Melting point edit
In the following table, the use row is the value recommended for use in other Wikipedia pages in order to maintain consistency across content.
Reference | Kelvin | Celsius | Fahrenheit | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 H hydrogen (H2) | ||||
use | 13.99 K | −259.16 °C | −434.49 °F | |
WEL | 14.01 K | −259.14 °C | −434.45 °F | |
CRC | −259.16 °C | |||
LNG | −259.35 °C | |||
2 He helium | ||||
use | 0 K | −273.15 °C | −459.67 °F | hcp crystal melting to He-II superfluid at 25.00 atm |
1.463 K | −271.687 °C | −457.037 °F | triple point hcp−bcc−He-II at 26.036 atm | |
1.762 K | −271.388 °C | −456.498 °F | triple point hcp−bcc−He-II at 29.725 atm | |
1.772 K | −271.378 °C | −456.480 °F | triple point hcp−He-II−He-I at 30.016 atm | |
WEL | 0.95 K | −272.2 °C | −458 °F | |
LNG | −272.15 °C | (at 25 atm) | ||
§ Hoffer et al. | 0 K | −273.15 °C | −459.67 °F | hcp crystal melting to He-II superfluid at 25.00 atm |
1.463 K | −271.687 °C | −457.037 °F | triple point hcp−bcc−He-II at 26.036 atm | |
1.762 K | −271.388 °C | −456.498 °F | triple point hcp−bcc−He-II at 29.725 atm | |
1.772 K | −271.378 °C | −456.480 °F | triple point hcp−He-II−He-I at 30.016 atm | |
3 Li lithium | ||||
use | 453.65 K | 180.50 °C | 356.90 °F | |
WEL | 453.69 K | 180.54 °C | 356.97 °F | |
CRC | 180.50 °C | |||
LNG | 180.54 °C | |||
4 Be beryllium | ||||
use | 1560 K | 1287 °C | 2349 °F | |
WEL | 1560 K | 1287 °C | 2349 °F | |
CRC | 1287 °C | |||
LNG | 1287 °C | |||
5 B boron | ||||
use | 2349 K | 2076 °C | 3769 °F | |
WEL | 2349 K | 2076 °C | 3769 °F | |
CRC | 2075 °C | |||
LNG | 2076 °C | |||
6 C carbon (graphite) | ||||
use | ||||
WEL | ? (3800 K) | ? (3527 °C) | ? (6381 °F) | |
CRC | tp 4489 °C | (at 10.3 MPa) | ||
LNG | subl. (3915–4020) °C | |||
6 C carbon (diamond) | ||||
use | ||||
WEL | ? (3800 K) | ? (3527 °C) | ? (6381 °F) | |
CRC | 4440 °C | (at 12.4 GPa) | ||
LNG | 3500 °C | (at 63.5 atm) | ||
7 N nitrogen (N2) | ||||
use | 63.15 K | −210.00 °C | −346.00 °F | |
WEL | 63.05 K | −210.1 °C | −346.18 °F | |
CRC | −210.00 °C | |||
LNG | −210.01 °C | |||
8 O oxygen (O2) | ||||
use | 54.36 K | −218.79 °C | −361.82 °F | |
WEL | 54.8 K | −218.3 °C | −360.9 °F | |
CRC | −218.79 °C | |||
LNG | −218.4 °C | |||
9 F fluorine (F2) | ||||
use | 53.48 K | −219.67 °C | −363.41 °F | |
WEL | 53.53 K | −219.62 °C | −363.32 °F | |
CRC | tp −219.67 °C | |||
LNG | −219.61 °C | |||
10 Ne neon | ||||
use | 24.56 K | −248.59 °C | −415.46 °F | |
WEL | 24.56 K | −248.59 °C | −415.46 °F | |
CRC | −248.59 °C | |||
LNG | −248.67 °C | |||
11 Na sodium | ||||
use | 370.944 K | 97.794 °C | 207.9 °F | |
WEL | 370.87 K | 97.72 °C | 207.9 °F | |
CRC | 97.794 °C | |||
