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Twin films

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Twin films are films with the same or similar plots produced and released at the same time by two different film studios.[1] The phenomenon can result from two or more production companies investing in similar scripts at the same time, resulting in a race to distribute the films to audiences.[2][3] Some attribute twin films to industrial espionage, the movement of staff between studios, or that the same screenplays are sent to several film studios before being accepted. Another possible explanation is if the films deal with topical issues, such as volcanic eruptions, reality television, terrorist attacks, or significant anniversaries, resulting in multiple discovery of the concept.[3]

While twin films are often big budget films, a mockbuster can be made with a low budget, with similar titles, aesthetics, or theme as blockbuster films.[4] Mockbusters are usually given more limited release and marketing, intending to take advantage of the public interest in the topic driven by the major film.

Avoiding twin films

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Screenwriter Terry Rossio notes that there are always film projects with similar subjects being developed in multiple studios, and that usually only one of them makes it into production in a given period of time, and therefore twin films are better regarded as exceptions to this tendency.[5] For example, the release of the 2015 Whitey Bulger biopic Black Mass led to the abandonment of a planned film about Bulger that would have been produced by Ben Affleck and Matt Damon.[6]

The 2008 film Who Do You Love?, about American record label Chess Records, had its widespread release delayed until 2010 to avoid competing with Cadillac Records, a higher-budget 2008 film on the same subject.[7]

In one case, for the 1974 film The Towering Inferno, the fear of having competing action thrillers, both set in a burning skyscraper, convinced two Hollywood studios to merge their productions into one (all-star) film.[8]

Notable examples

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Notable examples of twin films are included in this list:[9][10][11][12]

