PCE-842-class patrol craft

The PCE-842-class patrol craft escort was a United States Navy (USN) ship class of submarine chasers designed during World War II. The PCE-842-class were the only vessels ever designated by the USN as the 'patrol craft escort' (PCE) type. The PCE design was derived from the 180-foot (55 m) Admirable-class minesweeper to complement the 173-foot (53 m) PC-461-class submarine chasers that were used for anti-submarine warfare (ASW) in coastal areas.[1] At 185 feet long and 640 tons, the PCE is more than twice the displacement of the PC but with a less powerful engine also much slower; however, because of its larger size, the PCE was able to undertake longer-range tasks over PC-461-class vessels. The USN envisaged the PCE as enabling PCs and smaller vessels to undertake coastal patrols without being called-upon as often to perform open ocean and convoy escort duties, while simultaneously freeing-up some larger vessels - such as destroyer escorts and destroyers - from convoy ASW duties. The PCE-482-class had a standard crew complement of 99 officers and men. The class would ultimately see 68 total vessels built, serving with multiple navies around the world.

PCEC-872
Class overview
Builders
Operators
Subclasses
Built1942–1945
Completed68
Preserved~2
General characteristics [1]
Displacement850 long tons (860 t) standard, 903 long tons (917 t) full load
Length
  • 180 ft (54.86 m) wl
  • 184 ft 6 in (56.24 m) oa
Beam33 ft 1 in (10.08 m)
Draft9 ft 5 in (2.87 m)
Propulsion
  • 2 diesel engines, 2 shafts
  • 2,000 bhp (1,500 kW) total
Speed15.7 kn (29.1 km/h; 18.1 mph)
Range8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph)
Complement96
Armament

Development and design

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The Admirable class had been developed as a smaller minesweeper than the Raven-class and Auk-class minesweepers, which would be cheaper and easier to build, while still having good seakeeping capabilities in high seas. An escort derivative of the new design was proposed for supply under the Lend-Lease scheme to Britain's Royal Navy (which had already rejected the Admirable class as minesweepers), and when the United States Navy realized that a shortage of engines might prevent it from receiving additional PC-461-class submarine chasers beyond those already on order, it was decided to build the escort variant, designated as Patrol Craft Escort (PCE) for both the US Navy and Royal Navy.[1][2]

The ships were 184 ft 6 in (56.24 m) long overall and 180 ft 0 in (54.86 m) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 33 ft 1 in (10.08 m) and a draft of 9 ft 5 in (2.87 m).[1] Displacement was 850 long tons (860 t) standard and 903 long tons (917 t) full load.[3] They were powered by two 1,000 horsepower (750 kW) General Motors 12-278A diesel engines driving two shafts via single reduction gearing.[1][3] This gave a speed of 15.7 kn (18.1 mph; 29.1 km/h).[3] The ships had a range of 8,500 nmi (9,800 mi; 15,700 km) at 12 kn (14 mph; 22 km/h).[1]

The normal armament on completion consisted of a single 3 in (76 mm) gun forward, two 40 mm anti-aircraft guns, backed up by 4 or 5 Oerlikon 20 mm cannon. A Hedgehog anti-submarine mortar was mounted between the 3 inch gun and the ship's bridge, while depth charge projectors and rails were mounted on the ships' fantail.[4][5] Later ships were fitted with a third Bofors gun and additional Oerlikons,[3] while ships were later modified to mount three twin Bofors mounts and four Oerlikons.[5] Some ships (including PCE-867) were armed with two 3-inch guns and three Oerlikons.[6]

Detection equipment

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The class was fitted with radar, sonar and other detection equipment for ASW.

Conversions

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Some PCEs were later converted to Rescue Escorts, PCE(R), and to Amphibious Control Vessels, PCE(C), which were used in many U.S. amphibious landing operations during World War II, especially Leyte Gulf and Normandy. Two such ships, which were converted to Rescue Escorts, were the USS Somersworth and USS Fairview, both of which were present at the surrender of Japan in Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945.[7]

Production

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Sixty-eight Patrol Craft Escorts were built for the US Navy, and seventeen were delivered under the Lend-Lease Program to Allies during World War II. [dubiousdiscuss] The PCEs proved to be an inexpensive substitute for larger and more valuable destroyers and destroyer escorts in convoy escort work.

Philippine Navy

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As of 2014, the Philippine Navy still operates the Miguel Malvar class with six PCEs as gun corvettes, with all the ships' ASW equipment already removed. The PCE is the most numerous major ship class of the Philippine Navy that, at one time, numbered more than ten vessels.