LNG | 97.82 °C | |||
12 Mg magnesium | ||||
use | 923 K | 650 °C | 1202 °F | |
WEL | 923 K | 650 °C | 1202 °F | |
CRC | 650 °C | |||
LNG | 651 °C | |||
13 Al aluminium | ||||
use | 933.47 K | 660.32 °C | 1220.58 °F | |
WEL | 933.47 K | 660.32 °C | 1220.58 °F | |
CRC | 660.32 °C | |||
LNG | 660.323 °C | |||
freezing point 933.473 K (660.323 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
14 Si silicon | ||||
use | 1687 K | 1414 °C | 2577 °F | |
WEL | 1687 K | 1414 °C | 2577 °F | |
CRC | 1414 °C | |||
LNG | 1412 °C | |||
15 P phosphorus (white) | ||||
use | 317.30 K | 44.15 °C | 111.47 °F | |
WEL | 317.3 K | 44.2 °C | 111.6 °F | |
CRC | 44.15 °C | |||
LNG | 44.15 °C | |||
15 P phosphorus (red) | ||||
use | 870 K | 597 °C | 1107 °F | |
CRC | tp 590 °C | |||
LNG | 597 °C | |||
15 P phosphorus (black) | ||||
use | 883 K | 610 °C | 1130 °F | |
CRC | 610 °C | |||
LNG | ||||
16 S sulfur (orthorhombic, alpha) | ||||
use | 368.4 K | 95.3 °C | 203.5 °F | (trans. to beta) |
CRC | 95.3 °C | (trans. to mono) | ||
LNG | 94.5 °C | (trans. to beta) | ||
16 S sulfur (monoclinic, beta, trans. slowly to alpha) | ||||
use | 388.36 K | 115.21 °C | 239.38 °F | |
WEL | 388.36 K | 115.21 °C | 239.38 °F | |
CRC | 119.6 °C | |||
LNG | 115.21 °C | |||
16 S sulfur (gamma) | ||||
use | 380.0 K | 106.8 °C | 224.2 °F | |
LNG | 106.8 °C | |||
17 Cl chlorine (Cl2) | ||||
use | 171.6 K | −101.5 °C | −150.7 °F | |
WEL | 171.6 K | −101.5 °C | −150.7 °F | |
CRC | −101.5 °C | |||
LNG | −101.5 °C | |||
18 Ar argon | ||||
use | 83.81 K | −189.34 °C | −308.81 °F | |
WEL | 83.8 K | −189.3 °C | −308.7 °F | |
CRC | −189.34 °C | |||
LNG | −189.38 °C | |||
19 K potassium | ||||
use | 336.7 K | 63.5 °C | 146.3 °F | |
WEL | 336.53 K | 63.38 °C | 146.08 °F | |
CRC | 63.5 °C | |||
LNG | 63.38 °C | |||
20 Ca calcium | ||||
use | 1115 K | 842 °C | 1548 °F | |
WEL | 1115 K | 842 °C | 1548 °F | |
CRC | 842 °C | |||
LNG | 842 °C | |||
21 Sc scandium | ||||
use | 1814 K | 1541 °C | 2806 °F | |
WEL | 1814 K | 1541 °C | 2806 °F | |
CRC | 1541 °C | |||
LNG | 1541 °C | |||
22 Ti titanium (hexagonal) | ||||
use | 1941 K | 1668 °C | 3034 °F | |
WEL | 1941 K | 1668 °C | 3034 °F | |
CRC | 1668 °C | |||
LNG | 1668 °C | |||
23 V vanadium | ||||
use | 2183 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F | |
WEL | 2183 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F | |
CRC | 1910 °C | |||
LNG | 1917 °C | |||
24 Cr chromium | ||||
use | 2180 K | 1907 °C | 3465 °F | |
WEL | 2180 K | 1907 °C | 3465 °F | |
CRC | 1907 °C | |||
LNG | 1907 °C | |||
25 Mn manganese | ||||
use | 1519 K | 1246 °C | 2275 °F | |
WEL | 1519 K | 1246 °C | 2275 °F | |
CRC | 1246 °C | |||
LNG | 1244 °C | (face-centered tetragonal) | ||
