List of prime ministers of Finland

This is a list of prime ministers of Finland since the establishment of that office in 1917.

History

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In 1918, the Finnish Senate was transformed into the Finnish Government, and the position of vice-chairman of the economic division of the Senate was transformed into the position of prime minister. Kesäranta (in Swedish Villa Bjälbo), located in the Meilahti neighborhood of Helsinki, has been the official residence of the prime minister of Finland since 1919.

Since its independence (declared on 6 December 1917), Finland has had 75 cabinets,[1] including the current one, the longest lasting being the cabinet of Prime Minister Juha Sipilä, lasting 1,469 days.[2]

Before the 1980s, cabinets tended to be short lived; the president was the most important political figure, and he had the right to form a new cabinet whenever he wanted. From the 1980s onwards, cabinets have tended to serve full terms (although the prime minister changed midterm in a few cases, most of the other cabinet members have remained nearly unchanged) and the prime minister has become more powerful a figure than the president. Under the current constitution, the prime minister is chosen by the parliament and only formally appointed by the president.

List of prime ministers

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Finnish cabinets and prime ministers are numbered sequentially. A prime minister can serve as the head of multiple cabinets. For example, Matti Vanhanen is both the 39th and the 40th prime minister.[3]

No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)
Term of officeElectionPartyCabinet
Coalition
President
(Tenure)
Took officeLeft officeDuration
1 Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1861–1944)
27 November
1917
27 May
1918
182 days1917Young Finnish1. Svinhufvud I
SPNSPMLRKP (minority)
None
2 Juho Kusti Paasikivi
(1870–1956)
27 May
1918
27 November
1918
185 daysFinnish2. Paasikivi I
SPNSPMLRKP (minority)
Regent
Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1918)
3 Lauri Ingman
(1868–1934)
27 November
1918
17 April
1919
142 daysNational Coalition3. Ingman I
KOKEDRKP
Regent
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
(1918–1919)
4 Kaarlo Castrén
(1860–1938)
17 April
1919
15 August
1919
121 days1919National Progressive4. K. Castrén
MLEDRKP (minority)
Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg
(1919–1925)
5 Juho Vennola
(1872–1938)
15 August
1919
15 March
1920
214 daysNational Progressive5. Vennola I
MLED (minority)
6 Rafael Erich
(1879–1946)
15 March
1920
9 April
1921
1 year, 26 daysNational Coalition6. Erich
KOKMLEDRKP
(5) Juho Vennola
(1872–1938)
9 April
1921
2 June
1922
1 year, 55 daysNational Progressive7. Vennola II
MLED (minority)
7 Aimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
2 June
1922
14 November
1922
166 days1922Independent8. Cajander I
(caretaker)
8 Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
14 November
1922
18 January
1924
1 year, 66 daysAgrarian9. Kallio I
MLED (minority)
(7) Aimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
18 January
1924
31 May
1924
135 daysIndependent10. Cajander II
(caretaker)
(3) Lauri Ingman
(1868–1934)
31 May
1924
31 March
1925
305 days1924National Coalition11. Ingman II
KOKMLEDRKP
Lauri Kristian Relander
(1925–1931)
9 Antti Tulenheimo
(1879–1952)
31 March
1925
31 December
1925
276 daysNational Coalition12. Tulenheimo
KOKML (minority)
(8) Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
31 December
1925
13 December
1926
348 daysAgrarian13. Kallio II
MLKOK (minority)
10 Väinö Tanner
(1881–1966)
13 December
1926
17 December
1927
1 year, 5 daysSocial Democratic14. Tanner
SDP (minority)
11 Juho Sunila
(1875–1936)
17 December
1927
22 December
1928
1 year, 6 days1927Agrarian15. Sunila I
ML (minority)
12 Oskari Mantere
(1874–1942)
22 December
1928
16 August
1929
238 daysNational Progressive16. Mantere
ED (minority)
(8) Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
16 August
1929
4 July
1930
323 days1929Agrarian17. Kallio III
ML (minority)
(1) Pehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1861–1944)
4 July
1930
18 February
1931
230 daysNational Coalition18. Svinhufvud II
MLKOKEDRKP
1930
Juho Vennola
(1872–1938)
Interim Prime Minister
18 February
1931
21 March
1931
32 daysNational ProgressivePehr Evind Svinhufvud
(1931–1937)
(11) Juho Sunila
(1875–1936)
21 March
1931
14 December
1932
1 year, 269 daysAgrarian19. Sunila II
MLKOKEDRKP
13 Toivo Mikael Kivimäki
(1886–1968)
14 December
1932
7 October
1936
3 years, 298 daysNational Progressive20. Kivimäki
MLEDRKP (minority)
1933
(8) Kyösti Kallio
(1873–1940)
7 October
1936
17 February
1937
134 days1936Agrarian21. Kallio IV
MLED (minority)
Rudolf Holsti
(1881–1945)
Interim Prime Minister
17 February
1937
12 March
1937
24 daysNational ProgressiveKyösti Kallio
(1937–1940)
(7) Aimo Cajander
(1879–1943)
12 March
1937
1 December
1939
2 years, 265 daysNational Progressive22. Cajander III
SDPMLEDRKP
1939
14 Risto Ryti
(1889–1956)
1 December
1939
19 December
1940
1 year, 19 daysNational Progressive23. Ryti I
SDPMLEDRKP
24. Ryti I
SDPMLKOKEDRKP
Rudolf Walden
(1878–1946)
Interim Prime Minister
19 December
1940
4 January
1941
17 daysIndependentRisto Ryti
(1940–1944)
15 Johan Wilhelm Rangell
(1894–1982)
4 January
1941
5 March
1943
2 years, 61 daysNational Progressive25. Rangell
SDPMLKOKRKPEDIKL
16 Edwin Linkomies
(1894–1963)
5 March
1943
8 August
1944
1 year, 157 daysNational Coalition26. Linkomies
KOKSDPMLRKPED
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
(1944–1946)
17 Antti Hackzell
(1881–1946)
8 August
1944
21 September
1944
45 daysIndependent27. Hackzell
KOKSDPMLRKPED
18 Urho Castrén
(1886–1965)
21 September
1944
17 November
1944
58 daysNational Coalition28. U. Castrén
KOKSDPMLRKPED
(2) Juho Kusti Paasikivi
(1870–1956)
17 November
1944
9 March
1946
1 year, 113 daysNational Coalition29. Paasikivi II
SDPSKDLMLKOKRKPED
194530. Paasikivi III
SDPSKDLMLEDRKP
Carl Enckell
(1876–1959)
Interim Prime Minister
9 March
1946
26 March
1946
18 daysIndependent
Juho Kusti Paasikivi
(1946–1956)
19 Mauno Pekkala
(1890–1952)
26 March
1946
29 July
1948
2 years, 126 daysSKDL31. Pekkala
SKDLSDPMLRKP
20 Karl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
29 July
1948
17 March
1950
1 year, 232 days1948Social Democratic32. Fagerholm I
SDP (minority)
21 Urho Kekkonen
(1900–1986)
17 March
1950
17 November
1953
3 years, 246 daysAgrarian33. Kekkonen I
MLRKPED (minority)
34. Kekkonen II
MLSDPRKPED
195135. Kekkonen III
MLSDPRKP
36. Kekkonen IV
MLRKP (minority)
22 Sakari Tuomioja
(1911–1964)
17 November
1953
5 May
1954
170 daysIndependent37. Tuomioja
(caretaker)
23 Ralf Törngren
(1899–1961)
5 May
1954
20 October
1954
169 days1954Swedish People's38. Törngren
SDPMLRKP
(21) Urho Kekkonen
(1900–1986)
20 October
1954
3 March
1956
1 year, 136 daysAgrarian39. Kekkonen V
MLSDP
(20) Karl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
3 March
1956
27 May
1957
1 year, 86 daysSocial Democratic40. Fagerholm II
SDPMLRKP
Urho Kekkonen
(1956–1982)
24 V. J. Sukselainen
(1906–1995)
27 May
1957
29 November
1957
187 daysAgrarian41. Sukselainen I
MLRKPSDPKPTPSL
25 Rainer von Fieandt
(1890–1972)
29 November
1957
26 April
1958
149 daysIndependent42. von Fieandt
(caretaker)
26 Reino Kuuskoski
(1907–1965)
26 April
1958
29 August
1958
126 daysIndependent43. Kuuskoski
(caretaker)
(20) Karl-August Fagerholm
(1901–1984)
29 August
1958
13 January
1959
138 days1958Social Democratic44. Fagerholm III
SDPMLKOKRKPKP
(24) V. J. Sukselainen
(1906–1995)
13 January
1959
3 July
1961
2 years, 183 daysAgrarian45. Sukselainen II
MLRKP (minority)
Eemil Luukka
(1892–1970)
Interim Prime Minister
3 July
1961
14 July
1961
12 daysAgrarian
27 Martti Miettunen
(1907–2002)
14 July
1961
13 April
1962
274 daysAgrarian46. Miettunen I
ML (minority)
28 Ahti Karjalainen
(1923–1990)
13 April
1962
18 December
1963
1 year, 250 days1962Agrarian47. Karjalainen I
MLKOKRKPKPSDP
29 Reino Ragnar Lehto
(1898–1966)
18 December
1963
12 September
1964
270 daysIndependent48. Lehto
(caretaker)
30 Johannes Virolainen
(1914–2000)
12 September
1964
27 May
1966
1 year, 258 daysAgrarian49. Virolainen
MLKOKRKPKP
31 Rafael Paasio
(1903–1980)
27 May
1966
22 March
1968
1 year, 301 days1966Social Democratic50. Paasio I
SDPKESKSKDLTPSL
32 Mauno Koivisto
(1923–2017)
22 March
1968
14 May
1970
2 years, 54 daysSocial Democratic51. Koivisto I
SDPKESKSKDLTPSLRKP
33 Teuvo Aura
(1912–1999)
14 May
1970
15 July
1970
63 daysIndependent52. Aura I
(caretaker)
(28) Ahti Karjalainen
(1923–1990)
15 July
1970
29 October
1971
1 year, 107 days1970Centre53. Karjalainen II
KESKSDPSKDLRKPLKP
(33) Teuvo Aura
(1912–1999)
29 October
1971
23 February
1972
118 daysIndependent54. Aura II
(caretaker)
(31) Rafael Paasio
(1903–1980)
23 February
1972
4 September
1972
195 days1972Social Democratic55. Paasio II
SDP (minority)
34 Kalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
4 September
1972
13 June
1975
2 years, 283 daysSocial Democratic56. Sorsa I
SDPKESKRKPLKP
35 Keijo Liinamaa
(1929–1980)
13 June
1975
30 November
1975
171 daysIndependent57. Liinamaa
(caretaker)
(27) Martti Miettunen
(1907–2002)
30 November
1975
15 May
1977
1 year, 167 days1975Centre58. Miettunen II
KESKRKPLKP (minority)
59. Miettunen III
KESKRKPLKP
(34) Kalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
15 May
1977
26 May
1979
2 years, 12 daysSocial Democratic60. Sorsa II
SDPKESKSKDLRKPLKP
(32) Mauno Koivisto
(1923–2017)
26 May
1979
27 October
1981
2 years, 155 days1979Social Democratic61. Koivisto II
SDPKESKSKDLRKP
Eino Uusitalo
(1924–2015)
Interim Prime Minister
27 October
1981
19 February
1982
117 daysCentreMauno Koivisto
(1982–1994)
(34) Kalevi Sorsa
(1930–2004)
19 February
1982
30 April
1987
5 years, 71 daysSocial Democratic62. Sorsa III
SDPKESKSKDLRKPLKP
198363. Sorsa IV
SDPKESKRKPSMP
36 Harri Holkeri
(1937–2011)
30 April
1987
26 April
1991
3 years, 362 days1987National Coalition64. Holkeri
KOKSDPRKPSMP
37 Esko Aho
(born 1954)
26 April
1991
13 April
1995
3 years, 353 days1991Centre65. Aho
KESKKOKRKPSKL
Martti Ahtisaari
(1994–2000)
38 Paavo Lipponen
(born 1941)
13 April
1995
17 April
2003
8 years, 5 days1995Social Democratic66. Lipponen I
SDPKOKRKPVASVIHR
199967. Lipponen II
SDPKOKRKPVASVIHR
Tarja Halonen
(2000–2012)
39 Anneli Jäätteenmäki
(born 1955)
17 April
2003
24 June
2003
69 days2003Centre68. Jäätteenmäki
KESKSDPRKP
40 Matti Vanhanen
(born 1955)
24 June
2003
22 June
2010
6 years, 364 daysCentre69. Vanhanen I
KESKSDPRKP
200770. Vanhanen II
KESKKOKRKPVIHR
41 Mari Kiviniemi
(born 1968)
22 June
2010
22 June
2011
1 year, 1 dayCentre71. Kiviniemi
KESKKOKRKPVIHR
42 Jyrki Katainen
(born 1971)
22 June
2011
24 June
2014
3 years, 3 days2011National Coalition72. Katainen
KOKSDPRKPVASVIHRKD
Sauli Niinistö
(2012–2024)
43 Alexander Stubb
(born 1968)
24 June
2014
29 May
2015
340 daysNational Coalition73. Stubb
KOKSDPRKPVIHRKD
44 Juha Sipilä
(born 1961)
29 May
2015
6 June
2019
4 years, 9 days2015Centre74. Sipilä
KESKPSKOK
45 Antti Rinne
(born 1962)
6 June
2019
10 December
2019
188 days2019Social Democratic75. Rinne
SDPKESKVIHRVASRKP
46 Sanna Marin
(born 1985)
10 December
2019
20 June
2023
3 years, 193 daysSocial Democratic76. Marin
SDPKESKVIHRVASRKP
47 Petteri Orpo
(born 1969)
20 June
2023
Incumbent

365 days

2023National Coalition77. Orpo
KOKPSRKPKD
Alexander Stubb
(since 2024)

Timeline

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Petteri OrpoSanna MarinAntti RinneJuha SipiläAlexander StubbJyrki KatainenMari KiviniemiMatti VanhanenAnneli JäätteenmäkiPaavo LipponenEsko AhoHarri HolkeriEino UusitaloKeijo LiinamaaKalevi SorsaTeuvo AuraMauno KoivistoRafael PaasioJohannes VirolainenReino Ragnar LehtoAhti KarjalainenMartti MiettunenEemil LuukkaReino KuuskoskiRainer von FieandtV. J. SukselainenRalf TörngrenSakari TuomiojaUrho KekkonenKarl-August FagerholmMauno PekkalaCarl EnckellUrho CastrénAntti HackzellEdwin LinkomiesJohan Wilhelm RangellRudolf WaldenRisto RytiRudolf HolstiToivo Mikael KivimäkiOskari MantereJuho SunilaVäinö TannerAntti TulenheimoKyösti KallioAimo CajanderRafael ErichJuho VennolaKaarlo CastrénLauri IngmanJuho Kusti PaasikiviPehr Evind Svinhufvud

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Finnish Council of State. "The Cabinet in Office". Finnish Council of State. Archived from the original on November 13, 2010. Retrieved June 23, 2010.
  2. ^ "Juha Sipilän hallituksesta tulee kaikkien aikojen pitkäikäisin" (in Finnish). Ilta-Sanomat. 2019-04-09. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
  3. ^ "Governments in chronological order". Finnish government (Valtioneuvosto). Retrieved 27 March 2017.
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