Ships

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68 boats listed: 827 ... 860, 867 ... 886, 891 ... 904

Ship nameHull numberBuilderOriginal navy of serviceComm.Decomm.Status
KilberniePCE-827Pullman Company, Chicago, Illinois  Royal Navy16 July 1943June 1945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; sold for scrap, August 1997[8][9]
KilbridePCE-828  Royal Navy31 July 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; sold for scrap, 1988[10]
KilchattenPCE-829  Royal Navy16 August 194312 July 1945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; sold for scrap, 1983[11]
KilchrenanPCE-830  Royal Navy31 August 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; currently in service as of 2019 as a ferry. After conversion to ferry and passenger boat she sailed under the name MS Sunnhordland, a name she still carries. The ship was fully restored in 2016 and is now operating as a historic ship at the west coast of Norway.[12]
KildaryPCE-831  Royal Navy14 September 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; sold for scrap, 1980
KildwickPCE-832  Royal Navy27 September 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; sunk while under tow, October 1983
KilhamPCE-833  Royal Navy9 October 19431945Built in 1943 for the US Navy by the Pullman Car Company. Constructed of reinforced steel. Laid down 1943 February 26 as PCE-833 by the Pullman Standard Car Co., Chicago, IL. Launched 1943 August. Transferred 1943 October To Great Britain and commissioned HMS Kilham (Z 07); Reclassified BEC-7. Returned 1946 to U.S. custody in December; Struck from the Navy Register in 1947. Sold 1949 to S/A Investment (FylkesbaataneSogne og Fjordane, Mgrs.) of Bergen, Norway. Converted 1950 renamed M/S Sognefjord passenger ship. Sold 1958 to FylkesbataaneSogne og Fjordane of Bergen; Operated on the Norwegian west coast until 1982. Sold 1982 to Filmeffekt A/S of Oslo, Norway, and renamed Orion. Sold 1984 to K/S Orion Film A/S of Bergen and laid up. Sold 1987 to Matkat OY of Helsingfors, Finland. Sold 1991 to Orion Risteilyt O/Y of Hamina, Finland, and renamed Orion II. Sold 1996 to Jaako Mathias Eriksson of Honduras. Sold 1997 renamed ORIENT EXPLORER. Listed for sale in Sabah, Malaysia, 2019 for $129,000.
KilkenziePCE-834  Royal Navy20 October 1943July 1945Sold to a commercial interest, 1948; sold for scrap, 1978
KilkhamptonPCE-835  Royal Navy30 Oct 19431945Returned to the United States, December 1946; fate unknown
KilmacolmPCE-836  Royal Navy6 November 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1952; fate unknown
KilmarnockPCE-837  Royal Navy13 November 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1949; wrecked 5 January 1951
KilmartinPCE-838  Royal Navy11 December 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; sold for scrap, 12 June 1969
KilmelfordPCE-839  Royal Navy8 December 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1949; fate unknown
KilmingtonPCE-840  Royal Navy11 December 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1951; sold for scrap, 2007
KilmorePCE-841  Royal Navy24 December 19431945Sold to a commercial interest, 1947; fate unknown
MarfaPCE-842  United States Navy29 January 194417 August 1955Transferred to South Korea, 18 December 1961; Sunk by North Korean shore battery fire, 19 January 1967
SkowheganPCE-843  United States Navy30 January 1944March 1955Sold to a commercial interest, 1961; fate unknown
n/aPCE-844  United States Navy18 February 1944November 1947sold to the Mexican Navy and named ARM Pedro Sainz De Barandas (PO 123). Fate unknown.
WorlandPCE-845  United States Navy1 March 194425 May 1964Transferred to United States Navy Reserve as Naval Reserve Training Ship for 9th Naval District (Chicago) on 11 December 1950 and served on the Great Lakes. Transferred to State of North Carolina, Cape Fear Technical Institute, Wilmington, NC, 6 August 1964 and renamed R/V Advance II. Sold in 1980 to the Standard Products Co., Inc. of Wilmington, North Carolina. Donated to the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries 15 October 1993. Sunk 21 June 1994 off Kitty Hawk (Artificial Reef 145) as part of their artificial reef program.
EunicePCE 846  United States Navy4 March 1944UnknownTransferred to Ecuador, 29 November 1960; fate unknown
n/aPCE-847  United States Navy18 March 1944UnknownTransferred to Mexico, November 1947; fate unknown
n/aPCE-848  United States Navy30 March 1944March 1946Sold for scrap, January 1947
SomersworthPCE-849  United States Navy11 April 1944September 1965Sold for scrap, 1972
FairviewPCE-850  United States Navy17 April 19441 May 1968Sold to a commercial interest, 1969; fate unknown
RockvillePCE-851  United States Navy15 May 194421 December 1968Transferred to Colombia, 1969 as ARC San Andres (BO 151) before being sent to the Colombian Coast Guard. Decommissioned in the late 1980s.
BrattleboroPCE-852  United States Navy26 May 19441 November 1965Transferred to South Vietnam, 11 July 1966; later fled to the Philippines in 1975 after the fall of South Vietnam; Active as of 2021 November
AmherstPCE-853  United States Navy15 June 19446 February 1970Transferred to South Vietnam, 3 June 1970; later fled to the Philippines in 1975 after the fall of South Vietnam; served in PhN as BRP Datu Marikudo, decommissioned 2010 Dec 9; equipment stripped for spares, hull sold for scrap
n/aPCE-854  United States Navy4 January 19451945Sold to a commercial interest, 1945; fate unknown
RexburgPCE-855  United States Navy1 November 19442 March 1970Sold to a commercial interest, 28 October 1970; last documented, 2009; fate unknown
WhitehallPCE-856  United States Navy11 November 19441 July 1970Transferred to United States Navy Reserve as Naval Reserve Training Ship for 4th Naval District (Philadelphia) July 1946. Decommissioned 1 July 1970 and sold to Eastern Seaboard Pile-Driving of Montvale and renamed Donna Marie. Converted to a tug in 1974. Sold to Standard Products Co. Inc. of Reedsville, Virginia, and renamed Atlantic Surf in 1980. Sold to Omega Protein Inc. of Hammond, Louisiana, and renamed Atlantic Shore. Fate unknown.
MarysvillePCE-857  United States Navy26 April 1945July 1970Sold to a commercial interest, 1975; last documented, 1995; fate unknown
JacksonPCE-858  United States NavyUnited States Coast Guard16 May 194524 July 1947Transferred to United States Coast Guard to replace the sunken USCGC Jackson (WSC-142). Renamed USCGC Jackson (WPC-120), she was berthed at Curtis Bay, Maryland, until decommission due to lack of crew.