26 Fe iron | ||||
use | 1811 K | 1538 °C | 2800 °F | |
WEL | 1811 K | 1538 °C | 2800 °F | |
CRC | 1538 °C | |||
LNG | 1535 °C | |||
27 Co cobalt | ||||
use | 1768 K | 1495 °C | 2723 °F | |
WEL | 1768 K | 1495 °C | 2723 °F | |
CRC | 1495 °C | |||
LNG | 1494 °C | |||
28 Ni nickel | ||||
use | 1728 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F | |
WEL | 1728 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F | |
CRC | 1455 °C | |||
LNG | 1453 °C | |||
29 Cu copper | ||||
use | 1357.77 K | 1084.62 °C | 1984.32 °F | |
WEL | 1357.77 K | 1084.62 °C | 1984.32 °F | |
CRC | 1084.62 °C | |||
LNG | 1084.62 °C | |||
freezing point 1357.77 K (1084.62 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
30 Zn zinc | ||||
use | 692.68 K | 419.53 °C | 787.15 °F | |
WEL | 692.68 K | 419.53 °C | 787.15 °F | |
CRC | 419.53 °C | |||
LNG | 419.527 °C | |||
freezing point 692.677 K (419.527 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
31 Ga gallium | ||||
use | 302.9146 K | 29.7646 °C | 85.5763 °F | |
WEL | 302.91 K | 29.76 °C | 85.57 °F | |
CRC | tp 29.771 °C | |||
LNG | 29.7646 °C | |||
melting point 302.9146 K (29.7646 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
32 Ge germanium | ||||
use | 1211.40 K | 938.25 °C | 1720.85 °F | |
WEL | 1211.4 K | 938.3 °C | 1720.9 °F | |
CRC | 938.25 °C | |||
LNG | 937.3 °C | |||
33 As arsenic | ||||
use | 1090 K | 817 °C | 1503 °F | |
WEL | 1090 K | 817 °C | 1503 °F | |
CRC | tp 817 °C | (at 3.70 MPa) | ||
LNG | 817 °C | |||
34 Se selenium (hexagonal, gray) | ||||
use | 494 K | 221 °C | 430 °F | |
WEL | 494 K | 221 °C | 430 °F | |
CRC | 220.5 °C | |||
LNG | 217 °C | |||
34 Se selenium (vitreous) | ||||
use | 453 K | 180 °C | 356 °F | (trans. to gray) |
CRC | 180 °C | (trans. to gray) | ||
35 Br bromine (Br2) | ||||
use | 265.8 K | −7.3 °C | 19 °F | |
WEL | 265.8 K | −7.3 °C | 19 °F | |
CRC | −7.2 °C | |||
LNG | −7.25 °C | |||
36 Kr krypton | ||||
use | 115.78 K | −157.37 °C | −251.27 °F | |
WEL | 115.79 K | −157.37 °C | −251.25 °F | |
CRC | tp −157.38 °C | (at 73.2 kPa) | ||
LNG | −157.36 °C | |||
37 Rb rubidium | ||||
use | 312.45 K | 39.30 °C | 102.74 °F | |
WEL | 312.46 K | 39.31 °C | 102.76 °F | |
CRC | 39.30 °C | |||
LNG | 39.31 °C | |||
38 Sr strontium | ||||
use | 1050 K | 777 °C | 1431 °F | |
WEL | 1050 K | 777 °C | 1431 °F | |
CRC | 777 °C | |||
LNG | 757 °C | |||
39 Y yttrium | ||||
use | 1799 K | 1526 °C | 2779 °F | |
WEL | 1799 K | 1526 °C | 2779 °F | |
CRC | 1522 °C | |||
LNG | 1522 °C | |||
40 Zr zirconium | ||||
use | 2128 K | 1855 °C | 3371 °F | |
WEL | 2128 K | 1855 °C | 3371 °F | |
CRC | 1855 °C | |||
LNG | 1852 °C | |||
41 Nb niobium | ||||
use | 2750 K | 2477 °C | 4491 °F | |
WEL | 2750 K | 2477 °C | 4491 °F | |