First filmRelease dateSecond filmRelease dateSimilarities
Ivanhoe1913Ivanhoe1913Based on Ivanhoe (1819).
The Three Musketeers1921Les Trois Mousquetaires1921Based on The Three Musketeers (1844).
The Spanish Dancer1923Rosita1923Based on the play Don César de Bazan (1844) and the opera Don César de Bazan (1872).
Dishonored1931Mata Hari1931Both films are about female spies. M-G-M studios, alarmed by the competition that the Sternberg-Dietrich phenomena posed to star Greta Garbo, responded with the copycat Mata Hari the same year.[13]
Topaze1933Topaze1933Both are adaptations of the play by Marcel Pagnol released a month apart.
Little Man, What Now?1933Little Man, What Now?1934Both are adaptations of the novel by Hans Fallada.
The Rise of Catherine the Great1934The Scarlet Empress1934Both are about Catherine the Great.
Crime and Punishment1935Crime and Punishment1935Both are about Crime and Punishment.
The Emperor's Candlesticks1936The Emperor's Candlesticks1937Both are adaptations of The Emperor's Candlesticks (1899) by Baroness Orczy.
Jezebel1938Gone with the Wind1939William Wyler's Jezebel (1938) was reportedly created for Bette Davis when she failed to win the highly coveted role of Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939). Both films were about feisty, independent Southern belles during the American Civil War.
Young Mr. Lincoln1939Abe Lincoln in Illinois1940Both are about Abraham Lincoln.[14][15]
Journey into Fear1943Background to Danger1943An American becomes the target of Nazi spies in neutral Turkey. Based on novels by Eric Ambler.
Rhapsody Rabbit1946The Cat Concerto1947Both cartoons center around a piano rendition of "Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2", and both feature a mouse pestering the pianist. See also Rhapsody Rabbit § Plagiarism dispute.
Volcano1950Stromboli1950Both are films about a woman who is forced to move to a volcanic island in Italy, where she is ostracized by the locals. Volcano was widely viewed as star Anna Magnani's revenge at not having been cast in Stromboli, as she had been promised by director Roberto Rossellini; this dispute was covered in the 2012 documentary The War of the Volcanoes.
Manina, the Girl in the Bikini1952Woman of the Red Sea1953Brigitte Bardot and Sophia Loren in their first main roles as girls in bathing suits in films about deep sea diving.
The Daughter of the Regiment1953Daughter of the Regiment1953Based on La fille du régiment (1840) by Gaetano Donizetti
Sign of the Pagan1954Attila1954Both films about Attila and his invasion of the Western Roman Empire; a contemporary review in The New York Times writes, "Attila the Hun, quite ignored by moviemakers up to now, is about to step into the limelight in two new films."[16]
Touchez pas au grisbi1954Rififi1955Both are films about aging gangsters in Paris. After a successful heist they have to fight against a rival gang.
The Plot to Assassinate Hitler1955Jackboot Mutiny1955Both are about the 20 July plot of 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler.
Anastasia1956The Story of Anastasia1956Both follow the life of Anna Anderson, a woman who claimed to have been the presumed dead Anastasia, the youngest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, who was the last sovereign of Imperial Russia.
The Fly1958The Wasp Woman1959Both films are about a human being transforming into a giant insect (a fly and a wasp).
Tarzan's Greatest Adventure1959Tarzan, the Ape Man1959Both movies are about Tarzan and an adventure that he has.
Oscar Wilde1960The Trials of Oscar Wilde1960Both are about the Irish playwright Oscar Wilde.
Portrait of a Mobster1961Mad Dog Coll1961Films about Dutch Schultz and Mad Dog Coll.
Mutiny on the Bounty1962H.M.S. Defiant1962Films about mutinies on British ships in the late 18th century.
Cleopatra1963A Queen for Caesar1962Films about Cleopatra.
Captain Clegg1962The Scarecrow of Romney Marsh1963Both films were based on Doctor Syn (1915) by Russell Thorndike.
Dr. Strangelove1964Fail Safe1964Both deal with the concept of accidental nuclear war, although Dr. Strangelove is satire, while Fail Safe is a drama.
Harlow1965Harlow1965Both were based on the life story of Jean Harlow.
Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines1965The Great Race1965Both are slapstick films about a race in the early 1900s, inspired by the success of It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963).[17][18][19] The films were released two weeks apart.[20]
The Quiller Memorandum1966Funeral in Berlin1966Both are spy films set in contemporary Berlin.
You're a Big Boy Now1966The Graduate1967Also Benjamin (1968). All are coming-of-age comedy-drama films about a young man being pursued by an older woman.[21]
Three Resurrected Drunkards1968Head1968Both films feature a boy band that tackle the common anti-war and counter-culture themes of the time whilst utilizing a time-loop and dream-like narrative.
Yours, Mine and Ours1968With Six You Get Eggroll1968Both movies deal with widowed parents marrying and combining both of their families.
Fellini Satyricon1969Satyricon1969Both films were based on Petronius's work, Satyricon.
Venus in Furs1969Venus in Furs1969Both films were based on Venus in Furs (1870) by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch.
Don't Grieve1969Mon oncle Benjamin1969Both films were based on Mon oncle Benjamin [fr] (1842) by Claude Tillier.
The Thirteen Chairs1969The Twelve Chairs1970Also The Twelve Chairs (1971). All are based on the Russian 1928 novel The Twelve Chairs by Ilf and Petrov.
Leo the Last1970The Landlord1970Both deal with issues of class and race and feature an upper-class man who moves into a lower-class black neighborhood and gets involved with the residents.[22]
The Strawberry Statement1970Getting Straight1970Also The Revolutionary and R. P. M. (1970). All are dramas about campus revolt.[23]
Bloody Mama1970The Grissom Gang1971Both based on the life story of Ma Barker.[24]
Goya, a Story of Solitude1971Goya or the Hard Way to Enlightenment1971Biographical films about Francisco Goya.
Sweet Sweetback's Baadasssss Song1971Shaft1971Both are frequently credited as the earliest examples of the blaxploitation genre.
Ludwig1973Ludwig: Requiem for a Virgin King1972Both concern Ludwig II of Bavaria.
Godspell1973Jesus Christ Superstar1973Both adaptations of 1971 Broadway musicals based on the life of Jesus Christ.[25][26]
A Doll's House1973A Doll's House1973Also Nora Helmer [de] (1974). Adaptations of Henrik Ibsen's play A Doll's House (1879).
The Gambler1974California Split1974Both portray Jewish protagonists addicted to gambling on a downward spiral.
Executive Action1973The Parallax View1974Paranoid thrillers about political assassinations.
Eskimo Nell1975The True Story of Eskimo Nell1975Based on The Ballad of Eskimo Nell.
