List of villages depopulated during the Arab–Israeli conflict
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (November 2022) |
Below is a list of villages depopulated or destroyed during the Arab–Israeli conflict.
1880–1946
Arab villages
A number of these villages, those in the Jezreel Valley, were inhabited by tenants of land which was sold by a variety of owners, some local and others absentee landlord families, such as the Karkabi, Tueini, Farah and Khuri families and Sursock family of Lebanon. In some cases land was sold directly by local fellahim (peasant owners).[1] The sale of land to Jewish organizations meant that tenant farmers were displaced.[2][3][4][5][6][7]
List of Palestinian villages from which tenant farmers were uprooted before 1948, with the cause of the uprooting (i.e., sale by landlord or some other cause) given along with the name of Jewish settlements on newly acquired land (in parentheses) can be seen below.
Safed district
Acre district
Tiberias district
Nazareth district
Beisan district
Haifa district
Tulkarm district
Jerusalem district Ramla district
|
Jewish villages
1929 Palestine riots
During the 1929 Palestine riots:
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1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
During the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine:
- Kfar Shiloah[citation needed]
- Silwan Jewish population removed by the Kehillah Welfare Bureau and later the British authorities during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine[39][40][41][42]
- Kfar Etzion[citation needed]
- Hebron[citation needed]
1948 Arab–Israeli War
Arab villages
Palestinian Arab residents were expelled from hundreds of towns and villages by the Israel Defense Forces, or fled in fear as the Israeli army advanced.[citation needed] Around 400 Arab towns and villages were depopulated.
Jewish villages
The main Jewish areas depopulated in 1948 were the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem and the Gush Etzion. Approximately 30-40km2 of land was owned by Jews in the areas which became the West Bank and Gaza Strip (approximately 6,000km2); some of this land was uninhabited.[43]
- In areas that became the West Bank
- North Jerusalem bloc (Atarot and Neve Yaakov)[citation needed]
- Dead Sea block (Kalia and Beit HaArava)[citation needed]
- Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)[citation needed]
- Gush Etzion bloc[44] near Jerusalem (Ein Tzurim, Kfar Etzion, Masuot Yitzhak, Revadim)
- In areas that became Gaza Strip (All-Palestine protectorate)
- Kfar Darom (resettled but evacuated as part of the Israeli disengagement from Gaza in 2005)
- Israel-Syria border
- Hauran [citation needed]
- In Transjordan
Many of these areas were repopulated after the Six-Day War.
Six-Day War
West Bank
Three Arab villages, Bayt Nuba, Imwas and Yalo, located in the Latrun Corridor were destroyed on the orders of Yitzhak Rabin due to the corridor's strategic location and route to Jerusalem and because of the residents' alleged aiding of Egyptian commandos in their attack on the city of Lod. The residents of the three villages were offered compensation but were not allowed to return.[45]
Hebron/Bethlehem area[46]
Jordan Valley[46]
- al-Jiftlik (depopulated but soon repopulated)
- Agarith
- Huseirat
Jerusalem area[46]
In the Negev/Sinai Desert
- Auja al-Hafir – A demilitarized zone
Golan Heights
Over 100,000 Golan Heights residents were evacuated from about 25 villages whether on orders of the Syrian government or through fear of an attack by the Israeli Defense Forces and expulsion after the ceasefire.[47] During the following months, more than a hundred Syrian villages were destroyed by Israel.[48]
1979 Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty
Israeli settlements
Israeli settlements in the Sinai Peninsula were evacuated as a result of the 1979 Egypt–Israel peace treaty.
Israel's unilateral disengagement plan
As a part of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan, 21 civilian Israeli settlements were forcibly evacuated, as well as an area in the northern West Bank containing four Israeli villages. The residential buildings were razed by Israel but public structures were left intact. The religious structures not removed by Israel were later destroyed by Palestinians.
Israeli settlements
| In the Gaza Strip (all 21 settlements, as well as 1 Bedouin village): | |||
| In the West Bank (4 settlements): | |||
Since 2005
On 5 November 2020, Israeli bulldozers demolished most of the village of Khirbet Humsa al-Fawqa and forced 73 of its Palestinian residents, including 41 children to leave in what was the largest demolition in years.[54] On 4 February 2021, Israel razed for the second time because of what it claimed was an illegal settlement next to a military firing range.[55] On 7 July 2021, it was demolished by Israel again for at least the third time.[56]
In May 2023, the Israeli army destroyed the village of Ein Samiya, forcibly expelling 170 people.[57]
See also
References
Bibliography
- Avneri, Arieh L. (1984). The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-settlement and the Arabs, 1878–1948. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 0-87855-964-7.
- Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
- Grootkerk, Salomon E. (2000). Ancient sites in Galilee: a toponymic gazetteer (Illustrated ed.). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-11535-4.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre.
- Huneidi, Sahar; Khalidi, W. (2001). A Broken Trust: Herbert Samuel, Zionism and the Palestinians 1920-1925. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 1-86064-172-5.
- Kark, R.; Oren-Nordheim, Michal (2001). Jerusalem and its environs: quarters, neighborhoods, villages, 1800-1948 (Illustrated ed.). Wayne State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8143-2909-2.
- Karmon, Y. (1960). "An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine" (PDF). Israel Exploration Journal. 10 (3, 4): 155–173, 244–253. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-22. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
- Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
- Pringle, D. (1997). Secular Buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: An Archaeological Gazetter. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521-46010-7.
- Rogan, E.; Shlaim, A. (2001). The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-79476-5.
- Said, E.; Hitchens, C. (2001). Blaming the Victims: Spurious Scholarship and the Palestinian Question. Verso. p. 217. ISBN 1859843409. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