CRC | 2477 °C | |||
LNG | 2468 °C | |||
42 Mo molybdenum | ||||
use | 2896 K | 2623 °C | 4753 °F | |
WEL | 2896 K | 2623 °C | 4753 °F | |
CRC | 2623 °C | |||
LNG | 2622 °C | |||
43 Tc technetium (Tc-98 ?) | ||||
use | 2430 K | 2157 °C | 3915 °F | |
WEL | 2430 K | 2157 °C | 3915 °F | |
CRC | 2157 °C | |||
LNG | 2157 °C | (Tc-98) | ||
44 Ru ruthenium | ||||
use | 2607 K | 2334 °C | 4233 °F | |
WEL | 2607 K | 2334 °C | 4233 °F | |
CRC | 2334 °C | |||
LNG | 2334 °C | |||
45 Rh rhodium | ||||
use | 2237 K | 1964 °C | 3567 °F | |
WEL | 2237 K | 1964 °C | 3567 °F | |
CRC | 1964 °C | |||
LNG | 1963 °C | |||
46 Pd palladium | ||||
use | 1828.05 K | 1554.9 °C | 2830.82 °F | |
WEL | 1828.05 K | 1554.9 °C | 2830.82 °F | |
CRC | 1554.9 °C | |||
LNG | 1555 °C | |||
47 Ag silver | ||||
use | 1234.93 K | 961.78 °C | 1763.2 °F | |
WEL | 1234.93 K | 961.78 °C | 1763.2 °F | |
CRC | 961.78 °C | |||
LNG | 961.78 °C | |||
freezing point 1234.93 K (961.78 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
48 Cd cadmium | ||||
use | 594.22 K | 321.07 °C | 609.93 °F | |
WEL | 594.22 K | 321.07 °C | 609.93 °F | |
CRC | 321.07 °C | |||
LNG | 321 °C | |||
49 In indium | ||||
use | 429.75 K | 156.60 °C | 313.88 °F | |
WEL | 429.75 K | 156.6 °C | 313.88 °F | |
CRC | 156.60 °C | |||
LNG | 156.60 °C | |||
freezing point 429.7485 K (156.5985 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
50 Sn tin (white) | ||||
use | 505.08 K | 231.93 °C | 449.47 °F | |
WEL | 505.08 K | 231.93 °C | 449.47 °F | |
CRC | 231.93 °C | |||
LNG | 231.928 °C | |||
freezing point 505.078 K (231.928 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
51 Sb antimony | ||||
use | 903.78 K | 630.63 °C | 1167.13 °F | |
WEL | 903.78 K | 630.63 °C | 1167.13 °F | |
CRC | 630.63 °C | |||
LNG | 630.7 °C | |||
52 Te tellurium | ||||
use | 722.66 K | 449.51 °C | 841.12 °F | |
WEL | 722.66 K | 449.51 °C | 841.12 °F | |
CRC | 449.51 °C | |||
LNG | 449.8 °C | |||
53 I iodine (I2) | ||||
use | 386.85 K | 113.7 °C | 236.66 °F | |
WEL | 386.85 K | 113.7 °C | 236.66 °F | |
CRC | 113.7 °C | |||
LNG | 113.60 °C | |||
54 Xe xenon | ||||
use | 161.40 K | −111.75 °C | −169.15 °F | |
WEL | 161.4 K | −111.7 °C | −169.1 °F | |
CRC | tp −111.795 °C | (at 81.6 kPa) | ||
LNG | −111.8 °C | |||
55 Cs caesium | ||||
use | 301.7 K | 28.5 °C | 83.3 °F | |
WEL | 301.59 K | 28.44 °C | 83.19 °F | |
CRC | 28.5 °C | |||
LNG | 28.44 °C | |||
56 Ba barium | ||||
use | 1000 K | 727 °C | 1341 °F | |
WEL | 1000 K | 727 °C | 1341 °F | |
CRC | 727 °C | |||
LNG | 726.9 °C | |||
57 La lanthanum | ||||
use | 1193 K | 920 °C | 1688 °F | |
WEL | 1193 K | 920 °C | 1688 °F | |
CRC | 918 °C | |||
LNG | 920 °C | |||
58 Ce cerium | ||||