Rollerball1975Death Race 20001975Both are dystopian science fiction action films involving dangerous and, sometimes, fatal sports.
Cannonball1976The Gumball Rally1976Also The Cannonball Run (1981). All three are about the same illegal cross-country race.
Victory at Entebbe1976Raid on Entebbe1977Also Operation Thunderbolt (1977). All are based on the real-life Operation Entebbe, in which Israeli hostages from a hijacked airplane were freed on July 4, 1976.
Fellini's Casanova1976Casanova & Co.1977Two films about Giacomo Casanova.
Brink's: The Great Robbery1976The Brink's Job1978Both films are based on the Brink's robbery of 1950 in Boston, where almost 3 million dollars was stolen.
The Last Remake of Beau Geste1977March or Die1977Two films about the French Foreign Legion.
Valentino1977The World's Greatest Lover1977Two films based on the Hollywood career of Rudolph Valentino.
Corvette Summer1978Stingray1978Both are action comedies about a Chevrolet Corvette.
The Warriors1979The Wanderers1979Both are about gang wars between New York teenage street gangs of various ethnicities.
Nosferatu the Vampyre1979Dracula1979Also Love at First Bite (1979). All are based on Bram Stoker's novel Dracula.
Concorde Affaire '791979The Concorde... Airport '791979Both are disaster films that involve the Concorde plane.
The Amityville Horror1979The Shining1980Both are supernatural horror films about a family moving into a building where a previous family of tenants has been murdered, in which the father gets possessed by the previous murderer, ultimately attacking his family with an axe.
Border Cop1979Borderline1980Also The Border (1982); all involve border patrol or immigration enforcement agents who have dangerous encounters with criminals.
Sphinx1981Raiders of the Lost Ark1981Adventure films about archaeologists in Egypt. John Rhys-Davies and Vic Tablian have roles in both films.
The Last Chase1981Firebird 2015 AD1981Both films which take place in a future where the American government has banned private automobiles.
Roar1981Savage Harvest1981Both films feature American families being attacked by lions in Africa.
The Howling1981Wolfen1981Also An American Werewolf in London (1981); all either involve werewolves or supernatural wolf-like creatures.
Porky's1981The Last American Virgin1982Also Screwballs and Losin' It (both 1983); all are sex comedies depicting a group of young male friends trying to lose their respective virginities or perform another sexually related mission.
The Killing of Angel Street1981Heatwave1982Both were loosely based on the disappearance of Australian anti-development activist Juanita Nielsen.[27][28]
Reds1981Red Bells1982Also Red Bells II (1983). Films about journalist John Reed (1887–1920).
Some Kind of Hero1982First Blood1982Also Ruckus (1980). Films feature a Vietnam veteran who returns home who then has trouble adjusting to civilian life.
The Pirate Movie1982The Pirates of Penzance1983Both are adaptations of the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta The Pirates of Penzance.
Carmen1983Carmen1984Also First Name: Carmen (1983). All are inspired by Georges Bizet's opera Carmen.
Octopussy1983Never Say Never Again1983Both films feature slightly older-than-usual versions of the fictional super-spy, James Bond, as played by actors who had played him in multiple past Bond films (Roger Moore and Sean Connery respectively).
Wild Style1983Beat Street1984Both are well-received old-school hip hop films, focusing on all four pillars of hip hop culture.[29][30] See also 1983 documentary, Style Wars, focusing on graffiti and to a lesser extent breakdancing; 1984 film Breakin' focused largely on breakdancing; 1985's Krush Groove, a fictionalized retelling of the founding of Def Jam, focused more on and rap music. Many overlapping performers appear in the films, such as the Rock Steady Crew in Wild Style, Style Wars, and Beat Street.
The Day After1983Threads1984Also Testament (1983) and One Night Stand (1984); all are about the run-up and aftermath of a nuclear attack.
Country1984The River1984Also Places in the Heart (1984); all are about the difficulties faced by family farms.
Dreamscape1984A Nightmare On Elm Street1984Both are about people entering the dreams of others and being able to kill them in real life by killing them in their dreams.
Gremlins1984Ghoulies1985Also Critters (1986). All involve small destructive, evil creatures.
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom1984King Solomon's Mines1985Also Allan Quatermain and the Lost City of Gold (1986), the sequel to the latter. All three are action adventure films where an archaeologist-type figure goes on a quest for a mystical place or item, encountering natives along the way.
Rambo: First Blood Part II1985Commando1985Also Missing in Action (1984). All are one-man army action films.
The Return of the Living Dead1985Day of the Dead1985Both are zombie movies, released almost simultaneously, and arising from the collaboration between John Russo and George A. Romero on Night of the Living Dead.
Explorers1985Flight of the Navigator1986Both are films about a child who builds and flies a spacecraft.
Weird Science1985Real Genius1985Also My Science Project (1985). All feature teens dabbling in mad science and winding up in over their heads.
Back to the Future1985Peggy Sue Got Married1986Both feature protagonists who go back in time and meet high school versions of their family members, played by the same actors.
Fright Night1985Vamp1986Also The Lost Boys and Near Dark (1987); all are vampire films involving teenage characters.
Into the Night1985After Hours1985Also Something Wild (1986); all are comedies about men whose encounter with a mysterious woman leads them to trouble.
Top Gun1986Iron Eagle1986Both are films about fighter pilots.
GoBots: Battle of the Rock Lords1986The Transformers: The Movie1986Both are animated feature films derived from TV cartoons based on toy lines about transforming robots.
The Vindicator1986RoboCop1987Both are about an innocent man who is left mutilated and near-dead by villains, is reconstructed into a cyborg by a special-weapons company, and seeks revenge on the people responsible for his fate.
Platoon1986Full Metal Jacket1987Also Hamburger Hill (1987) and 84C MoPic (1989). All are bleak, violent and unglamorized depictions of the Vietnam War.[31]
Gothic1986Haunted Summer1988Also Rowing with the Wind (1988). All are set in 1816 when Lord Byron, Mary Shelley, Percy Shelley and John William Polidori spend a summer in the isolated Villa Diodati by Lake Geneva.
Link1986Monkey Shines1988Both are horror films with primates as the antagonist.
The Secret of My Succe$s1987Working Girl1988Both are about people starting new lower-level jobs in New York City, pretending to be executives, coming up with great ideas regarding takeovers, and getting the girl/guy that was "out of their league".
