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List of finds in Egyptian pyramids

See also: List of Egyptian pyramids

List of finds in the substructures or interiors of Egyptian pyramids that have been explored and still contained notable findings in modern times. An absence of documented finds does not imply nothing was ever found.

Pyramids not listed have either not been located or explored (e.g.: due to flooding or collapse), have no substructure, were fully looted, or contained nothing of note.

DynPyramid namesSarcophagi / CoffinsHuman remainsCanopic jars and chestsWall DecorationsOther noteworthy finds, sources
Old Kingdom
3rdPyramid of DjoserSquare granite vaultMummy parts (later burial)Gallery: 3 false doors with faience tiles, inscribed door frames[1][2][3]
Eastern shafts and galleries2 alabaster sarcophagi, fragments of othersHip bone of a young woman, set of female remains predating DjoserUndecoratedSeal impression of Djoser's Horus name, 40,000 stone vessels (primarily Alabaster), most made before Djoser[1][4][3]
3rdBuried PyramidAlabaster sarcophagus (with side opening)UndecoratedBark and decomposed wood found on top of sarcophagus[5][6]
4thMeidum PyramidPieces of wooden coffinUndecoratedCedar logs embedded in masonry[7][8]
4thBent PyramidUndecoratedWood plank still holding back blocking stone, cedar logs[7][9]
4thRed PyramidFragments of human remainsUndecorated[10]
4thGreat Pyramid of GizaGranite sarcophagus, lid missingUndecoratedQueen's Chamber Air-Shafts: diorite ball, copper "hook", cedar plank

Relieving Chambers: Hieroglyphic graffiti - incl. Khufu's names spelled out multiple times[11][12][13]

Queen's pyramid GI-aRecess for sarcophagus, basalt fragmentsPieces of boneUndecorated[14][15]
Queen's pyramid GI-bBroken wood coffins (later burials)12 or 13 skulls, bones (later burials)UndecoratedBronze armlet, with a piece of brown stone shaped like part of a female hand[14][15]
4thPyramid of DjedefreInscribed stone fragments, copper axe blade, worker graffiti including Djedefre's cartouche[16][17]
Queen's pyramidLimestone sarcophagus fragments2 lids possibly from canopic jarsUndecoratedLarge alabaster vessel, pottery fragments, faience tiles, large Egyptian alabaster plate inscribed with the Horus name of Khufu (Djedefre's father)[18]
4thPyramid of KhafreGranite sarcophagus with lidPit for canopic chestUndecoratedBull bones found inside sarcophagus (probably later addition)[14]
Subsidiary pyramidUndecoratedWooden shrine (nah netjer) in niche that had been ritually destroyed.[19]
4thPyramid of MenkaureBasalt sarcophagus with palace facade;

Later burial: wooden anthropoid coffin inscribed with Menkaure's name

Bones of a woman with pieces of clothing (later burial)Paneled chamber: stylized false door motifs, lintel in reed-mat form[15][20][3][21]
Queen's pyramid GIII-aGranite sarcophagusUndecoratedPieces of pottery[14]
Queen's pyramid GIII-bGranite sarcophagusJawbone of a young woman, fragments of bonesUndecoratedDecayed wood, roof slab inscription containing cartouche of Menkaure[14]
5thPyramid of UserkafBasalt sarcophagus fragmentsUndecorated[22]
5thPyramid of SahureBasalt sarcophagus fragmentsUndecorated[23]
5thPyramid of Khentkaus IIGranite sarcophagus fragmentsUndecoratedMummy wrappings, alabaster pottery[citation needed]
5thPyramid of NeferefreGranite sarcophagus fragments6 pieces of mummified remains

of a young man (incl. hand, clavicle, fibula)

Pieces of 4

canopic jars

UndecoratedAlabaster pottery[3]
5thLepsius XXIV PyramidGranite sarcophagus fragmentsDamaged mummy of a young womanAlabaster

canopic jars

UndecoratedRemains of burial equipment: models of alabaster vessels.

copper tools used for the ritual of the opening of the mouth ritual

5th?Double Pyramid (east)Scanty remains of a female burialFragments of limestone

canopic jars

UndecoratedModel vessels of alabaster, model chisels of copper and shards of pottery.
Double Pyramid (west)Tiny fragments of a female burialUndecoratedRemnants of the burial equipment, a model vessel of alabaster, several corroded model vessels

and instruments of copper.