use | 1068 K | 795 °C | 1463 °F | |
WEL | 1068 K | 795 °C | 1463 °F | |
CRC | 798 °C | |||
LNG | 795 °C | |||
59 Pr praseodymium | ||||
use | 1208 K | 935 °C | 1715 °F | |
WEL | 1208 K | 935 °C | 1715 °F | |
CRC | 931 °C | |||
LNG | 935 °C | |||
60 Nd neodymium | ||||
use | 1297 K | 1024 °C | 1875 °F | |
WEL | 1297 K | 1024 °C | 1875 °F | |
CRC | 1021 °C | |||
LNG | 1024 °C | |||
61 Pm promethium (Pm-147 ?) | ||||
use | 1315 K | 1042 °C | 1908 °F | |
WEL | 1373 K | 1100 °C | 2012 °F | |
CRC | 1042 °C | |||
LNG | 1080 °C | (Pm-147) | ||
62 Sm samarium | ||||
use | 1345 K | 1072 °C | 1962 °F | |
WEL | 1345 K | 1072 °C | 1962 °F | |
CRC | 1074 °C | |||
LNG | 1074 °C | |||
63 Eu europium | ||||
use | 1099 K | 826 °C | 1519 °F | |
WEL | 1099 K | 826 °C | 1519 °F | |
CRC | 822 °C | |||
LNG | 822 °C | |||
64 Gd gadolinium | ||||
use | 1585 K | 1312 °C | 2394 °F | |
WEL | 1585 K | 1312 °C | 2394 °F | |
CRC | 1313 °C | |||
LNG | 1312 °C | |||
65 Tb terbium | ||||
use | 1629 K | 1356 °C | 2473 °F | |
WEL | 1629 K | 1356 °C | 2473 °F | |
CRC | 1356 °C | |||
LNG | 1356 °C | |||
66 Dy dysprosium | ||||
use | 1680 K | 1407 °C | 2565 °F | |
WEL | 1680 K | 1407 °C | 2565 °F | |
CRC | 1412 °C | |||
LNG | 1412 °C | |||
67 Ho holmium | ||||
use | 1734 K | 1461 °C | 2662 °F | |
WEL | 1734 K | 1461 °C | 2662 °F | |
CRC | 1474 °C | |||
LNG | 1474 °C | |||
68 Er erbium | ||||
use | 1802 K | 1529 °C | 2784 °F |
|
WEL | 1770 K | 1497 °C | 2727 °F | |
CRC | 1529 °C | |||
LNG | 1529 °C | |||
69 Tm thulium | ||||
use | 1818 K | 1545 °C | 2813 °F | |
WEL | 1818 K | 1545 °C | 2813 °F | |
CRC | 1545 °C | |||
LNG | 1545 °C | |||
70 Yb ytterbium | ||||
use | 1097 K | 824 °C | 1515 °F | |
WEL | 1097 K | 824 °C | 1515 °F | |
CRC | 819 °C | |||
LNG | 819 °C | |||
71 Lu lutetium | ||||
use | 1925 K | 1652 °C | 3006 °F | |
WEL | 1925 K | 1652 °C | 3006 °F | |
CRC | 1663 °C | |||
LNG | 1663 °C | |||
72 Hf hafnium | ||||
use | 2506 K | 2233 °C | 4051 °F | |
WEL | 2506 K | 2233 °C | 4051 °F | |
CRC | 2233 °C | |||
LNG | 2227 °C | |||
73 Ta tantalum | ||||
use | 3290 K | 3017 °C | 5463 °F | |
WEL | 3290 K | 3017 °C | 5463 °F | |
CRC | 3017 °C | |||
LNG | 2996 °C | |||
74 W tungsten | ||||
use | 3695 K | 3422 °C | 6192 °F | |
WEL | 3695 K | 3422 °C | 6192 °F | |
CRC | 3422 °C | |||
LNG | 3387 °C | |||
75 Re rhenium | ||||
use | 3459 K | 3186 °C | 5767 °F | |
WEL | 3459 K | 3186 °C | 5767 °F | |
CRC | 3186 °C | |||
LNG | 3180 °C | |||
76 Os osmium | ||||
use | 3306 K | 3033 °C | 5491 °F | |
WEL | 3306 K | 3033 °C | 5491 °F | |
CRC | 3033 °C | |||
LNG | 3045 °C | |||
77 Ir iridium | ||||
use | 2719 K | 2446 °C | 4435 °F | |
WEL | 2739 K | 2466 °C | 4471 °F | |
CRC | 2446 °C | |||
LNG | 2447 °C | |||