Like Father, Like Son1987Big1988Also Vice Versa, 18 Again!, 14 Going on 30 (1988) and Dream a Little Dream (1989); all portray boys who transform into, or who switch bodies with, adult men.
Buster1988Prisoner of Rio1988The fate of British train robbers from 1963.
Dangerous Liaisons1988Valmont1989Both are adaptations of the novel Les Liaisons Dangereuses.
K-91989Turner & Hooch1989Both are buddy cop-dog films about a police officer who gets a dog for a partner.
DeepStar Six1989Leviathan1989Also The Abyss, The Evil Below, Lords of the Deep (1989) and The Rift (1990); all are underwater thrillers involving explorers discovering strange new (and in most of the movies hostile) creatures in the ocean.
Goldeneye: The Secret Life of Ian Fleming1989Spymaker: The Secret Life of Ian Fleming1990Both are biopics of James Bond creator Ian Fleming.
The Forbidden Dance1990Lambada1990Both are films that center around the dance the Lambada.
Manta, Manta1991Manta – Der Film [de]1991Both are based on Manta jokes.
Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves1991Robin Hood1991Both are based on the legend of Robin Hood.
The Super1991Life Stinks1991Both are about ruthless upper-class white men who are forced to live in an urban slum.
Mobsters1991Bugsy1991Both crime films are about Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel, Charles "Lucky" Luciano, Meyer Lansky, Frank Costello. Luciano also appears in Billy Bathgate (1991).
December Bride1991The Playboys1992Both films tell of a young Irish woman in a small rural community who decides to have a child out of wedlock.
The Hard Way1991Into the Sun1992Both films are about a movie star going through dangerous adventures while gathering material for a role.
1492: Conquest of Paradise1992Christopher Columbus: The Discovery1992Both are about Christopher Columbus and his discovery of the Americas in 1492. Also Carry on Columbus
Fear of a Black Hat1993CB41993Both parody hip hop, with a particular focus on rap group N.W.A; Fear of a Black Hat is a mockumentary.[29] Both films feature actors Deezer D, Lance Crouther, and LaVerne Anderson; Kimberly Hardin cast both pictures.
Mad Dog and Glory1993Indecent Proposal1993Also Honeymoon in Vegas (1992). Both films involve a man buying a woman who is not a prostitute for a short period of time and a large amount of money.
Carnosaur1993Jurassic Park1993Both are action adventure films involving the genetic recreation of dinosaurs or prehistoric animals. Both are also based on books.
Groundhog Day199312:011993Both are about an individual stuck in a 24 hour time loop where the protagonist wakes every morning on the same day and experiences the events of that day over and over until they discover how to break the cycle.
Hard Target1993Surviving the Game1994Both are modern-day action-adventure thrillers that are heavily inspired by The Most Dangerous Game.
Tombstone1993Wyatt Earp1994Both are Wyatt Earp biopics.
Rookie of the Year1993Little Big League1994Both are films in which a 12-year-old boy becomes involved in Major League Baseball.
Undercover Blues1993True Lies1994Action comedies about secret agents and their family life.
Kalifornia1993Natural Born Killers1994Also 1993 mini-series Murder in the Heartland. All are road movies about a couple engaging in multi-state killing sprees and all directly or loosely based on real murderer Charles Starkweather. Both films have Juliette Lewis as a main character.
Three of Hearts1993Threesome1994Both films involve a love triangle between a heterosexual, a homosexual and a bisexual. Each film also stars one of the Baldwin brothers and a series-regular actress from the television show Twin Peaks.
The Elsa Santos Castillo Story: The Chop Chop Lady1994Elsa Castillo Story ... Ang Katotohanan1994Both films purport to tell the true story of the 1989 Elsa S. Castillo murder case in the Philippines
Terminal Velocity1994Drop Zone1994Also Freefall (1994). All are action films that involve skydiving.
Time Chasers1994Timecop1994Both are science fiction films with the themes of time traveling that involved the protagonist trying to prevent the course of time being altered for the antagonists' personal gain.
The Air Up There1994The Scout1994Both films are about a desperate American scout who thinks he found an extraordinary talent in an unlikely foreign locale, but bringing the player to stardom has unthought-of difficulties and the scout learns life lessons from the player he is supposed to be developing.
Camp Nowhere1994Heavyweights1995Both films take place at summer camp and include a preteen protagonist who is initially reluctant to go. (Both films were also released by Disney's Buena Vista Pictures.)
The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert1994To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar1995Both have the plot of drag queens going on a road trip across their country (in one case Australia, in the other, the United States), in a journey of self-discovery. Both has eight word title.
Street Fighter1994Mortal Kombat1995Also Double Dragon (1994). All are martial arts action adventure films based on one-to-one fighting video game franchises.
Braveheart1995Rob Roy1995Also The Bruce (1996); all are adventure/war biopics set in Scotland.[10]
Gordy1994Babe1995Both are family films starring piglets.[10]
The Flor Contemplacion Story1995Bagong Bayani1995Both are films depicting the trial and execution of Flor Contemplacion, an Overseas Filipino Worker in Singapore
A Kid in King Arthur's Court1995Kids of the Round Table1995Both involve a modern American boy who encounters characters from Arthurian legend, leading the boy to experience adventure and an increase in self-confidence.
Showgirls1995Striptease1996Also Stripteaser (1996). All three are erotic drama films featuring a lead character involved in the stripper profession.[32]
GoldenEye1995Mission: Impossible1996Both are spy films based on long running franchises and feature plots wherein the protaganist's close friend fakes his death and is revealed to be a traitor.
Powder1995Phenomenon1996Both tell the story of a man with telepathic powers that make him an outcast in a small town. (Both films were also released by Disney's Buena Vista Pictures.)
The Craft1996Little Witches1996Both are films about young teenage outcasts becoming witches.
Emma1996Emma1996Also Clueless (1995). All are based on the Jane Austen novel Emma, however Clueless takes place in modern-day Beverly Hills.
Independence Day1996Mars Attacks!1996Both are alien invasion films released the same year. However, one is a comedy while the other is an action thriller.
Twister1996Tornado!1996Both chronicle the lives of storm chasers in their line of work.
Executive Decision1996Air Force One1997Both are films about terrorists hijacking a plane and a rescue team saving the passengers and defeating the terrorists. Con Air (1997) also has a similar concept, though involving convicts.
