The Ministry of Defense (Amharic: የመከላከያ ሚኒስቴር, romanized: yemekelakeya mīnīsitēri) is a cabinet-level office in charge of defense-related matters of Ethiopia. It oversees the Ethiopian National Defense Force and Ethiopian Defense Industry. The current minister is Aisha Mohammed since 2024.[1]
| የመከላከያ ሚኒስቴር Ministeera Raayyaa Ittisa Biyyaa (Itoophiyaa) | |
 | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 23 August 1995 |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Ethiopia |
| Headquarters | Addis Ababa |
| Agency executives |
|
| Child agency | |
History edit
This institution can trace its origins back to the Ministry of War, which Emperor Menelik II established in 1907, and made Fitawrari Habte Giyorgis Minister over it.[2] Emperor Haile Selassie re-established the Ministry of War in 1942, making Ras Abebe Aregai its Minister.[3] The Ministry is headed by a civilian minister which is a requirement of Article 87 of the current constitution of Ethiopia. It was established 23 August 1995 with the passing of Proclamation 4/1995, which also established the other 14 Ministries.[4]
On 9 January 2022, a new building of the Ministry of Defense was inaugurated. The five floor building of more than 700 offices and facilities serves now as the headquarters of the ministry, and is located on 13 hectares of land in Addis Ababa.[5][6]
Structure[7] edit
Military Industry edit
- Defense Construction Materials Production Factory
- Defense Construction Design Enterprise
- Defense Construction Enterprise
- Dejen Aviation Engineering Industry
- Homicho Ammunition Engineering Complex
- Gafat Armament Engineering Complex
National Defense Engineering College edit
Defense Engineering College was established in 1997 by the Ethiopian Ministry of Defense (MoD) to produce highly professional educational services.[8]
Agencies edit
- Brana Printing Press
List of ministers edit
Minister of War/Defence of the Ethiopian Empire edit
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) | Term of office | Political party | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| 1 |  | Habte Giyorgis | 1907 | 1926 | 19 years | Independent | ||
| 2 | Mulugeta Yeggazu | 1926 | 1936 | 10 years | Independent | |||
| 3 | Birru Walda Gabriel | 1936 | 1942 | 6 years | Independent | [3] | ||
| 4 |  | Abiye Abebe | 1943 | 1947 | 4 years | Independent | ||
| 5 |  | Abebe Aregai | 1947 | 1949 | 2 years | Independent | ||
| | Abiye Abebe | 1949 | 1955 | 6 years | Independent | |||
| | Abebe Aregai | 1955 | 17 December 1960 | 5 years | Independent | |||
| Lieutenant General | 17 December 1960 | 1966 | 6 years | Independent | [9][10][11][12] | |||
| Lieutenant General | 1966 | 28 February 1974 | 8 years | Independent | [13][14] | |||
| | Abiye Abebe | 28 February 1974 | 22 July 1974 | 4 months | Independent | [10] | ||
Minister of Defense of Socialist Ethiopia edit
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) | Term of office | Political party | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| 1 |  | Major General | 22 July 1974 | 17 November 1974 | 4 years | Workers' Party of Ethiopia | [15] | |
| 2 | Ambassador Ayelew Mandefro | 6 December 1974 | 19 September 1977 | [16] | ||||
| 3 | Brigadier General Taye Tilahun | 19 September 1977 | January 1980 | |||||
| 4 |  | Lieutenant General | January 1980 | 14 May 1988 | 7 years | Workers' Party of Ethiopia | [17][18][19] | |
| 5 |  | Major General | 14 May 1988 | 16 May 1989 | 1 year | Workers' Party of Ethiopia | [17][20] | |
Minister of Defense of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1991-present) edit
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) | Term of office | Political party | Ref. | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
| Siye Abraha | 1991 | 1995 | 4 years | |||||
| Tamrat Layne | 1995 | ? | [21] | |||||
| | Abadula Gemeda (born 1958) | 16 October 2001 | 2005 | 3–4 years | Oromo Democratic Party | |||
| | Kuma Demeksa (born 1958) | 2005 | 30 October 2008 | 2–3 years | Oromo Democratic Party | |||
.jpg) | Siraj Fegessa (born 1971) | 30 October 2008 | 16 October 2018 | 10 years, 170 days | SEPDM | |||
 | Aisha Mohammed Mussa (born 1970) | 16 October 2018 | 18 April 2019 | 184 days | ARDUF | |||
 | Lemma Megersa (born 1970) | 18 April 2019 | 18 August 2020 | 1 year, 122 days | Oromo Democratic Party | |||
| | Kenea Yadeta | 18 August 2020 | 6 October 2021 | 1 year, 49 days | Independent | |||
| Abraham Belay | 6 October 2021 | Incumbent | 2 years, 227 days | Prosperity Party | ||||
| | Aisha Mohammed | 20 May 2024 | Incumbent | 13 days | ARDUF | |||
See also edit
References edit
Citations edit
- ^ "Ethiopian parliament approves PM Abiy's new cabinet". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ Zewde, Bahru (2001). A History of Modern Ethiopia (2nd ed.). London: James Currey. p. 115.
- ^ a b Perham 1969, p. 85.
- ^ Text of the proclamation[permanent dead link] (accessed 13 July 2010)
- ^ Tadesse, Helen (9 January 2022). "Defense Ministry Inaugurates New State of Art Building". Retrieved 12 June 2022.
- ^ "Defense Ministry Inaugurates New Headquarters – Ethiopian Monitor". 9 January 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
- ^ "Government | FDRE Office of the Prime Ministers". www.pmo.gov.et. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
- ^ "DevelopmentAid". DevelopmentAid. Retrieved 17 June 2023.
- ^ "SPECIAL REPORT THE SUCCESSION PROBLEM IN ETHIOPIA | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
- ^ a b Ginbot 7 2010, p. 6.
- ^ Operations, United States Congress House Committee on Agriculture Subcommittee on Foreign Agricultural (1965). Agriculture in Africa: A Report, Eighty-ninth Congress, First Session. U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ Ofcansky, Thomas P.; Shinn, David H. (29 March 2004). Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6566-2.
- ^ "Ethiopia's Lt. General Kebede's Memorandum to Emperor Haile Selassie on the Resolution of "the Issue of Eritrea"". February 2020.
- ^ Shifaw, Dawit (24 July 2012). The Diary of Terror: Ethiopia 1974 to 1991. Trafford Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4669-4525-8.
- ^ Ginbot 7 2010, p. 7.
- ^ Mandefro, Mehret (28 July 2020). "Farewell To My Beloved Father Ambassador Ayalew Mandefro". Medium. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
- ^ a b Ginbot 7 2010, p. 9.
- ^ Tessema, Marshet Tadesse (26 September 2018). Prosecution of Politicide in Ethiopia: The Red Terror Trials. Springer. ISBN 9789462652552.
- ^ https://marxists.architexturez.net/history/erol/ethiopia/building-ethiopia.pdf.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Ethiopian Leader Names New Armed Forces Chiefs". Associated Press.
- ^ "Former Prime Minister of Ethiopia Tamrat Layne Admassu will present lecture on "Transformation of Life in Jesus" March 13". Whitworth University. 3 March 2013. Archived from the original on 3 November 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
Bibliography edit
- Perham, Margary (1969). The Government of Ethiopia (2nd ed.). London: Faber and Faber.
- Ginbot 7 (12 February 2010). "The Ethiopian Military Leadership Under Haile Selassie and Derge Regimes" (PDF). Ginbot 7 Movement for Justice, Freedom and Democracy. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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