78 Pt platinum | ||||
use | 2041.4 K | 1768.3 °C | 3214.9 °F | |
WEL | 2041.4 K | 1768.3 °C | 3214.9 °F | |
CRC | 1768.4 °C | |||
LNG | 1769 °C | |||
79 Au gold | ||||
use | 1337.33 K | 1064.18 °C | 1947.52 °F | |
WEL | 1337.33 K | 1064.18 °C | 1947.52 °F | |
CRC | 1064.18 °C | |||
LNG | 1064.18 °C | |||
freezing point 1337.33 K (1064.18 °C) fixed point on ITS-90 | ||||
80 Hg mercury | ||||
use | 234.32 K | −38.83 °C | −37.89 °F | |
WEL | 234.32 K | −38.83 °C | −37.89 °F | |
CRC | tp −38.837 °C | |||
LNG | −38.83 °C | |||
81 Tl thallium | ||||
use | 577 K | 304 °C | 579 °F | |
WEL | 577 K | 304 °C | 579 °F | |
CRC | 304 °C | |||
LNG | 303.5 °C | |||
82 Pb lead | ||||
use | 600.61 K | 327.46 °C | 621.43 °F | |
WEL | 600.61 K | 327.46 °C | 621.43 °F | |
CRC | 327.46 °C | |||
LNG | 327.43 °C | |||
83 Bi bismuth | ||||
use | 544.7 K | 271.5 °C | 520.7 °F | |
WEL | 544.4 K | 271.3 °C | 520.3 °F | |
CRC | 271.40 °C | |||
LNG | 271.5 °C | |||
84 Po polonium | ||||
use | 527 K | 254 °C | 489 °F | |
WEL | 527 K | 254 °C | 489 °F | |
CRC | 254 °C | |||
LNG | 254 °C | |||
85 At astatine | ||||
WEL | 575 K | 302 °C | 576 °F | |
CRC | 302 °C | |||
LNG | 302 °C | |||
86 Rn radon | ||||
use | 202 K | −71 °C | −96 °F | |
WEL | 202 K | −71 °C | −96 °F | |
CRC | −71 °C | |||
LNG | −71 °C | |||
87 Fr francium | ||||
use | 281.0 K | 8.0 °C | 46.4 °F | |
Lavrukhina et al. | 8.0 °C | |||
CRC | 27 °C | |||
88 Ra radium | ||||
use | 973 K | 700 °C | 1292 °F | |
WEL | 973 K | 700 °C | 1292 °F | |
CRC | 700 °C | |||
LNG | 700.1 °C | |||
89 Ac actinium (Ac-227 ?) | ||||
use | circa 1323 K | circa 1050 °C | circa 1922 °F | |
WEL | 1323 K | 1050 °C | 1922 °F | |
CRC | 1051 °C | |||
LNG | 1050(50) °C | (Ac-227) | ||
90 Th thorium | ||||
use | 2115 K | 1842 °C | 3348 °F | |
WEL | 2115 K | 1842 °C | 3348 °F | |
CRC | 1750 °C | |||
LNG | 1750 °C | |||
91 Pa protactinium | ||||
use | 1841 K | 1568 °C | 2854 °F | |
WEL | 1841 K | 1568 °C | 2854 °F | |
CRC | 1572 °C | |||
92 U uranium | ||||
use | 1405.3 K | 1132.2 °C | 2070 °F | |
WEL | 1405.3 K | 1132.2 °C | 2070 °F | |
CRC | 1135 °C | |||
LNG | 1135 °C | |||
93 Np neptunium | ||||
use | 917 K | 644 °C | 1191 °F | |
WEL | 910 K | 637 °C | 1179 °F | |
CRC | 644 °C | |||
LNG | 644 °C | |||
94 Pu plutonium | ||||
use | 912.5 K | 639.4 °C | 1182.9 °F | |
WEL | 912.5 K | 639.4 °C | 1182.9 °F | |
CRC | 640 °C | |||
LNG | 639.5 °C | |||
95 Am americium | ||||
use | 1449 K | 1176 °C | 2149 °F | |
WEL | 1449 K | 1176 °C | 2149 °F | |
CRC | 1176 °C | |||
LNG | 1176 °C | |||
96 Cm curium (Cm-244 ?) | ||||
use | 1613 K | 1340 °C | 2444 °F | |
WEL | 1613 K | 1340 °C | 2444 °F | |
CRC | 1345 °C | |||
LNG | 1340 °C | (Cm-244) | ||
97 Bk berkelium (alpha) | ||||