The Arrival1996Contact1997Both are science fiction thriller films in which the main character is a radio astronomer that takes part in a conspiracy involving making first contact with an alien race.
Dante's Peak1997Volcano1997Also Volcano: Fire on the Mountain (1997). All three are disaster films centered around volcanic eruptions.[9][10]
The Jackal1997The Assignment1997Both are action thrillers dealing with assassins called Jackal; The Assignment's is based on Venezuelan terrorist operative Carlos the Jackal.
Kundun1997Seven Years in Tibet1997Both are fact-based dramas set in mid-20th century Tibet, with the 14th Dalai Lama as a main character.[10]
Murder at 16001997Absolute Power1997Both films center around a Washington, D.C. murder investigation involving the President/at the White House.[33][34]
The House of Yes1997The Myth of Fingerprints1997Also The Ice Storm. All three films center around dysfunctional families gathering for Thanksgiving.
Prefontaine1997Without Limits1998Both are biographical sports films about distance runner Steve Prefontaine.
Jack Frost1997Jack Frost1998Both films have the same title and each is about a man killed in a vehicle crash who is subsequently reanimated as a living snowman. They differ in that the 1997 movie is a slasher film, while the 1998 film is family-friendly.
Antz1998A Bug's Life1998Both are computer-animated films about insects, starring a non-conformist ant who falls in love with an ant princess, leaves the mound, and eventually returns and is hailed as a hero.[10]
Deep Impact1998Armageddon1998Also Doomsday Rock (1997), Asteroid (1997), Judgment Day (1998), and Tycus (1998). All are global catastrophic risk disaster films centered around an impending impact event that threatens to end most or all life on Earth.[9][10]
Saving Private Ryan1998The Thin Red Line1998Also Life Is Beautiful (1997). All are dramas about, or involving, World War II.[10]
Sliding Doors1998Run Lola Run1998Both films tell the same story of a woman multiple times, changing a minor detail at the beginning and depicting how that change drastically affects the outcome.[35]
Dead Man on Campus1998The Curve1998Both films involve college students attempting to utilize pass by catastrophe.
541998Last Days of Disco1998Both films are set again the backdrop of the waning disco era of the late 1970s.[36]
The Truman Show1998EDtv1999Also Pleasantville (1998). All are films in which a person or a large group of people's lives are broadcast on TV.[10]
Tale of the Mummy1998The Mummy1999Also Bram Stoker's Legend of the Mummy (1997). All three are about mummies coming back to life and killing people.
Dark City1998The Matrix1999Also The Thirteenth Floor and eXistenZ (1999);[10] all are science fiction films involving the theme of whether the world is real or an illusion. All except for Dark City involve virtual reality in a computer system.
Paulie1998The Real Macaw1998Both are children's adventure films featuring a parrot.
Anywhere But Here1999Tumbleweeds1999Both films concern a mother-daughter pair who drive across the country to settle in California.[37]
Entrapment1999The Thomas Crown Affair1999Both are caper films focused on the relationship between an attractive female insurance investigator and a male thief who steals an expensive painting by a famous artist.[10] (Coincidentally, the male lead in both films is also played by an actor who has portrayed James Bond.)
The Sixth Sense1999Stir of Echoes1999Both are supernatural horror films with a man and his relatives, experiencing a series of frightening visions and having the ability to interact with ghosts.
End of Days1999Stigmata1999Also Lost Souls (2000); all are supernatural religious horror films involving the Catholic Church. Both End of Days and Stigmata star Gabriel Byrne as a main character. Both End of Days and Lost Souls involve the theme of Satan taking possession of a man's body.[10]
The Haunting1999House on Haunted Hill1999Also The House That Screamed (2000). All are horror films in which people are trapped in a haunted house. Both The Haunting and House on Haunted Hill are based on media from 1959. The two also have strangers lured into the house under false pretenses.
10 Things I Hate About You1999Hamlet2000Also O (2001). All are modern-day adaptations of William Shakespeare plays, featuring Julia Stiles as the female lead.[38]
Bicentennial Man1999A.I. Artificial Intelligence2001Both are science fiction films dealing with the theme of humanoid robots seeking to experience emotion and be human. Both are also adapted from works of prominent sci-fi authors; Isaac Asimov and Brian Aldiss respectively.
Padre Pio: Miracle Man2000Padre Pio: Between Heaven and Earth2000Both films are about Padre Pio.
The Road to El Dorado2000The Emperor's New Groove2000Both are animated buddy comedy films set in what is now Latin America.
Scary Movie2000Shriek If You Know What I Did Last Friday the Thirteenth2000Both are horror movie spoofs featuring a killer wearing a Ghostface mask; Scary Movie additionally had the working title Scream If You Know What I Did Last Halloween.[10]
Mission to Mars2000Red Planet2000Also Blood Red Planet (2000) and Ghosts of Mars (2001). All are science fiction adventure films about expeditions to Mars.[39][10] However, Ghosts of Mars is a horror film.
Wonder Boys2000Finding Forrester2000Both are films involving a writer and his friendship with a student.[10]
The Score2001Heist2001Both are crime thriller films involving a major robbery.[10]
Autumn In New York2000Sweet November2001Both films center on free-spirited young women who are diagnosed with terminal illnesses set against the fall backdrop.
Joe Dirt2001Run Ronnie Run!2002Both are crude humor stories about lovable-ish rednecks. There are jokes that are nearly identical in each movie. However, Run Ronnie Run! is based on a Mr. Show with Bob and David character that first appeared in 1995.
Stealing Harvard2002Orange County2002Both are comedy films about someone resorting to drastic measures in order to obtain acceptance to, or tuition for, a prestigious college.
Liberty Stands Still2002Phone Booth2002Both movies revolve around people who answer a ringing phone in a public place and are held hostage there by a sniper who has an agenda.
The Legend of Bhagat Singh200223rd March 1931: Shaheed2002Both movies are about Bhagat Singh, a revolutionary who fought for Indian independence
Freddy vs. Jason2003Alien vs. Predator2004Both feature horror icons from the 1980s fighting against each other, while humans end up in the crossfire.
Biker Boyz2003Torque2004Both are action films about motorcycle gangs and street racing.
Finding Nemo2003Shark Tale2004Both are computer-animated films set underwater.
Beautiful Boxer2003Ong-Bak: Muay Thai Warrior2003Both are Thai films centering on Muay Thai
