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Queen of Italy (regina Italiae in Latin and regina d'Italia in Italian) is a title adopted by many spouses of the rulers of the Italian peninsula after the fall of the Roman Empire. The details of where and how the ruling kings ruled are in the article about them. The elective dignity of Roman Emperor was restricted to males only; therefore, there was never an Italian Queen regnant, though women such as Adelaide of Italy and Theophanu and Maria Theresa of Austria, who controlled the power of ruling, ruled as de facto Queens Regnant.
Queen consorts of Italy, under Odoacer
edit- Unknown
Ostrogothic Queen consorts of Italy
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audofleda of the Salian Franks | Childeric I, King of the Salian Franks (Merovingian) | 470 | 493 | 30 August 526 husband's death | ? | Theodoric | |||
| Mathesuentha of the Visigoths | Eutharic (Areal line) | 517 | 536 | 540 husband's death | after 550 | Witiges | |||
| Berthora of Rheims | Theudebert I, King of Rheims (Merovingian) | 535 | 549 | 1 July 552 husband's death | 555 | Totila | |||
| No names of Ostrogothic queens are mention during beyond this point. | |||||||||
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse | |
Lombardic Queen consorts of Italy
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlothsind of the Franks | Chlothar I, King of the Franks (Merovingian) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | Alboin | ||
 | Rosamund of the Gepids | Cunimund, King of the Gepids | ? | 567 | 28 June 572/573 husband's death | ? | |||
.jpg) | Theodelinda of Bavaria | Garibald I, Duke of Bavaria (Agilolfings) | ? | 15 May 589 | 5 September 590 husband's death | 22 January 627 | Authari | ||
| May 591 | 616 husband's death | Agilulf | |||||||
| Gundiberga of the Lombards | Authari | 591 | ? | 626 husband's accession, locked in monastery | 636 husband's death | ? | Arioald | ||
| after 636 | 652 husband's death | Rothari | |||||||
| Rodelinda | ? | ? | ? | ? | 688 husband's death | ? | Perctarit | ||
| Theodota of the Lombards | Aripert I | ? | after 662 | ? | ? | Grimoald I | |||
| No names of Lombardic queens are mentioned until 739. | |||||||||
| Guntrude | ? | ? | ? | 712 husband's ascension | 744 husband's disposition | ? | Liutprand | ||
| Tassia | ? | ? | ? | 744 husband's ascension | 749 husband's disposition | ? | Ratchis | ||
| Ansa | Verissimo | ? | ? | 744 husband's ascension | 5 June 774 husband's disposition | ? | Desiderius | ||
 | Hildegard | Gerold of Vinzgouw | 758 | 771 | 774 husband's coronation as Lombardic king | 30 April 783 | Charles I | ||
| Fastrada of Franconia | Raoul III de Franconie et d'Aéda de Bavière | 765 | 784 as Queen consort the Lombards | 10 October 794 | |||||
| Luitgard of Sundgau | Luitfrid II, Count of Sundgau | 776 | 794 as Queen consort the Lombards | 4 June 800 | |||||
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse | |
Queen consorts of Italy
editCarolingian dynasty, (774–887)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | Hildegard | Gerold of Vinzgouw (Agilolfings) | 758 | 771 | 5 June 774 husband's coronation as Lombardic king | 30 April 783 | Charles I | |
| Fastrada of Franconia | Raoul III of Franconia | 765 | 784 as Queen consort the Lombards | 10 October 794 | ||||
| Luitgard of Sundgau | Luitfrid II, Count of Sundgau (Etichonids) | 776 | 794 as Queen consort the Lombards | 4 June 800 | ||||
| Bertha of Gellone | William of Gellone, Count of Toulouse | ? | 795? | 781 as Queen consort of Italy | 8 July 810 husband's death | ? | Pepin | |
| Cunigunda of Laon | ? | ? | 813 | 17 April 818 husband's death | ? | Bernard I | ||
| Ermengarde of Tours | Hugh of Tours (Etichonids) | 804 | 15 October 821 as sole queen 15 June 844 as senior queen | 20 March 851 | Lothair I | |||
| Engelberga of Parma | Adelchis I, Count of Parma (Supponids) | 830 | 5 October 851 | 12 August 875 husband's death | 896/901 | Louis II | ||
 | Richilde of Provence | Bivin of Gorze, Count of the Ardennes (Bosonid) | 845 | 870 | 12 August 875 husband's ascension | 6 October 877 husband's death | 2 June 910 | Charles II |
.jpg) | Richardis of Swabia | Erchanger, Count of the Nordgau (Ahalolfinger) | 840 | 1 August 862 | 879 husband's ascension | 887 husband's death | 18 September, between 894 and 896 | Charles III |
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
After 887, Italy fell into instability, with many rulers claiming the Kingship simultaneously:
Unruoching dynasty, (887–924)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bertila of Spoleto | Suppo II of Spoleto (Supponids) | 860 | 880 | 26 December 887 husband's ascension | December 915 | Berengar I | ||
| Anna of Provence | Louis the Blind (Bosonids) | - | by December 915 | 7 April 924 husband's death | after May 930 | |||
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Widonid dynasty, (889–896)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ageltrude of Benevento | Adelchis, Prince of Benevento | ? | early 880s | 889 husband's coronation | 12 December 894 husband's death | 27 August 923 | Guy | |
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Carolingian Dynasty, (896–899)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ota of Neustria | Berengar I of Neustria (Conradines) | 874 | before the end of 888 | 22 February 896 husband's coronation | 8 December 899 husband's death | after 30 November 903 | Arnulf | |
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Bosonid dynasty, (900–905)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anna of Constantinople | Leo VI the Wise (Macedonian) | 888 | around 900 | 12 October 900 husband's coronation | 21 July 905 husband relinquished titles | 912 | Louis III | |
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Elder Welf dynasty, (922–926)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Bertha of Swabia | Burchard II, Duke of Swabia (Hunfridings) | 907 | 922 | 922 husband's coronation | 926 husband's deposition 933 husband relinquished titles | after 2 January 966 | Rudolph |
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Bosonid dynasty, (926–950)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alda (or Hilda) | A German | ? | after 924 | before 932 marriage annulled | ? | Hugh | ||
 | Marozia of Tusculum, Senatrix and Patricia of Rome | Theophylact I, Count of Tusculum (Tusculani) | 890 | 932 | December 932 933 husband fled, her imprisonment | 932/937 | ||
| | Bertha of Swabia | Burchard II, Duke of Swabia (Hunfridings) | 907 | 12 December 937 | 10 April 948 husband's death | after 2 January 966 | ||
 | Adelaide of Burgundy and Italy | Rudolf II of Burgundy and Italy (Elder Welf) | 931 | 12 December 947 | 10 April 948 husband's coronation | 22 November 950 husband's death | 16 December 999 | Lothair II |
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Anscarid dynasty, (950–963)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Willa of Tuscany | Boso, Margrave of Tuscany (Bosonids) | 910 | 930/931 | 15 December 950 husband's coronation | 953 husband's imprisonment | 963/after 966 | Berengar II | |
| Gerberga | Unknown or Lambert of Chalon | 945 | 960/62 | 963 husband's desposition | 11 December 986/991 | Adalbert | ||
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Ottonian dynasty, (951–1002)
editIn 951 Otto I of Germany invaded Italy and was crowned "King of the Lombards". In 952, Berengar and Adalbert became vassals, but remained Kings until being deposed by Otto.
