The Protectorate of South Arabia (Arabic: محمية الجنوب العربي) consisted of various states located at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula under treaties of protection with Britain. The area of the former protectorate became part of South Yemen after the Aden Emergency and is now part of the Republic of Yemen.
Protectorate of South Arabia محمية الجنوب العربي | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1963–1967 | |||||||||
 Flag | |||||||||
 Map of the Protectorate of South Arabia | |||||||||
| Status | British Protectorate | ||||||||
| Common languages | Arabic | ||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
• Established | January 18 1963 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | November 30 1967 | ||||||||
| Currency | East African shilling, then South Arabian dinar (1965-67) | ||||||||
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History
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The Protectorate of South Arabia was designated on 18 January 1963 as consisting of those areas of the Aden Protectorate that did not join the Federation of South Arabia, and it broadly, but not exactly, corresponded to the division of the Aden Protectorate which was called the Eastern Aden Protectorate.
The protectorate included the Hadhrami states of Kathiri, Mahra, and Qu'aiti except the three Wahidi Sultanates in the Eastern Aden Protectorate, with Upper Yafa in the Western Aden Protectorate. The Protectorate of South Arabia was dissolved on 30 November 1967 and its constituent states quickly collapsed, leading to the abolition of their monarchies. The territory was absorbed into the newly independent People's Republic of South Yemen, which became part of the Republic of Yemen in 1990.
States
edit| Flag | Name | Established | Joined | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Mahra Sultanate | 15th century | 1886 | easternmost state, bordering to Oman |
 | Kathiri State | 14th century | 1888 | northernmost state, bordering to Saudi Arabia |
 | Qu'aiti State | 1858 | 1888 | central state |
 | Upper Yafa | circa 1800 | 1903 | Exclave, consisted of five Sheikhdoms: Al-Busi, Al-Dhubi, Al-Hadrami, Al-Muflihi, and Al-Mausata |
 | Sheikhdom of al-Hawra | 19th century | 1890 | |
| | Sheikhdom of al-`Irqa | 19th century | 1890 | City-state |
Former states of the British Aden Protectorate were united in the 1960s to form the People's Republic of South Yemen, which became independent on 30 November 1967. South Yemen later merged with North Yemen to form the modern state of Yemen in 1990.[1][2]
List of rulers
edit| State | Ruler | Deposed | House | Reign | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Kathiri | Husayn ibn Ali | 2 October 1967 | Al Kathiri | Last reigning Sultan (1949–1967) | [2] |
 Mahra | Abdullah ibn Ashur | 16 October 1967 | Al Mahri | Last reigning Sultan (1966–1967) | [2] |
 Qu'aiti | Ghalib II | 17 September 1967 | Al Qu'aiti | Last reigning Sultan (1966–1967) | [3][4] |
 Upper Yafa | Muhammad ibn Salih | 29 November 1967 | Harharah[5] | Last reigning Sultan (1948–1967) | [2] |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (1980). Burke's Royal Families of the World: Africa and the Middle East. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-85011-029-6.
- ^ a b c d Cahoon, Ben. "States of the Aden Protectorates". World Statesmen.org. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
- ^ Soszynski, Henry. "Shihr and Mukalla". Genealogical Gleanings. University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 7 August 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
- ^ Kaaki, Lisa (4 May 2011). "The holy cities". Arab News. Saudi Research & Publishing Company. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 28 May 2011.
- ^ A Collection of First World War Military Handbooks of Arabia, 1913–1917. Vol. 3. Archive Editions. 1988. pp. 84–93. ISBN 978-1-85207-086-1.