Chasing Liberty2004First Daughter2004Both are romantic comedy films about the rebellious daughter of the President of the United States.[11]
The Cave2005The Descent2005Also The Cavern (2005). All three are horror films in which people encounter deadly creatures in a cave system.
Red Eye2005Flightplan2005Both are thriller films set on airplanes.[10]
War of the Worlds2005H. G. Wells' The War of the Worlds2005Also War of the Worlds (2005). All three are adaptations of H. G. Wells' The War of the Worlds.
Sky High2005Zoom2006Both are about kids training to become superheroes.
Madagascar2005The Wild2006Both are computer-animated films involving similar animal characters from New York's Central Park Zoo being introduced to the wild. See The Wild#Comparisons to Madagascar.
Capote2005Infamous2006Both are drama films about Truman Capote and the writing of In Cold Blood.[9][10] The confluence of the two films led to an incident in 2003 when Infamous writer-director Douglas McGrath called producer Bingham Ray to announce that his script had been finished, and Ray responded "I know, I've got it on my desk!" before realizing that he actually had the screenplay to Capote.[9]
The Dark2005Silent Hill2006Both are horror films where a woman enters a strange otherworld in search of her missing daughter. Both also star Sean Bean in a small role, have similar style final scenes, and have been adapted from other media.
Asylum2005Notes on a Scandal2006Both are British dramas about women of similar age who have an illicit affair at a public institution (respectively a mental asylum and a school) while being observed and manipulated by an older person. Both films were adapted from novels by screenwriter Patrick Marber, who has himself commented on the similarity between them.
Beowulf & Grendel2005Beowulf2007Also Grendel (2007). All three are fantasy adventure films based on the Old English epic poem Beowulf.
The Zodiac2005Zodiac2007Also Curse of the Zodiac (2007);[40] All are films based on the story of the Zodiac Killer.
Zzyzx2006Zyzzyx Road2006Both are thrillers about people trying to hide a dead body on Zzyzx Road in California.[41]
United 932006Flight 932006Both are dramas about United Airlines Flight 93.[10]
The Prestige2006The Illusionist2006Both are films about 19th-century magicians.[10]
Over The Hedge2006Open Season2006Both are computer-animated films about wild animals who are at war with humans.
Happy Feet2006Surf's Up2007Both are computer-animated comedy films about penguins.[42][32]
The Zombie Diaries2006Diary of the Dead2007Both are found footage horror films surrounding an outbreak of zombies, along with similar titles.
An American Crime2007The Girl Next Door2007Both are based on the torture and murder of Sylvia Likens.
Knocked Up2007Juno2007Also Waitress (2007). All feature a young female protagonist facing an unexpected pregnancy.
27 Dresses2008Made of Honor2008Both are romantic comedies centering on weddings and loyal friends taking part as bridesmaids.
Journey to the Center of the Earth2008Journey to the Center of the Earth2008Both are loose adaptations of Jules Verne's novel of the same name.
Coco Chanel2008Coco Before Chanel2009Also Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky (2009). All are related to French fashion designer Coco Chanel.
Eagle Eye2008Echelon Conspiracy2009Both center around a government AI supercomputer that is tasked with protecting the US through ubiquitous surveillance and endless access to nearly all technology, which becomes too autonomous and powerful.[43]
Beast Stalker2008Connected2008Both are crime dramas containing the theme of kidnapping involving a single mother, her child and a police officer - both also star Nick Cheung.
Repo! The Genetic Opera2008Repo Men2010Set in a dystopian future, both films are about one or more corporate-employed "repo men" who fatally repossess artificial organs when patients default on their payments.[44]
Observe and Report2009Paul Blart: Mall Cop2009Both are comedy films about an overweight mall cop.[2]
Gamer2009Surrogates2009Also Sleep Dealer (2008) and Avatar (2009); all are science fiction films in which people control physical remotely-operated bodies.[2][45][46]
Avatar2009District 92009Both films portray aliens abused by humans, the protagonist changing sides, turning against the military-minded antagonist and eventually becoming an alien.
Knowing200920122009Both are science fiction disaster films about the end of the world.
The Road2009The Book of Eli2010Also Hell (2011). All three films are set in a post-apocalyptic world, where the main characters try to survive by travelling.
Armored2009Takers2010Both are stylized, action-crime robbery thrillers. Matt Dillon stars in both films.
The A-Team2010The Losers2010Both are fast-paced action films about dishonored military operatives seeking redemption and revenge after being betrayed on a secret mission. In addition, both are based on pre-existing series from other mediums (one is based on a television show and the other a comic book).
Kick-Ass2010Super2010Both feature characters who possess no super abilities/powers who embark on vigilante justice under the disguise of homemade costumes and alter egos. Each confronts the difficulties of fighting evil while lacking special abilities, and both are joined, later in their stories, by characters who share similar vigilante motivations.
Despicable Me2010Megamind2010Also Wreck-It Ralph (2012). All three are computer-animated films featuring a stereotypical villain as the protagonist.[47]
Ip Man 22010The Legend Is Born: Ip Man2010Both are Hong Kong films depicting the life of Ip Man. Sammo Hung stars in both films.
Skyline2010Battle: Los Angeles2011Both are alien invasion movies that primarily take place in Los Angeles. Sony Pictures, the studio of Battle, initiated legal action against the directors and special effects gurus of Skyline for allegedly ripping off ideas and equipment for their similar film. Sony later dismissed their arbitration, stating they were satisfied their own special effects were not used in Skyline.[48]
Centurion2010The Eagle2011Both are historical action films about the disappearance of the Roman Empire's Ninth Legion.
The Bounty Hunter2010One for the Money2012Both are films about a bounty hunter and going after a former love interest.[citation needed]
No Strings Attached2011Friends with Benefits2011Both are romantic comedies about a pair of friends who have a casual, non-romantic sexual relationship and eventually fall in love. No Strings Attached had the working title Friends with Benefits, but had to be renamed due to a conflict with the other film.[49]
Yann Samuell's War of the Buttons2011Christophe Barratier's War of the Buttons2011Both are French film adaptations of the 1912 novel War of the Buttons, released a week apart from one another, though the first was set in the Algerian War while the second was set in World War II.[50]