5thHeadless PyramidBroken sarcophagus lidUndecorated[24]
5thPyramid of Djedkare IsesiBasalt sarcophagus fragmentsMummified remains of an old manNiche for canopic chestUndecoratedBroken pottery, faience bead on a gold filament[25][3]
5thPyramid of UnasGreywacke sarcophagusMummied remains of a human

(incl. right arm, skull and shinbone)

Pyramid Texts, rich deorationsWooden handles of two knives[26]
6thPyramid of TetiGreywacke sarcophagus

with inscriptions on the inside

Mummified remains of a human

(incl. arm and shoulder blade)

Canopic jar containing

viscera

Pyramid TextsClub heads inscribed with the pharaoh's name[27]
Queen's pyramid of Iput (mastaba transformed to pyramid by Pepi I)Cedar coffin in limestone sarcophagusIput's intact remains5 crude canopic jarsPyramid TextsJewelry on mummy, model vessels of alabaster, pottery and copper, alabaster slabs inscribed with names of sacred oils, model gilded copper tools[28]
6thPyramid of Pepi IInscribed black stone sarcophagusMummy fragmentGranite canopic chest,

1 intact alabaster canopic

jar and fragments of others, viscera

Pyramid TextsSandal (of Pepi), flint knife, inscribed linen, 2 fragments of a thin gold plate (the body rested on), 2 scraps of a loincloth[29]
Queen's pyramid of NebuunetGranite sarcophagus fragmentsCylindrical wooden weight, wooden ostrich feather, inscribed alabaster tablets
Queen's pyramid of Inenek-IntiGreywacke sarcopagusPottery
Western pyramidGranite sarcophagus fragmentsWooden weights, ostrich feathers, copper fish hooks, fired-clay vessels
Queen's pyramid of Pyramid of Meritites IVGeywacke sarcophagus fragmentsQueen's titulary on hallway wallsWooden fragments inscribed with formulas of the pyramid texts
Queen's pyramid of Ankhesenpepi IIBasalt sarcophagus with inscribed titularyBone fragments of the arm, leg and foot of adult womanPyramid Texts
Queen's pyramid of Ankhesenpepi IIISandstone Sarcophagus with Granite Lid, inscribed with name and titularyBone fragmentsPalace facade decoration
Queen's pyramid of BehenuSarcophagus fragmentsInscribed and decorated
6thPyramid of MerenreBasalt sarcophagus with lid and traces of gildingMummy of young man (possibly later burial)Granite canopic chest with lidPyramid Texts2 alabaster vessels[30]
6thPyramid of Pepi IIGreywacke sarcophagus with lid, inscribed with Pepi II's titularyGranite canopic chest lid, niche for chestPyramid Texts, niche pattern, false doors topped with King's nameFragments of alabaster and diorite vases, golden spatula[31][32]
Queen's pyramid of NeithGranite sarcophagusGranite canopic chestPyramid Texts, starred ceilingDescending passage: granite false door, burial chamber: miniature (inscribed) bronze tableware, stone vases[33][34]
Queen's pyramid of NeithFragments of pottery, 3 alabaster vessels[34]
Queen's pyramid of Iput II (and Ankhesenpepi IV)Granite sarcophagus of Queen Ankhesenpepi IV inscribed with Annals of the 6th dynastyPyramid Texts
Queen's pyramid of UdjebtenPyramid Texts
DynPyramid namesSarcophagi / CoffinsHuman remainsCanopic jars and chestsWall DecorationsOther noteworthy finds, sources
First Intermediate Period
8thPyramid of Qakare IbiGranite monolith once held sarcophagusPyramid Texts
Middle Kingdom
11thPyramid of ReherishefnakhtSarcophagus inscribed with Coffin TextsPyramid Texts[35]
12thQueen's pyramid 3 of Senusret IQuartzite sarcophagus,