use | 1323 K | 1050 °C | 1922 °F | |
CRC | 1050 °C | |||
LNG | 1050 °C | |||
97 Bk berkelium (beta) | ||||
use | 1259 K | 986 °C | 1807 °F | |
WEL | 1259 K | 986 °C | 1807 °F | |
CRC | 986 °C | |||
LNG | 986 °C | |||
98 Cf californium (Cf-252 ?) | ||||
use | 1173 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F | |
WEL | 1173 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F | |
CRC | 900 °C | |||
LNG | 900 °C | (Cf-252) | ||
99 Es einsteinium | ||||
use | 1133 K | 860 °C | 1580 °F | |
WEL | 1133 K | 860 °C | 1580 °F | |
CRC | 860 °C | |||
LNG | 860 °C | |||
100 Fm fermium (Fm-257 ?) | ||||
use | 1800 K | 1527 °C | 2781 °F | |
WEL | 1800 K | 1527 °C | 2781 °F | |
CRC | 1527 °C | |||
LNG | 1527 °C | (Fm-257) | ||
101 Md mendelevium | ||||
use | 1100 K | 827 °C | 1521 °F | |
WEL | 1100 K | 827 °C | 1521 °F | |
CRC | 827 °C | |||
102 No nobelium | ||||
use | 1100 K | 827 °C | 1521 °F | |
WEL | 1100 K | 827 °C | 1521 °F | |
CRC | 827 °C | |||
103 Lr lawrencium | ||||
use | 1900 K | 1627 °C | 2961 °F | |
WEL | 1900 K | 1627 °C | 2961 °F | |
CRC | 1627 °C | |||
LNG | 1627 °C |
Notes edit
- All values at standard pressure (101.325 kPa) unless noted. Triple point temperature values (marked "tp") are not valid at standard pressure.
References edit
WEL edit
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992
- G.W.C. Kaye and T.H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman, London, UK, 15th edition, 1993
Unit is K.
CRC edit
- Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). CRC Press. pp. 4.121–4.123. ISBN 978-1439855119.
Unit is °C
LNG edit
As quoted from:
- J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 3; Table 3.2 Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds
Unit is °C
Hoffer et al. edit
- Hoffer, J. K.; Gardner, W. R.; Waterfield, C. G.; Phillips, N. E. (April 1976). "Thermodynamic properties of 4He. II. The bcc phase and the P-T and VT phase diagrams below 2 K". Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 23 (1): 63–102. Bibcode:1976JLTP...23...63H. doi:10.1007/BF00117245. S2CID 120473493.
Lavrukhina et al. edit
- Lavrukhina, Avgusta Konstantinovna; Pozdnyakov, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich (1970). Analytical Chemistry of Technetium, Promethium, Astatine, and Francium. Translated by R. Kondor. Ann Arbor–Humphrey Science Publishers. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-250-39923-9.
Holman et al. edit
- Not used in this table.
- Holman, S. W.; Lawrence, R. R.; Barr, L. (1 January 1895). "Melting Points of Aluminum, Silver, Gold, Copper, and Platinum". Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 31: 218–233. doi:10.2307/20020628. JSTOR 20020628.
