PeaseLiberal
1885Ernest BeckettConservative
1905 by-electionNoel BuxtonLiberal
1906Gervase BeckettConservative
1918constituency abolished: see Scarborough and Whitby

Election results

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Elections in the 1830s

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General election 1832: Whitby[2][1]
PartyCandidateVotes%
ToryAaron Chapman 217 61.0
WhigRichard Moorson[3]13939.0
Majority7822.0
Turnout35684.4
Registered electors422
Tory win (new seat)
General election 1835: Whitby[2][1]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeAaron ChapmanUnopposed
Registered electors432
Conservative hold
General election 1837: Whitby[2][1]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeAaron ChapmanUnopposed
Registered electors458
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1840s

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General election 1841: Whitby[2][1]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeAaron ChapmanUnopposed
Registered electors424
Conservative hold
General election 1847: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeRobert StephensonUnopposed
Registered electors403
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1850s

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General election 1852: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeRobert Stephenson 218 66.7 N/A
WhigEdmund Phipps[4]10933.3New
Majority10933.4N/A
Turnout32772.0N/A
Registered electors454
Conservative holdSwingN/A
General election 1857: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeRobert StephensonUnopposed
Registered electors532
Conservative hold
General election 1859: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeRobert StephensonUnopposed
Registered electors647
Conservative hold

Stephenson's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 23 November 1859: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalHarry Thompson 229 54.7 New
ConservativeThomas Chapman[5]19045.3N/A
Majority399.4N/A
Turnout41964.8N/A
Registered electors647
Liberal gain from ConservativeSwingN/A

Elections in the 1860s

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General election 1865: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeCharles Bagnall 305 52.0 N/A
LiberalHarry Thompson28248.0N/A
Majority234.0N/A
Turnout58783.5N/A
Registered electors703
Conservative holdSwingN/A
General election 1868: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalWilliam Henry Gladstone 894 63.3 +15.3
ConservativeSir William Cayley Worsley, 2nd Baronet51836.7−15.3
Majority37626.6N/A
Turnout1,41268.6−14.9
Registered electors2,058
Liberal gain from ConservativeSwing+15.3

Gladstone was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury, requiring a by-election.

By-election, 18 November 1869: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalWilliam Henry Gladstone 779 56.7 −6.6
ConservativeSir William Cayley Worsley, 2nd Baronet59643.3+6.6
Majority18313.4−13.2
Turnout1,37566.8−1.8
Registered electors2,058
Liberal holdSwing−6.6

Elections in the 1870s

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General election 1874: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalWilliam Henry Gladstone 873 53.7 −9.6
ConservativeCharles Bagnall75446.3+9.6
Majority1197.4−19.2
Turnout1,62778.6+10.0
Registered electors2,069
Liberal holdSwing−9.6

Elections in the 1880s

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Pease
General election 1880: Whitby[2]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalArthur Pease 1,072 60.5 +6.8
ConservativeRobert Mowbray[6]69939.5−6.8
Majority37321.0+13.6
Turnout1,77181.9+3.3
Registered electors2,163
Liberal holdSwing+6.8

At the 1885 election the constituency was redrawn to include Pickering and the hinterlands of Scarborough.

General election 1885: Whitby [7][8][9]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeErnest Beckett-Denison 5,049 51.7 +12.2
LiberalArthur Pease4,70948.3−12.2
Majority3403.4N/A
Turnout9,75886.0+4.1
Registered electors11,350
Conservative gain from LiberalSwing+12.2
General election 1886: Whitby [7][9]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeErnest Beckett 5,078 56.3 +4.6
LiberalJames Menzies Clayhills[10]3,94043.7−4.6
Majority1,13812.6+9.2
Turnout9,01879.5−6.5
Registered electors11,350
Conservative holdSwing+4.6

Elections in the 1890s

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General election 1892: Whitby [7][9]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeErnest Beckett 4,909 56.2 −0.1
LiberalH Frank Pyman3,82643.8+0.1
Majority1,08312.4−0.2
Turnout8,73580.8+1.3
Registered electors10,804
Conservative holdSwing−0.1
General election 1895: Whitby [7][11][9]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeErnest BeckettUnopposed
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1900s

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General election 1900: Whitby [7][11][12]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeErnest BeckettUnopposed
Conservative hold
Buxton
1905 Whitby by-election[12][7]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
LiberalNoel Buxton 4,547 52.6 New
ConservativeGervase Beckett4,10247.4N/A
Majority4455.2N/A
Turnout8,64979.7N/A
Registered electors10,857
Liberal gain from ConservativeSwingN/A
Beckett
General election 1906: Whitby [12][7]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeGervase Beckett 4,780 50.4 N/A
LiberalNoel Buxton4,70949.6N/A
Majority710.8N/A
Turnout9,48984.2N/A
Registered electors11,263
Conservative holdSwingN/A

Elections in the 1910s

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Jardine
General election January 1910: Whitby [12][13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeGervase Beckett 5,161 52.9 +2.5
LiberalJames Jardine4,60247.1−2.5
Majority5595.8+5.0
Turnout9,76387.2+3.0
Registered electors11,200
Conservative holdSwing+2.5
General election December 1910: Whitby [13][9]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
ConservativeGervase Beckett 4,960 52.4 −0.5
LiberalWalter Herbert Septimus Pyman4,50847.6+0.5
Majority4524.8−1.0
Turnout9,46884.5−2.7
Registered electors11,200
Conservative holdSwing−0.5

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. p. 172. Retrieved 23 December 2018 – via Internet Archive.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
  3. ^ The Tourist: A Literary and Anti-slavery Journal, Volume 1. London: John Crisp. 1833. p. 16. Retrieved 30 April 2020 – via Internet Archive.
  4. ^ "Whitby Election". Hull Packet. 9 July 1852. p. 8. Retrieved 22 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  5. ^ "To the Free and Electors of the Borough of Whitby". Whitby Gazette. 5 November 1859. p. 4. Retrieved 22 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  6. ^ "Whitby Borough Election". Whitby Gazette. 5 June 1880. p. 4. Retrieved 14 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g The Liberal Year Book, 1907
  8. ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886
  9. ^ a b c d e Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
  10. ^ "The General Election". Bristol Mercury. 8 July 1886. p. 8. Retrieved 14 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  11. ^ a b Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
  12. ^ a b c d British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
  13. ^ a b Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
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