Usuaria:Rosymonterrey/List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire

• Son of Kaya Alp Oğlu Süleyman Şah and Haimā (Hayme) Ana;
• Reigned until his death.^[5]​
• Father of Osman Ghazi and the elected leader of the Kayı clan of the Oghuz tribe.

• Son of Ertuğrul Ghazi and Khālīma Khānūm;
• Elected by the Beys and Ghazis of the Kayı tribe as chief in succession to his father Ertuğrul Ghazi, and invested as Prince (Amir) by Âlâ ād-Dīn Kayqubad III, Sultan of The Anatolian Seljuq Sultanate of Rûm.
• Became an independent sovereign on the collapse of the Sultanate of Iconium on July 27, 1299.

• Son of Ertuğrul Ghazi and Khālîma Khānum;
• On 27 July 1299, declared his independence from the Anatolian Seljuk Empire.
• Reigned until his death.^[5]​

• Son of Osman I and Malhūn (Māl) Khātûn;
• Reigned until his death.^[8]​

• Son of Orhan and Nilūfer Khātûn;
• Reigned until his death;
• Killed on the battlefield at the Battle of Kosovo on June 15, 1389.^[9]​

• Son of Murad I and Gül-Çiçek Khātûn;
• Captured on the battlefield at the Battle of Ankara (de facto end of reign);
• Died in captivity in Akşehir on 8 March 1403.^[10]​

• Son of Bayezid I and Devlet Khātûn;
• Reigned until his death.^[11]​

• Son of Mehmed I and Âminā (Emine) Khātûn;^[12]​
• Abdicated of his own free will in favour of his son Mehmed II.^[13]​

• Son of Murad II and Hadice Âlime Hūmâ Khātûn;^[14]​
• Surrendered the throne to his father after having asked him to return to power.^[13]​

• Second reign;
• Forced to return to the throne following a Janissary insurgence;^[15]​
• Reigned until his death.^[12]​

• Second reign;
• Conquered Constantinople in 1453;
• Reigned until his death.^[16]​

• Son of Mehmed II and Mükrîme (Sitt-î Mū’kārîmā) Khātûn;
• Abdicated;
• Died near Didymoteicho on 26 May 1512.^[17]​

• Son of Bayezid II and Kül-Bahār Khātûn;
• Reigned until his death.^[18]​

or KANÛNÎ (The Lawgiver)
HALİFE (Caliph of Islam)

• Son of Selim I and A’ishā Hafīzā (Ayşe Hafsa) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[19]​

• Son of Suleiman I and Hürrem Sultan (Khūrrām or Kārimā);
• Reigned until his death.^[20]​

• Son of Selim II and Afîfe Nûr-Bānû Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[21]​

• Son of Murad III and Sâfiyā Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death;^[22]​

• Son of Mehmed III and Handan Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[23]​

• Son of Mehmed III and Fûlâne Valide Sultan;
• Deposed due to his non-syndromic mental retardation in favour of his young nephew Osman II.^[24]​

• Son of Ahmed I and Mâh-Firûze Hadice (Khadija) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed in a Janissary riot on 19 May 1622;
• Murdered on 20 May 1622 by the Grand Vizier Kara Davud Paşa (Black Da'ud Pasha) from compression of his testicles.^[25]​

• Second reign;
• Returned to the throne after the assassination of his nephew Osman II;
• Deposed due to his syndromic mental retardation and confined until his death in Istanbul on 20 January 1639.^[24]​

• Son of Ahmed I and Mâh-Peyker Kösem Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[26]​

• Son of Ahmed I and Mâh-Peyker Kösem Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed on 8 August 1648 in a coup led by the Sheikh ul-Islam;
• Strangled in Istanbul on 18 August 1648^[27]​ at the behest of the Grand Vizier Mevlevî Mehmed Paşa (Sofu Mehmed Pasha).

• Son of Ibrahim and Turhan Hadice (Khadija) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed on 8 November 1687 following the Ottoman defeat at the Second Battle of Mohács;
• Died in Edirne on 6 January 1693.^[28]​

• Son of Ibrahim and Sâliha Dil-Âşûb (Dilâshûb) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[29]​

• Son of Ibrahim and Hatice (Khadija) Mû’azzez İkinci Haseki Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[30]​

• Son of Mehmed IV and Mâh-Pârā Ummetullah (Emetullah) Râbi’a Gül-Nûsh (Gül-Nûş) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed on 22 August 1703 by reason of the Janissary uprising known as the Edirne Event;
• Died in Istanbul on 8 January 1704.^[31]​

• Son of Mehmed IV and Mâh-Pârā Ummetullah (Emetullah) Râbi’a Gül-Nûsh (Gül-Nûş) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed in consequence of the Janissary rebellion led by Patrona Halil;
• Died on 1 July 1736.^[32]​

• Son of Mustafa II and Sâliha Sebkat-î Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[33]​

• Son of Mustafa II and Şâh-Süvar (Shah-Sûvar) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Reigned until his death.^[34]​

• Son of Ahmed III and Âminā Mehr-î-Shâh (Emine Mihr-î-Şâh) İkinci Kadın Efendi;
• Reigned until his death.^[35]​

• Son of Ahmed III and Râbi’a Sharm-î (Şerm-î) Kadın Efendi;
• Reigned until his death.^[36]​

• Son of Mustafa III and Mehr-î-Shâh (Mihr-î-Şâh) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed as a result of the Janissary revolt led by Kabakçı Mustafa against his reforms;
• Assassinated in Istanbul on 28 July 1808^[38]​ at the behest of Ottoman Sultan Mustafa IV.

• Son of Abdülhamid I and Bash Iqbal Nushatzaza (Nüzhet-Zâdāh / Nükhet-Sedâ) Khānūm Effendi;
• Deposed in an insurrection led by Alemdar Mustafa Pasha;
• Executed in Istanbul on 17 November 1808^[39]​ by order of Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II.

• Son of Abdülhamid I and Naksh-î-Dil (Nakş-î-Dil) Haseki Vâlidā Sultân (adoptive mother of Mahmud II);
• Disbanded the Janissaries in consequence of the Auspicious Event in 1826;
• Reigned until his death.^[40]​

• Son of Mahmud II and Bezm-î-Âlem Vâlidā Sultân;
• Proclaimed the Hatt-ı Sharif (Imperial Edict) of Gülhane (Tanzimât Fermânı) that launched the Tanzimat period of reforms and reorganization on 3 November 1839 at the behest of reformist Grand Vizier Great Mustafa Rashid Pasha;
• Accepted the Islâhat Hatt-ı Hümayun (Imperial Reform Edict) (Islâhat Fermânı) on 18 February 1856;
• Reigned until his death.^[41]​

• Son of Mahmud II and Pertav-Nihâl (Pertevniyâl) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed by his ministers;
• Found dead (suicide or murder) five days later.^[42]​

• Son of Abdülmecid I and Shāvk-Efzâ (Şevk-Efzâ) Vâlidā Sultân;
• Deposed due to his efforts to implement democratic reforms in the empire;
• Ordered to reside in Çırağan Palace where he died on 29 August 1904.^[43]​

(The Sublime Khan)
HALİFE (Caliph of Islam)

• Son of Abdülmecid I and Tîr-î-Müjgan Üçüncü Kadın Efendi; and later the adoptive son of Rahime Perestû (Piristû) Vâlidā Sultân (adoptive mother of Abdul Hamid II).
• Reluctantly allowed the First Constitutional Era on 23 November 1876 and then suspended it and reverted to personal rule on 13 February 1878;
• Forced to restore the Second Constitutional Era on 3 July 1908;
• Deposed after the 31 March Incident (on 13 April 1909);
• Confined to Beylerbeyi Palace where he died on 10 February 1918.^[44]​

(The True Path Follower)
HALİFE (Caliph of Islam)

• Son of Abdülmecid I and Gül-Cemâl Dördüncü Kadın Efendi;
• Reigned as a figurehead of Mehmed Talât, İsmail Enver, and Ahmed Cemal (Djemal) Pashas until his death.^[45]​

(The Unifier of Religion (Islam)orThe Oneness of Islam)
HALİFE (Caliph of Islam)

• Son of Abdülmecid I and Gül-İstü (Gülistan Münire) Dördüncü Kadın Efendi;
• Sultanate abolished;
• Left Istanbul on 17 November 1922;
• Died in exile in Sanremo, Italy on 16 May 1926.^[46]​

• Son of Abdülaziz I and Hayrân-î-Dil Kadın Efendi;^[48]​
• Elected caliph by the TBMM;
• Exiled after the abolition of the caliphate;^[49]​
• Died in Paris, France on 23 August 1944.^[50]​