Groups containing oxygen edit
Compounds that contain C-O bonds each possess differing reactivity based upon the location and hybridization of the C-O bond, owing to the electron-withdrawing effect of sp² hybridized oxygen and the donating effects of sp³ hybridized oxygen.
| Chemical class | Group | Formula | Structural Formula | Prefix | Suffix | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ether | Ether | ROR' | .png){kind=small} | alkoxy- | alkyl alkyl ether |  Diethyl ether (Ethoxyethane) |
| Alcohol | Hydroxyl | ROH | -skeletal.png) | hydroxy- | -ol |  Methanol |
| Peroxide | Peroxy | ROOR |  | peroxy- | alkyl peroxide |  Di-tert-butyl peroxide |
| Hydroperoxide | Hydroperoxy | ROOH |  | hydroperoxy- | alkyl hydroperoxide |  Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide |
| Ketone | Carbonyl | RCOR' |  | keto-, oxo- | -one |  Methyl ethyl ketone (Butanone) |
| Aldehyde | Aldehyde | RCHO |  | aldo- | -al |  Acetaldehyde (Ethanal) |
| Acyl halide | Haloformyl | RCOX |  | haloformyl- | -oyl halide |  Acetyl chloride (Ethanoyl chloride) |
| Ester | Ester | RCOOR' |  | alkyl alkanoate |  Ethyl butyrate (Ethyl butanoate) | |
| Carboxylic acid | Carboxyl | RCOOH |  | carboxy- | -ic acid |  Acetic acid (Ethanoic acid) |
| Carboxylate | Carboxylate | RCOO− | 
| carboxy- | -oate |  Sodium acetate (Sodium ethanoate) |
| Carbonate | Carbonate ester | ROCOOR |  | alkyl carbonate |
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