Sold to a commercial interest, 23 December 1947; fate unknown

n/aPCE-859  United States Navy10 March 19451947Fate unknown
n/aPCE-860  United States Navy31 March 1945April 1946recommissioned as USCGC Bedloe (WPC-121)
n/aPCE-867Albina Engine & Machine Works, Portland, Oregon  United States Navy20 June 1943UnknownTransferred to the Republic of China, 7 February 1948; damaged in action with Communist Chinese forces 14 November 1965 and later scrapped
n/aPCE-868  United States Navy31 August 194329 October 1947Transferred to Mexico, 8 November 1947; sold for scrap, 1995
n/aPCE-869  United States Navy19 September 19431 July 1971Transferred to Republic of China, 28 August 1945; fate unknown
DaniaPCE-870  United States Navy5 October 194318 October 1946Transferred to South Korea, 9 December 1961; fate unknown
n/aPCE-871  United States Navy29 October 194324 November 1947Transferred to Mexico, 24 November 1947; sold for scrap, 1965
n/aPCE-872  United States Navy29 November 1943UnknownTransferred to Cuba, 1 October 1947; fate unknown
n/aPCE-873  United States Navy15 December 19431947Transferred to South Korea, 1 November 1974; fate unknown
PascagoulaPCE-874  United States Navy31 December 19431 May 1959Transferred to Ecuador, 5 December 1960; fate unknown
n/aPCE-875  United States Navy19 January 1944UnknownTransferred to Mexico, November 1947; fate unknown
LodestonePCE-876  United States Navy10 June 194421 February 1975Sold for scrap, 1 May 1976
HavrePCE-877  United States Navy14 February 19441 July 1970Transferred to United States Navy Reserve as Naval Reserve Training Ship for 9th Naval District (Chicago) in April 1954 and served on the Great Lakes until struck from Navy list 1 July 1970. Fate unknown.
ButtressPCE-878  United States Navy13 March 194424 February 1947Sold to a commercial interest, 1952; sunk as a target, 1990s
MagnetPCE-879  United States Navy10 July 19441975Sunk as a target 4 March 1976
ElyPCE-880  United States Navy29 April 19441 July 1970Transferred to United States Navy Reserve as Naval Reserve Training Ship for 9th Naval District (Chicago) in August 1947 and served on the Great Lakes. Transferred 3 September 1970 to the State of Maine (Southern Maine Vocational Technical Institute) South Portland, ME and renamed R/V Aqualab II. Sold in 1972 to Kirks Marine Enterprise, Inc. of Dover, Delaware. Sold in 1975 to Norman Industries, Inc. of Lafayette, Louisiana. Acquired in 1978 by Standard Products Co., Inc. of Kilmarnock, Virginia, and renamed Atlantic Mist. Acquired in 1989 by Ampro Fisheries, Inc. of Burgess, Virginia. Acquired by Omega Protein, Inc. of Moss Point, Mississippi. Sunk 16 January 2010 as part of an artificial reef approximately 26 miles southeast of Indian River Inlet, Delaware.
n/aPCE-881  United States Navy31 July 1944UnknownTransferred to the Philippines, July 1948; commissioned as BRP Cebu, decommissioned 1 Oct 2019
n/aPCE-882  United States Navy23 February 1945UnknownTransferred to South Korea, 1 November 1974; fate unknown
DepermPCE-883  United States Navy194521 February 1975Sunk as a target, 22 September 1982
n/aPCE-884  United States Navy30 March 1945UnknownTransferred to the Philippines, in June 1948; commissioned as BRP Negros Occidental, decommissioned 2010 Dec 9, equipment stripped for spares, hull sold for scrap
n/aPCE-885  United States Navy30 April 1945UnknownTransferred to the Philippines, 1 June 1948; commissioned as RPS Leyte, ran aground and sank, 1979
BanningPCE-886  United States Navy31 May 19451 May 1961Became a museum ship, July 1961; sold to a commercial interest, 1972; sank, 1 October 1973
