List of federal judges appointed by Theodore Roosevelt

Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Theodore Roosevelt during his presidency.[1] In total Roosevelt appointed 80 Article III federal judges, a record for his day surpassing the 46 appointed by Ulysses S. Grant. These included 3 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States, 19 judges to the United States Courts of Appeals, and 58 judges to the United States district courts.

President Theodore Roosevelt.

Five of Roosevelt's appointees - George Bethune Adams, Thomas H. Anderson, and Robert W. Archbald, Andrew McConnell January Cochran, and Benjamin Franklin Keller, were originally placed on their respective courts as recess appointments by President William McKinley. Following the assassination which resulted in McKinley's death on September 14, 1901, Roosevelt chose to formally nominate those judges for confirmation by the United States Senate, and all were confirmed.

Additionally, 9 Article I appointments are listed, including 5 judges to the United States Court of Claims and 4 members to the Board of General Appraisers (later the United States Customs Court).

From the establishment of the United States courts of appeals on June 16, 1891, until the abolition of the United States circuit courts on December 31, 1911, all United States Circuit Judges where jointly appointed to both the United States court of appeal and the United States circuit court for their respective circuit. Starting January 1, 1912, United States Circuit Judges served only on the United States court of appeal for their respective circuit.

United States Supreme Court justices

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#JusticeSeatStateFormer justiceNomination
date
Confirmation
date
Began
active service
Ended
active service
1Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.2MassachusettsHorace GrayDecember 2, 1902December 4, 1902December 4, 1902January 12, 1932
2William R. Day10OhioGeorge Shiras Jr.February 19, 1903February 23, 1903February 23, 1903November 13, 1922
3William Henry Moody4MassachusettsHenry Billings BrownDecember 3, 1906December 12, 1906December 12, 1906November 20, 1910

Courts of appeals and circuit courts

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The United States circuit courts were abolished on January 1, 1912, the final day of service being December 31, 1911. The United States circuit court in the District of Columbia was abolished in 1863. Therefore, those individuals who served in the D.C. Circuit served only on the Court of Appeals and had no Circuit Court service.

#JudgeCircuitNomination
date
Confirmation
date
Began active
service
Ended active
service
Ended senior
status
1Francis E. BakerSeventhDecember 11, 1901January 21, 1902January 21, 1902March 15, 1924
2William Kneeland TownsendSecondJanuary 15, 1902January 21, 1902January 21, 1902June 2, 1907
3Alfred Conkling Coxe Sr.SecondMay 29, 1902June 3, 1902June 3, 1902July 31, 1917
4Willis Van DevanterEighthFebruary 4, 1903February 18, 1903February 18, 1903December 16, 1910Elevated
5John K. RichardsSixthFebruary 19, 1903February 23, 1903February 23, 1903March 1, 1909
6William Cather HookEighthNovember 10, 1903November 17, 1903November 17, 1903August 11, 1921
7Jeter Connelly PritchardFourthApril 27, 1904April 27, 1904April 27, 1904April 10, 1921
8Charles Holland DuellD.C.December 16, 1904January 5, 1905January 5, 1905August 31, 1906
9Seth ShepardD.C.December 16, 1904January 5, 1905January 5, 1905[2]September 30, 1917
10Francis Cabot LowellFirstFebruary 15, 1905February 23, 1905February 23, 1905March 6, 1911
11William Henry SeamanSeventhFebruary 25, 1905March 1, 1905March 1, 1905March 8, 1915
12Christian Cecil KohlsaatSeventhMarch 18, 1905March 18, 1905March 18, 1905May 11, 1918
13Elmer B. AdamsEighthDecember 5, 1905December 12, 1905May 20, 1905[3]October 24, 1916
14Louis E. McComasD.C.December 5, 1905December 6, 1905June 26, 1905[4]November 10, 1907
15Joseph BuffingtonThirdDecember 3, 1906December 11, 1906September 25, 1906[5]June 1, 1938October 21, 1947
16Charles Henry RobbD.C.December 3, 1906December 11, 1906October 5, 1906[5]November 15, 1937June 10, 1939
17Henry Galbraith WardSecondDecember 3, 1907December 17, 1907May 18, 1907[6]June 30, 1921October 31, 1924
18Walter Chadwick NoyesSecondDecember 3, 1907December 10, 1907September 18, 1907[7]July 1, 1913
19Josiah Alexander Van OrsdelD.C.December 3, 1907December 12, 1907November 14, 1907[8]August 7, 1937

District courts

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#JudgeCourt
[Note 1]
Nomination
date
Confirmation
date
Began active
service
Ended active
service
Ended senior
status
1Robert W. ArchbaldM.D. Pa.December 5, 1901December 17, 1901March 29, 1901[9]February 1, 1911Elevated
2Thomas H. AndersonD.D.C.December 5, 1901February 4, 1902April 23, 1901[10]October 1, 1916
3Andrew McConnell January CochranE.D. