The following is a list of stars with resolved images, that is, stars whose images have been resolved beyond a point source. Aside from the Sun, observed from Earth, stars are exceedingly small in apparent size, requiring the use of special high-resolution equipment and techniques to image. For example, Betelgeuse, the first star other than the Sun to be directly imaged, has an angular diameter of only 50 milliarcseconds (mas).[1]
List
editStar | Image | Diameter | Distance (ly) | First imager | Year | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Angular (mas) | Geometric (Sun = 1) | ||||||
Sun | ![]() | 2000000 | 1 | 0.0000158 | Louis Fizeau and Léon Foucault[2] | 1845 | |
Altair α Aql | ![]() | 3.2 | 1.66±0.01 (polar) 2.02±0.01 (equator) | 16.77±0.08 | CHARA array – MIRC[3] | 2006 | |
Rasalhague α Oph A | 1.62±0.03 | 2.39±0.01 (polar) 2.87±0.02 (equator) | 48.6±0.8 | CHARA array – MIRC[4] | 2006 | ||
Alderamin α Cep | 1.35±0.02 (polar) 1.75±0.03 (equator) | 2.20±0.04 (polar) 2.74±0.04 (equator) | 48.8±0.36 | CHARA array – MIRC[4] | 2006 | ||
Caph β Cas | 1.70±0.04 | 3.1±0.1 (polar) 3.8±0.1 (equator) | 54.7±0.3 | CHARA array – MIRC[5] | 2007 | ||
Regulus α Leo Aa | 1.24±0.02 | 3.2±0.1 (polar) 4.2±0.1 (equator) | 79.3±0.7 | CHARA array – MIRC[5] | 2008 | ||
Algol β Per Aa1 | ![]() ![]() | 0.88±0.05 | 4.13 | 93±2 | CHARA array – MIRC[6] | 2006 | stationary object in the animation |
β Per Aa2 | 1.12±0.07 | 3 | orbiting object in the animation | ||||
β Per Ab | 0.56±0.10 | 0.9 | Observed radius of Algol Ab is an instrumental artifact, caused by bandwidth smearing. Actual radius is 1.73 ± 0.33 R☉. | ||||
Alkaid η UMa | 0.834±0.060 | 2.86±0.21 | 103.9±0.8 | CHARA array[7] | 2012 | ||
Markab α Peg | 1.052±0.066 | 4.62±0.29 | 133±1 | CHARA array[7] | 2012 | ||
Elnath β Tau | 1.09±0.076 | 4.82±0.34 | 134±2 | CHARA array[7] | 2012 | ||
σ Gem A | 2.425 | 10.1±0.4 | 126±2 | CHARA array/MIRC[8] | 2011–2012 | The star contains starspots on its surface | |
ζ And Aa | 2.502±0.008 | 15.0±0.8 (polar) | 189±3 | CFHT[9][10] | 1996 | First direct imaging of starspots on a star outside the Solar System. | |
R Dor | ![]() | 57±5 | 370±50 | 204±9 | New Technology Telescope[11] | 1993 | 2nd largest known star by apparent diameter in Earth's sky, after the Sun. |
Mira ο Cet A | ![]() | 28.9–34.9[12] | 332–402[12] | 420 | Hubble – FOC[13] | 1997[citation needed] | |
T Lep | ![]() | 5.8 15 for molecular layer | 100 | 500 | Very Large Telescope – VLTI[14]/AMBER[15] | 2009[citation needed] | |
π1 Gru | ![]() | 21[16] | 370[16] | 535[16] | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/PIONIER[17] | 2017[citation needed] | First directly observed granulation patterns on a star's surface outside the Solar System. |
Antares α Sco A | ![]() | 41.3±0.1 | 680[18] | 553[19] | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/AMBER[20][21] | 2017[citation needed] | |
Betelgeuse α Ori | ![]() | 50 | 630 | 643±146 | Hubble – GHRS[1] | 1995 | First star with a resolved image outside the Solar System. |
Sheliak β Lyr Aa | ![]() | 0.46 | 6 | 960±50 | CHARA array – MIRC[22] | 2007 | Both Aa1 and Aa2 are visible in the animation. |
θ1 Ori C | ![]() | 0.2 | 10.6±1.5 | 1400 | Very Large Telescope – AMBER[23] | 2009 | In the image, the right inset is θ1 Ori C and the left inset is θ1 Ori F. |
θ1 Ori F | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/GRAVITY[24] | 2016[citation needed] | |||||
ε Aur B | 2.27 | 3.7±0.7 | ca. 2000 | CHARA array – MIRC[25] | 2009 | Supergiant with an eclipsing companion surrounded by a massive, opaque debris disk | |
RW Cephei | ![]() | 2.45 | 900–1760 | 11000+4600 −2600–22000+5200 −3300 | CHARA array – MIRC-X and MYSTIC[26] | 2022 | Hypergiant star currently undergoing a great dimming event |
HR 5171 Aa | ![]() | 4.1±0.8 | 1575±400 | 11740±1630 | Very Large Telescope – VLTI/PIONIER[27] | 2014 | Eclipsing and potential contact binary yellow hypergiant |
See also
edit- Doppler imaging which produces maps of the surfaces of stars
- Zeeman–Doppler imaging which maps the magnetic fields of stars
- List of directly imaged exoplanets
- Angular resolution
- Angular diameter
- List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs
References
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