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | Adelaide of Burgundy and Italy | Rudolf II of Burgundy and Italy (Elder Welf) | 931 | 951 | 7 May 973 husband's death | 16 December 999 | Otto I | |
 | Theophanu of Constantinople | 960 | 14 April 972 | 7 December 983 husband's death | 15 June 991 | Otto II | ||
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Anscarid dynasty, (1002–1014)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bertha | probably Otbert II, Margrave of Milan | ? | before 1000 | c. 1002 husband accession | c. 1014 husband gave up claim | ? | Arduin | |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
After the brief interruption by Arduin of Ivrea and after the restoration of the Holy Roman Emperor as the sole holder of the title King of Italy, the title became one of the many appanages of the Holy Roman Empress.
Ottonian dynasty, (1004–1024)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Cunigunde of Luxembourg | Siegfried, Count of Luxembourg (Luxembourg) | 975 | 1000 | 14 May 1004 husband's coronation | 13 July 1024 husband's death | 3 March 1033 | Henry II |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
Salian dynasty, (1026–1125)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Gisela of Swabia | Hermann II, Duke of Swabia (Conradines) | 11 November 995 | 1016 | 1026 husband's coronation as King of Italy | 4 June 1039 husband's death | 14 February 1043 | Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor |
 | Agnes de Poitou | William V, Duke of Aquitaine (Ramnulfids) | 1025 | 21 November 1043 | 5 October 1056 husband's death | 14 December 1077 | Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor | |
 | Bertha of Savoy | Otto, Count of Savoy (Savoy) | 21 September 1051 | 13 July 1066 | 25 June 1080 husband's coronation as King of Italy | 27 December 1087 | Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor | |
 | Eupraxia of Kiev | Vsevolod I, Grand Prince of Kiev (Rurikids) | 1071 | 14 August 1089 | 1093 stepson's coronation | 20 July 1109 | ||
.svg) | Constanze of Sicily | Roger I of Sicily (Hauteville) | 1077–1087 | 1095 | April 1098 husband's deposition | 1138 | Conrad II of Italy | |
 | Matilda of England | Henry I of England (Normandy) | 7 February 1101 | 7 January 1114 | 23 May 1125 husband's death | 10 September 1167 | Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor | |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Supplinburg, (1128–1137)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg) | Richenza of Northeim | Henry, Margrave of Frisia (Northeim) | 1087/89 | 1100 | 1128 husband's coronation as King of Italy | 4 December 1137 husband's death | 10 June 1141 | Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Hohenstaufen, (1154–1197)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy | Renaud III, Count of Burgundy (Ivrea) | 1148 | 9 June 1156 | 15 November 1184 | Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor | ||
 | Constance of Sicily | Roger II of Sicily (Hauteville) | 2 November 1154 | 27 January 1186 | 14 April 1191 husband's coronation as Emperor | 28 September 1197 husband's death | 27 November 1198 | Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Welf, (1208–1215)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Beatrice of Swabia | Philip of Swabia (Hohenstaufen) | April/June 1198 | 23 July 1212 | 11 August 1212 | Otto IV | ||
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Hohenstaufen, (1212–1250)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort ojbor;ph4p[l] ,f[3[3 pm[2 | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Constance of Aragon | Alfonso II of Aragón (Barcelona) | 1179 | 5 August 1209 | 9 December 1212 husband's coronation as Roman king 22 November 1220 husband's coronation as Emperor | 23 June 1222 | Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor | |
 | Isabella II of Jerusalem | John of Brienne, King of Jerusalem (Brienne) | 1212 | 9 November 1225 | 25 April 1228 | |||
 | Isabella of England | John of England (Plantagenet) | 1214 | 15/20 July 1235 | 1 December 1241 | |||
 | Bianca Lancia | A child of Manfred I Lancia (Aleramici-Lancia) | c. 1200 | c. 1244? Evidence for marriage is dubious | c. 1244 | |||