remains of gilded, wooden Coffin

Bone fragmentsBroken but complete canopic chestUndecoratedDeteriorated wooden staff[36]
12thPyramid of Senusret IIGranite sarcophagusLeg bonesUndecoratedAlabaster offering table inscribed with the pharaoh's name, gold uraeus[37]
12thPyramid of Senusret IIIGranite sarcophagus with palace facadeUndecoratedPottery vases, broken bronze dagger with ivory handle[38]
Queen's pyramid of Nofrethenut2 sarcophagi, one inscribed with titularyUndecorated
Queen's pyramid of ItakaytSarcophagusCanopic chest, two canopic jarsUndecorated
12thPyramid of Amenemhat III (Dashur)Decorated granite sarcophagusChambers for queens (or daughters): 6 mummies found totalUnused canopic chest for the kingUndecorated(Substructure was collapsing, pyramid not used for the king)[39]
Burial chamber of AatSarcophagusMummy of AatCanopic chest, 1 canopic jarUndecorated2 mace heads, 7 duck-shaped alabaster cases, alabaster unguent jar, pieces of jewelry[39]
Burial chamber of ChenmetneferhedjetSarcophagusMummy of ChenmetneferhedjetUndecorated
Burial chamber of unknown queenUndecoratedObsidian vase with gold bands, 3 duck-shaped alabaster vessels, granite and alabaster mace heads, jewelry
12thPyramid of Amenemhat III (Hawara)Quartzite sarcophagusBone fragments2 canopic chestsUndecoratedAlabaster offering table, duck-shaped bowls in baring the name of his Amenemhat III's Queen Neferu-ptah[40]
12thSouthern Mazghuna pyramidGranite sarcophagusUndecorated3 limestone lamps, duck-shaped alabaster vessel[41]
Second Intermediate Period
13thPyramid of Ameny QemauGreat quartzite monolith with separate cavities for the mummy, and the canopic equipment4 broken calcite canopic jars inscribed with the pharaoh's nameUndecorated[42]

Gallery edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Lauer, Jean-Philippe (1939). La pyramide à degrés 3 Compléments.
  2. ^ Lehner 1997, pp. 87–90.
  3. ^ a b c d e STROUHAL; VYHNÁNEK; GABALLAH; SAUNDERS; WOELFLI; BONANI; NĚMEČKOVÁ (2001). Identification of royal skeletal remains from Egyptian pyramids. S2CID 164018005.
  4. ^ Lehner (1997), pp. 87–90
  5. ^ Goneim, M. Zakaria (1956). The buried pyramid.
  6. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 94.
  7. ^ a b Petrie, Flinders (1892). Medum.
  8. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 98.
  9. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 103.
  10. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 105
  11. ^ Perring, John Shae (1839). The pyramids of Gizeh: from actual survey and admeasurement (Band 1): The great pyramid. doi:10.11588/DIGLIT.3557.
  12. ^ "Dixon Artefacts".
  13. ^ "Missing 5,000-year-old piece of Great Pyramid puzzle discovered in cigar box in Aberdeen".
  14. ^ a b c d e Perring, John Shae (1840). The pyramids of Gizeh: from actual survey and admeasurement (Band 2): The second and third pyramids. doi:10.11588/DIGLIT.3558.
  15. ^ a b c Vyse (1840), pp. 77–95
  16. ^ Grimal, Nicolas (1997). "Travaux de l'Institut françaisd'archéologie orientaleen 1996 -1997". Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale. 97: 313–429.
  17. ^ Grimal, Nicolas (1999). "Travaux de l'Institut françaisd'archéologie orientaleen 1998 -1999". Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale. 99: 447–566.
  18. ^ "Pyramid Discovered at Abu Rowash".
  19. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 126.
  20. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 135-136.
  21. ^ "Wood coffin found in the Pyramid of Menkaure".
  22. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 140.
  23. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 142.
  24. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 165.
  25. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 153
  26. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 154-155
  27. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 156-157
  28. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 157
  29. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 158
  30. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 160
  31. ^ Maspero (1890). "La pyramide du roi Pépi II". Recueil de travaux relatifs à la philologie et à l'archéologie égyptiennes et assyriennes: Pour servir de bulletin à la Mission Française du Caire: 53–95.
  32. ^ Lehner (1997), p. 162
  33. ^ "CAMPAGNE 2016".
  34. ^ a b Lehner (1997), p. 163
  35. ^ "La Pyramide de Rêhérychefnakht". Archived from the original on 6 June 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  36. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 173.
  37. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 175.
  38. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 177.
  39. ^ a b Lehner 1997, p. 180.
  40. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 182.
  41. ^ Lehner 1997, p. 184.
  42. ^ Swelin, Nabil; Dodson, Aidan (1998). "On the Pyramid of Ameny-Qemau and its Canopic Equipment" (PDF). Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Abteilung Kairo. 54: 319–334, Plates 54 & 55.

Bibliography edit

Further reading edit

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