Mitochondrial transcription factor A, abbreviated as TFAM or mtTFA, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TFAM gene.[5][6]

TFAM
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesTFAM, MTTF1, MTTFA, TCF6, TCF6L1, TCF6L2, TCF6L3, transcription factor A, mitochondrial, MTDPS15
External IDsOMIM: 600438; MGI: 107810; HomoloGene: 31139; GeneCards: TFAM; OMA:TFAM - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001270782
NM_003201
NM_012251

NM_009360

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001257711
NP_003192

NP_033386

Location (UCSC)Chr 10: 58.39 – 58.4 MbChr 10: 71.06 – 71.07 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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This gene encodes a mitochondrial transcription factor that is a key activator of mitochondrial transcription as well as a participant in mitochondrial genome replication. TFAM binds mitochondrial promoter DNA to aid transcription of the mitochondrial genome. Studies in mice have demonstrated that this gene product is required to regulate the mitochondrial genome copy number and is essential for embryonic development. A mouse model for Kearns–Sayre syndrome was produced when expression of this gene was eliminated by targeted disruption in heart and muscle cells.[6]

TFAM is a double box High-mobility group DNA-binding and bending protein.[7] This bending action is important for mitochondrial transcription initiation in mammals, but not in yeasts with the homolog Abf2. TFAM may also participate in the packaging of the mitochondrial genome, as its binding activity is non-sequence-specific. [8]

Interactions

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TFAM has been shown to interact with TFB1M and[9] TFB2M.[10]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000108064Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000003923Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Tiranti V, Rossi E, Ruiz-Carrillo A, Rossi G, Rocchi M, DiDonato S, Zuffardi O, Zeviani M (Jul 1995). "Chromosomal localization of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TCF6), single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSBP), and endonuclease G (ENDOG), three human housekeeping genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis". Genomics. 25 (2): 559–64. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(95)80058-T. PMID 7789991.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: TFAM transcription factor A, mitochondrial".
  7. ^ Murugesapillai D, McCauley MJ, Maher LJ, Williams MC (15 November 2016). "Single-molecule studies of high-mobility group B architectural DNA bending proteins". Biophysical Reviews. 9 (1): 17–40. doi:10.1007/s12551-016-0236-4. PMC 5331113. PMID 28303166.
  8. ^ Ngo, HB; Kaiser, JT; Chan, DC (30 October 2011). "The mitochondrial transcription and packaging factor Tfam imposes a U-turn on mitochondrial DNA". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. 18 (11): 1290–6. doi:10.1038/nsmb.2159. PMC 3210390. PMID 22037171.
  9. ^ McCulloch V, Shadel GS (Aug 2003). "Human mitochondrial transcription factor B1 interacts with the C-terminal activation region of h-mtTFA and stimulates transcription independently of its RNA methyltransferase activity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (16): 5816–24. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.16.5816-5824.2003. PMC 166325. PMID 12897151.
  10. ^ Hillen, HS; Morozov, YI; Sarfallah, A; Temiakov, D; Cramer, P (16 November 2017). "Structural Basis of Mitochondrial Transcription Initiation". Cell. 171 (5): 1072–1081.e10. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.036. PMC 6590061. PMID 29149603.

Further reading

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  • Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q00059 (Transcription factor A, mitochondrial) at the PDBe-KB.