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Luxembourg, (1308–1313)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Margaret of Brabant | John I, Duke of Brabant (Leuven) | 4 October 1276 | 9 July 1292 | 27 November 1308 husband's became Roman king 6 January 1311 husband's coronation as King of Italy | 14 December 1311 | Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor | |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Wittelsbach, (1327–1347)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Margaret, Countess of Hainaut | William I, Count of Hainaut (Avesnes) | c. 1311 | 26 February 1324 | 23 October 1327 husband's coronation as King of Italy | 11 October 1347 husband's death | 23 June 1356 | Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Luxembourg, (1355–1437)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Anna of Świdnica | Henry II, Duke of Świdnica (Piast) | c. 1339 | 27 May 1353 | January 1355 husband's coronation as King of Italy | 11 July 1362 | Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor | |
 | Elizabeth of Pomerania | Bogislaw V, Duke of Pomerania (Pomerania-Wolgast) | c. 1347 | 21 May 1363 | 29 November 1378 husband's death | 14 February 1393 | ||
 | Barbara of Celje | Hermann II, Count of Celje (Celje) | 1390/1395 | 1408 | 21 July 1411 husband's election as Emperor 25 November 1431 husband's coronation as King 31 May 1433 husband's coronation as Emperor | 9 December 1437 husband's death | 11 July 1451 | Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor |
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Habsburg, (1437–1745)
edit| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Leonor of Portugal | Edward of Portugal (Aviz) | 18 September 1434 | 16 March 1452 | 19 March 1452 husband's coronation as Emperor | 3 September 1467 | Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor | |
 | Isabella of Portugal | Manuel I of Portugal (Aviz) | 23 October 1503 | 10 March 1526 | 24 February 1530 husband's coronation as Emperor | 1 May 1539 | Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | |
| Charles V was the last emperor to be crowned king of Italy or to officially use the title.[1] The Habsburg emperors claimed the Italian crown until 1801. The empire continued to include Italian territories until its dissolution in 1806. | ||||||||
| Picture | Name | House | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Bonaparte, (1805–1814)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Joséphine de Beauharnais | Joseph-Gaspard Tascher de la Pagerie (Tascher de la Pagerie) | 23 June 1763 | 9 March 1796 | 26 May 1805 husband's ascension | 10 January 1810 divorce | 29 May 1814 | Napoleon I |
 | Marie Louise of Austria | Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (Habsburg-Lorraine) | 12 December 1791 | 1 April 1810 | 6 April 1814 husband's abdication | 17 December 1847 | ||
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
House of Savoy, (1861–1946)
edit| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Margherita of Savoy-Genoa | Ferdinand, 1st Duke of Genoa (Savoy) | 20 November 1851 | 21 April 1868 | 9 January 1878 husband's accession | 29 July 1900 husband's death | 4 January 1926 | Umberto I |
 | Elena of Montenegro | Nicholas I of Montenegro (Petrović-Njegoš) | 8 January 1873 | 24 October 1896 | 29 July 1900 husband's accession | 9 May 1946 husband's abdication | 28 November 1952 | Victor Emmanuel III |
 | Marie-José of Belgium | Albert I of Belgium (Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) | 4 August 1906 | 8 January 1930 | 9 May 1946 husband's accession | 12 June 1946 monarchy abolished | 27 January 2001 | Umberto II |
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Consort | Ceased to be Consort | Death | Spouse |
See also
edit- List of Roman and Byzantine empresses
- List of queens of the Lombards
- Holy Roman Empresses
- List of German queens
- List of Burgundian consorts
- Queens of Jerusalem
- List of consorts of Naples
- List of Sardinian consorts
- List of Sicilian consorts
- List of royal consorts of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
- List of consorts of Savoy
- List of consorts of Milan
- List of consorts of Tuscany
- List of consorts of Montferrat
- List of consorts of Parma
- List of consorts of Urbino
- List of consorts of Modena
- List of consorts of Mantua
Notes
edit- ^ Lodovico Antonio Muratori, Giuseppe Oggeri Vincenti, Annali d'Italia, 1788, pp. 78–81.
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