Tsohon Gari (Prague)

Tun daga farkonsa, kusan karni na 9, Staré Město an shimfiɗa shi daga ƙauyuka waɗanda suka bayyana daga babban kasuwa a bankin Vltava. Bayanai tun daga shekara ta 1100 miladiyya sun nuna cewa duk ranar Asabar ana gudanar da kasuwa a kasuwa, kuma a can ma ana gudanar da manyan tarukan sojoji. Godiya ga kasuwanci, 'yan kasuwa na yankin sun zama masu arziki, kuma lokacin da Sarki Wenceslaus na Bohemia ya ba su gata na gari, an kafa Garin Prague (Město pražské). A cewar tarihi na da, birnin yana da kusan kofofi 13, da wani katon tuma, wanda ke ba da kariya mai karfi.

A shekara ta 1338, John na Luxembourg, Sarkin Bohemia, ya ba wa 'yan majalisar Tsohon Gari na Prague izini, su sayi wani katafaren gida na patrician daga dangin Volfin od Kamene (Jamus: Wolfin von Stein) kuma su sake gina shi cikin zauren garinsu. – da har yanzu hall na tsohon Gari.^[1][2] A tsakiyar karni na 14 mahimmancin Tsohon garin Prague ya karu da sauri. Garin ya samu ci gaba sakamakon bunkasuwar kasuwanci da sana'a kuma ya zama daya daga cikin manyan biranen tsakiyar Turai. Haskaka da shahararta har yanzu sun ƙara ƙaruwa lokacin da Sarkin Bohemian Charles na IV ya zama Sarkin Roma a shekara ta 1355. Ba zato ba tsammani hankalin dukan ƙasashen Turai na daɗaɗɗen ya koma Prague, wurin zama na shugaban Daular Roma Mai Tsarki. Babban zauren garin ya kasance da wani katafaren hasumiyar dutse mai murabba'i, alama ce ta iko da girman kai na majalisar garin na farko a Masarautu da Daular. A cikin 1364 lokacin da aka kammala hasumiyar ita ce mafi girma a cikin birni.^[2]

Bayan da Charles IV ya faɗaɗa birnin a cikin karni na 14 tare da kafa Sabon Garin Prague, an wargaza tumatur da bango.

A cikin 1348, Charles IV ya kafa Jami'ar Prague. Tun daga ƙarshen karni na 14th babban wurin zama yana cikin Carolinum wanda ke cikin Old Town na Prague. A cikin 1357, Charles IV ya fara gina sabuwar gada a kan kogin Vltava mai haɗa Tsohuwar Gari tare da Ƙananan Garin Prague. A cikin 1391, an gina Haikalin Baitalami a cikin Tsohon Gari don wa'azi a Czech. Majami'ar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin Bohemian Reformation and Hussite motsi. A cikin 1402-1413 mai gyara coci Jan Hus ya yi wa'azi a can.^[1]

A shekara ta 1689, wata babbar wuta (wanda ake kira gobarar Faransa) ta lalata wani babban ɓangare na Tsohon Garin, ciki har da Garin Yahudawa. A cikin 1784, an haɗa garuruwa huɗu na Prague zuwa Babban Babban Birnin Prague tare da gudanarwa na gama gari.

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  Coat na makamai na Tsohon Gari na Prague a Hall na Tsohon Gari
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  kunkuntar tituna
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  Gidaje a cikin Tsohon Gari
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  Abin tunawa Jan Hus a kan Dandalin Tsohon Gari
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  Kasuwar kwai a ƙarshen karni na 19