Table edit
Group → | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
↓ Period | |||||||||||||||||||||
① | H2 13.99 K (−259.16 °C) | He[c] | |||||||||||||||||||
② | Li453.65 K (180.50 °C) | Be1560 K (1287 °C) | B 2349 K (2076 °C) | C [d] | N2 63.23 K (−209.86 °C) | O2 54.36 K (−218.79 °C) | F2 53.48 K (−219.67 °C) | Ne24.56 K (−248.59 °C) | |||||||||||||
③ | Na370.944 K (97.794 °C) | Mg923 K (650 °C) | Al933.47 K (660.32 °C) | Si1687 K (1414 °C) | P 317.3 K (44.15 °C) | S 388.36 K (115.21 °C) | Cl2171.6 K (−101.5 °C) | Ar83.81 K (−189.34 °C) | |||||||||||||
④ | K 336.7 K (63.5 °C) | Ca1115 K (842 °C) | Sc1814 K (1541 °C) | Ti1941 K (1668 °C) | V 2183 K (1910 °C) | Cr2180 K (1907 °C) | Mn1519 K (1246 °C) | Fe1811 K (1538 °C) | Co1768 K (1495 °C) | Ni1728 K (1455 °C) | Cu1357.77 K (1084.62 °C) | Zn692.68 K (419.53 °C) | Ga302.9146 K (29.7646 °C) | Ge1211.40 K (938.25 °C) | As[e] | Se494 K (221 °C) | Br2265.8 K (−7.2 °C) | Kr115.78 K (−157.37 °C) | |||
⑤ | Rb312.45 K (39.30 °C) | Sr1050 K (777 °C) | Y 1799 K (1526 °C) | Zr2128 K (1855 °C) | Nb2750 K (2477 °C) | Mo2896 K (2623 °C) | Tc2430 K (2157 °C) | Ru2607 K (2334 °C) | Rh2237 K (1964 °C) | Pd1828.05 K (1554.9 °C) | Ag1234.93 K (961.78 °C) | Cd594.22 K (321.07 °C) | In429.7485 K (156.5985 °C) | Sn505.08 K (231.93 °C) | Sb903.78 K (630.63 °C) | Te722.66 K (449.51 °C) | I2 386.85 K (113.7 °C) | Xe161.40 K (−111.75 °C) | |||
⑥ | Cs301.7 K (28.5 °C) | Ba1000 K (727 °C) | Lu1925 K (1652 °C) | Hf2506 K (2233 °C) | Ta3290 K (3017 °C) | W 3695 K (3422 °C) | Re3459 K (3186 °C) | Os3306 K (3033 °C) | Ir2719 K (2446 °C) | Pt2041.4 K (1768.3 °C) | Au1337.33 K (1064.18 °C) | Hg234.3210 K (−38.8290 °C) | Tl577 K (304 °C) | Pb600.61 K (327.46 °C) | Bi544.7 K (271.5 °C) | Po527 K (254 °C) | At575 K (302 °C) | Rn202 K (−71 °C) | |||
⑦ | Fr300 K (27 °C) | Ra973 K (700 °C) | Lr1900 K (1627 °C) | Rf2400 K (2100 °C) | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn283±11 K (10±11 °C) | Nh700 K (430 °C) | Fl200 K (−73 °C) | Mc670 K (400 °C) | Lv637–780 K (364–507 °C) | Ts623–823 K (350–550 °C) | Og325±15 K (52±15 °C) | |||
La1193 K (920 °C) | Ce1068 K (795 °C) | Pr1208 K (935 °C) | Nd1297 K (1024 °C) | Pm1315 K (1042 °C) | Sm1345 K (1072 °C) | Eu1099 K (826 °C) | Gd1585 K (1312 °C) | Tb1629 K (1356 °C) | Dy1680 K (1407 °C) | Ho1734 K (1461 °C) | Er1802 K (1529 °C) | Tm1818 K (1545 °C) | Yb1097 K (824 °C) | ||||||||
Ac1500 K (1227 °C) | Th2023 K (1750 °C) | Pa1841 K (1568 °C) | U 1405.3 K (1132.2 °C) | Np912±3 K (639±3 °C) | Pu912.5 K (639.4 °C) | Am1449 K (1176 °C) | Cm1613 K (1340 °C) | Bk1259 K (986 °C) | Cf1173 K (900 °C) | Es1133 K (860 °C) | Fm1800 K (1527 °C) | Md1100 K (827 °C) | No1100 K (827 °C) | ||||||||
Notes | |||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
Legend Primordial From decay Synthetic Border shows natural occurrence of the element |
See also edit
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