Tansan

Ang tansan (Iningles: tin, Kinatsila: estaño, Tinagalog: tanso) mao ang elementong kemikal sa periodic table nga may simbolo nga Sn (Linatin: stannum) ug numerong atomiko nga 50. Ang daw-silver, maleyable nga puthaw nga dili dayon ma-oksidays sa hangin ug dili matayaan makit-an sa daghang aloy ug gigamit sa pag-koting (coating) sa ubang puthaw. Ang tansan naggikan sa mineral nga cassiterite, isip usa ka oksayd (oxide). Mahimong bronse kini kon ialoy sa kopre.

Tin
50Sn
Ge ↑ Sn ↓ Pb Periodic table indium ← tin → antimony
Panagway
silvery (left, beta) or gray (right, alpha)
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	tin, Sn, 50
Paglitok	/ˈtɪn/
Kategoriyang elemento	post-transition metal
Group, period, block	14, 5, p
Gibug-aton sa atomo	118.710
Kontorno sa elektron	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2 2, 8, 18, 18, 4
History
Pagkadiskobre	around 3500 BC
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	(white) 7.365 g·cm−3
Density (near r.t.)	(gray) 5.769 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	6.99 g·cm−3
Melting point	505.08 K, 231.93 °C, 449.47 °F
Boiling point	2875 K, 2602 °C, 4716 °F
Heat of fusion	(white) 7.03 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	(white) 296.1 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	(white) 27.112 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1497 1657 1855 2107 2438 2893
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 2, -4 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	1.96 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 708.6 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1411.8 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2943.0 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	140 pm
Covalent radius	139±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	217 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	tetragonal white
	diamond cubic gray
Magnetic ordering	(gray) diamagnetic[1], (white) paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(0 °C) 115 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	66.8 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 22.0 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(r.t.) (rolled) 2730 m·s−1
Young's modulus	50 GPa
Shear modulus	18 GPa
Bulk modulus	58 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.36
Mohs hardness	1.5
Brinell hardness	~350 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-31-5
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of tin
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 112Sn 0.97% 112Sn is stable with 62 neutrons 114Sn 0.66% 114Sn is stable with 64 neutrons 115Sn 0.34% 115Sn is stable with 65 neutrons 116Sn 14.54% 116Sn is stable with 66 neutrons 117Sn 7.68% 117Sn is stable with 67 neutrons 118Sn 24.22% 118Sn is stable with 68 neutrons 119Sn 8.59% 119Sn is stable with 69 neutrons 120Sn 32.58% 120Sn is stable with 70 neutrons 122Sn 4.63% 122Sn is stable with 72 neutrons 124Sn 5.79% >1×1017 y β−β− 2.2870 124Te 126Sn trace 2.3×105 y β− 0.380 126Sb
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