n/aPCE-891Willamette Iron and Steel Works, Portland, Oregon  United States Navy15 June 1944UnknownTransferred to the Philippines, 1 June 1948; commissioned as BRP Pangasinan, decommissioned 2021 Mar 1. Sunk as a target on 26 April 2023 as part of the Balikatan 2023 exercise.[13]
SomersetPCE-892  United States Navy8 July 1944March 1955Transferred to South Korea, 13 December 1961; fate unknown
n/aPCE-893  United States Navy25 July 194420 November 1947Transferred to Cuba, 20 November 1947; fate unknown
FarmingtonPCE-894  United States Navy10 August 194419 December 1947Transferred to United States Navy Reserve as Naval Reserve Training Ship for 9th Naval District (Chicago) in 1948 and served on the Great Lakes. Removed from Navy List on December 1, 1964. Transferred to Burma, 31 May 1965; sold for scrap, 2000
CrestviewPCE-895  United States Navy30 October 1944UnknownTransferred to South Vietnam 29 November 1961; escaped to the Philippines, 1975; commissioned in PhN as BRP Sultan Kudarat, retired 2019 July 5
n/aPCE-896  United States Navy27 November 1944UnknownTransferred to South Korea, 1 November 1974; fate unknown
n/aPCE-897  United States Navy6 January 1945UnknownTransferred to the Philippines in April 1948; commissioned in PhN as BRP Iloilo, decommissioned 2016 Sep, equipment stripped for spares, hull awaiting disposal
n/aPCE-898  United States Navy24 January 1945UnknownTransferred to South Korea 1 November 1974; fate unknown
LamarPCE-899  United States Navy17 March 194530 September 1969Transferred to United States Navy Reserve as Naval Reserve Training Ship for 9th Naval District (Milwaukee) on 13 December 1950 and served on the Great Lakes. Transferred to U.S. Coast Guard 29 July 1964. Arrived Monterey, California 14 December 1965 as training vessel. Decommissioned 30 September 1969. Sold as scrap to Foison Industries Corporation in Taiwan 8 November 1971.
GrotonPCE-900  United States Navy12 April 194419 August 1955Sold to a commercial interest, 1975; abandoned near Reedville, Virginia
Parris IslandPCE-901  United States Navy30 October 194419 June 1947Sold to a commercial interest, 20 January 1948; sold for scrap, 1990[14]
PortagePCE-902  United States Navy30 April 19451949Transferred to United States Navy Reserve as Naval Reserve Training Ship for 9th Naval District (Milwaukee) 7 May 1950 and served on the Great Lakes until struck from Navy list 1 July 1970. Sold to Standard Products Co., Inc. of Kilmarnock, Virginia, and renamed Atlantic Venture. Acquired in 1989 by Ampro Fisheries, Inc. of Burgess, Virginia. Fate unknown.
BatesburgPCE-903  United States Navy16 May 19456 September 1955Transferred to South Korea, 13 December 1961; fate unknown
GettysburgPCE-904  United States Navy31 May 19452 September 1955Sold for scrap 23 June 1960

See also

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Citations

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Sources

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  • Friedman, Norman (1987). U.S. Small Combatants: Including PT-Boats, Subchasers and the Brown-Water Navy: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-713-5.
  • Elliott, Peter (1977). Allied Escort Ships of World War II: A complete survey. London: Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 0-356-08401-9.
  • Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
  • Lenton, H. T. (1974). American Gunboats and Minesweepers. WW2 Fact Files. London: Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 0-356-08064-1.
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