The Raid2011Dredd2012Both films deal with a law enforcement officer infiltrating a tall residential building in pursuit of a crime lord, wherein the crime lord attempts to turn the residents against the officer.[51]
Extraterrestrial2011Seeking a Friend for the End of the World2012Also 4:44 Last Day on Earth (2011) and Melancholia (2011). All are apocalyptic science fiction films.[52][53]
Quartet2012A Late Quartet2012Both are about the members of a classical music quartet facing old age.[54]
The Girl2012Hitchcock2012Both are Alfred Hitchcock biopics.
Mirror Mirror2012Snow White and the Huntsman2012Both are loose adaptations of the fairy tale Snow White. Also the Spanish 2012 film Blancanieves adapts Snow White, using black-and-white silent cinematography like the 2012 French film The Artist.[55]
Zero Dark Thirty2012Seal Team Six: The Raid on Osama Bin Laden2012Both films are about the assassination of Osama bin Laden.
Upside Down2012Patema Inverted2013Both are a romance between characters of twin worlds, each with gravity opposite to the other.[56]
The Other Son2012Like Father, Like Son2013Both films revolve around two young men who were switched at birth and raised by families from contrasting socioeconomic strata.[57]
Witchslayer Gretl2012Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters2013Also Hansel & Gretel: Warriors of Witchcraft (2013). All three are dark fantasy films portraying Hansel and Gretel in a edgier light.
A Hijacking2012Captain Phillips2013Both are about a pirate attack on a cargo ship off the coast of Somalia.[58]
Ip Man: The Final Fight2013The Grandmaster2013Both are Hong Kong produced martial arts drama films about the life of Ip Man, produced outside the Ip Man film series.
Olympus Has Fallen2013White House Down2013Both are action films about terrorist attacks on the White House.[59]
Oblivion2013After Earth2013Both films include a protagonist who must fight for survival on a post-apocalyptic Earth.[60]
This Is the End2013The World's End2013Also Rapture-Palooza (2013); all are apocalyptic comedy films.[61] Both This Is the End and Rapture-Palooza star Craig Robinson as a main character.
The Double2013Enemy2013Both are about a man who finds his physical doppelgänger in a seemingly totalitarian state.[62]
The Machine2013Automata2014Also Her (2013), Ex Machina (2014), Transcendence (2014), Chappie (2015), and Uncanny (2015).[2] All are science fiction films involving robots and/or artificial intelligence.
The Starving Games2013The Hungover Games2014Both are parody films that are mainly spoofs of The Hunger Games, along with other popular movies and TV shows of the time.
Yves Saint Laurent2014Saint Laurent2014Both are Yves Saint Laurent biopics.[59]
Hercules2014The Legend of Hercules2014Also Hercules Reborn (2014).[2] All are about Hercules.
The Equalizer2014John Wick2014Both films involve a highly trained protagonist who seeks vengeance through killing.[63]
Life After Beth2014Burying the Ex2014Also Warm Bodies (2013). All three are romantic comedies involving zombies.[64]
This Is Where I Leave You2014August: Osage County2014Both movies involve dysfunctional families reuniting after the death of the patriarch.
Unfriended2014Friend Request2016Both are horror films with plots centered around social media.
Labyrinth of Lies2014The People vs. Fritz Bauer2015Also Die Akte General [de] (2016). All are films depicting the effort which led to the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials by a group of prosecutors headed by Fritz Bauer.
Moonwalkers2015Operation Avalanche2016Both are films based on Moon landing conspiracy theories.[65]
The Beauty Inside2015Every Day2018Both are a romance between a woman and a spirit who wakes up every day in a different body.[66][67]
Marguerite2015Florence Foster Jenkins2016Both films are based on Florence Foster Jenkins' life.[68]
The Martian2015Approaching the Unknown2016Also Forsaken (2018). Both are about a man who is stranded in space on a mission to Mars and has to figure out a way to survive.[69]
Spectre2015Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation2015Both films feature the protagonists chasing after secret criminal organisations through Austria, Morocco and London while their intelligence agencies are shutting down.[70][71] Paramount had to advance the release date of Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation to avoid conflicting with Spectre.[72]
Coming Through the Rye2015Rebel in the Rye2017Both are films about J. D. Salinger.[73]
Other People2016The Hollars2016Both are about a male writer living in New York City who returns to his hometown for his mother dying of cancer.[74][75]
Southside with You2016Barry2016Both are films about a young Barack Obama, as well as a love interest.
Christine2016Kate Plays Christine2016Both are films about Christine Chubbuck, though Kate Plays Christine is a documentary about the acting process.[76]
Captain Fantastic2016The Glass Castle2017Both are about a large family who lives secluded from the civilized world and deal with its moral ramifications.[77]
Anthropoid2016The Man with the Iron Heart2017Both films are about Operation Anthropoid, the assassination of SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich.[78]
Storks2016The Boss Baby2017Both films are animated and focus on fictional worlds where babies come from.
The Jungle Book2016Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle2018Both are live-action, CGI-heavy adaptations of Rudyard Kipling's The Jungle Book, though the 2016 film is a remake of the 1967 animated musical film.[79]
Earthquake2016Spitak2018Both films are about the 1988 Armenian earthquake.
Churchill2017Darkest Hour2017Both are films about Winston Churchill. Also, the TV film Churchill's Secret (2016) is about Winston Churchill.
Dunkirk2017Darkest Hour2017Both films prominently feature the planning of the evacuation of Dunkirk.
The Age of Pioneers2017Salyut 72017Both Russian films are based on facts and feature Soviet cosmonauts.
Goodbye Christopher Robin2017Christopher Robin2018The former is a biopic of author A. A. Milne, focusing on his relationship with his son Christopher Robin, whose childhood inspired the world of Milne's Winnie-the-Pooh. The latter is a fantasy drama about the adult life of the Pooh character Christopher Robin in a continuation of the Disney films based on Milne's books.
Crowhurst2017The Mercy2018Both films are about Donald Crowhurst's ill-fated entry in the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race, a non-stop round-the-world sailing competition. Uniquely, these films not only have an identical subject, but were also distributed by the same studio, namely StudioCanal: according to the head of StudioCanal UK, Danny Perkins, the company bought the low-budget production Crowhurst "so we could control it".[80]
The Miseducation of Cameron Post2018Boy Erased2018The protagonists of both films are gay teenagers forced by their families to undergo conversion therapy.[81]
U – July 22201822 July2018Both are dramas based on the 2011 Utøya, Norway massacre.
Sink or Swim2018Swimming with Men2018Both are about a man who is facing a midlife crisis and joins an all-male synchronised swimming team.[82]
Smallfoot2018Abominable2019Both are computer-animated films about abominable snowmen making first contact with humans and are both set in the Himalayas.
Puppet Master: The Littlest Reich2018The Happytime Murders2018Both are dark comedies featuring puppets.[83]
A Quiet Place2018The Silence2019Both involve the world coming under attack from creatures who hunt their human prey by sound.
Beautiful Boy2018Ben Is Back2018Both are melodramas about a family with a teenage son facing a drug addiction.[84][85]
Skate Kitchen2018Mid90s2018Both are coming of age stories about a group of skateboarding teenagers played by inexperienced actors who skateboard in real life. In both films, the primary character is the newest member of the group and has a contentious relationship with their single mother.[86][87]
RBG2018On the Basis of Sex2018A documentary and a biographical drama about Ruth Bader Ginsburg.
Won't You Be My Neighbor?2018A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood2019Both films are about Fred Rogers, although the former is a documentary while the latter is a biopic.
Widows2018The Kitchen2019Both are about the law-abiding wives of criminals who take up their husbands' criminal plans when they are gone.[88][89]
Lez Bomb2018Happiest Season2020Both films revolve around lesbians who plan to come out to their conservative families during the holidays, only to be confronted by their ex-boyfriends; Lez Bomb is set on Thanksgiving while Happiest Season takes place on Christmas.[90]
Fyre Fraud2019Fyre2019Both are documentaries about the Fyre Festival.[91]
A Dog's Journey2019The Art of Racing in the Rain2019Both are films about a dog's life in their owner's lives and are narrated and seen through the eyes of the dogs.
The Haunting of Sharon Tate2019Once Upon a Time in Hollywood2019Both are films about Sharon Tate and her murder. Although the former is a horror thriller film that dramatizes the events, the latter takes place in an alternate universe where the murder did not take place.[92]
Ip Man 4: The Finale2019Ip Man: Kung Fu Master2019Both depict the life of Ip Man and are part of a series of films based on him.
Portrait of a Lady on Fire2019Ammonite2020Both films are set around 1800 on the coast of the English Channel and feature a forbidden lesbian relationship further complicated by class differences.
The King's Letters2019Forbidden Dream2019Both are about King Sejong the Great and his patronage of scholarship.[93]
Ujda Chaman2019Bala2019Both movies are about men facing premature baldness, hence becoming a subject of social ridicule and facing problems finding a spouse.[94]
The Curse of La Llorona2019La Llorona2019Both films are about the legend of La Llorona.[95]
Never Rarely Sometimes Always2020Unpregnant2020Both are American films about a teenage girl finding out she is pregnant and going on a road trip with her best friend to another state to get an abortion without their parents' consent.
Killer Spider2020Holy Spider2022Both are dramatizations of the case of Saeed Hanaei, a serial killer who targeted sex workers in Iran.[96]
The Battle at Lake Changjin2021Devotion2022Also The Battle at Lake Changjin II (2022), the sequel of the former and Sniper (2022). Both films are, or are partially, set during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir at the Korean War.
Pinocchio2022Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio2022Also Pinocchio: A True Story (2022) and Pinocchio and the Water Of Life (2023). All films are based on The Adventures of Pinocchio. Three of the films—Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio, Pinocchio: A True Story, and The Adventures of Pinocchio—star Tom Kenny.[97]
Violent Night2022The Mean One2022Also Christmas Bloody Christmas (2022). All are films about a murderous Santa Claus figure.[98]
Fire of Love2022The Fire Within: A Requiem for Katia and Maurice Krafft2022Both document the life and work of volcanologist and filmmaker couple Katia and Maurice Krafft, making extensive use of their own video footage.
Elvis2022Priscilla2023Both are films about or revolve around Elvis Presley.[99]
Turning Red2022Ruby Gillman, Teenage Kraken2023Both are animated films about adolescent girls who transform into larger creatures (a red panda and a kraken, respectively) under certain conditions.
Renfield2023The Last Voyage of the Demeter2023Both are films based on Dracula released by Universal Pictures in the same year.
The Beast in the Jungle2023The Beast2023Both are French adaptations of the Henry James novella The Beast in the Jungle.
The Covenant2023Kandahar2023Also Warhorse One. All films are set in a Taliban-controlled Afghanistan.[100]
The Great Escaper2023The Last Rifleman2023Based on the true story of Bernard Jordan, both are films about an elderly World War II veteran who escapes his nursing home in order to attend a milestone anniversary commemorations of the Normandy landings in France.[101]
Reality2023Winner2024Both are films about American whistleblower Reality Winner.[102]
Winnie-the-Pooh: Blood and Honey2023Mickey's Mouse Trap2024Also Bambi: The Reckoning (2024). All three are slasher films based on famous works only recently made part of the public domain – Bambi, Winnie-the-Pooh, and the Steamboat Willie design of Mickey Mouse, respectively.[103]
The Pope's Exorcist2023The Exorcism2024Both films star Russell Crowe , in which he plays some form of exorcist.
The First Omen2024Immaculate2024Both films are about young American nuns who travel to Rome, Italy, and become unexpectedly pregnant with what turns out to be a demon fetus/the antichrist.[104][105]
Imaginary2024IF2024Both films are about imaginary friends that have been forgotten by their children. They differ in that the former is a horror film, while the latter is family-friendly.[106]
Bad Boys: Ride or Die2024Beverly Hills Cop: Axel F2024Both films are the fourth installments of action-comedy franchises centered around African American cops.

Other meanings

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One story from two perspectives

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The term "twin films" has also been used for films produced by the same production company with the purpose of telling the same story from two different points of view:

Multiple-language films

edit

The term "twin films" has also been used for multiple-language versions of films:

See also

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References

edit
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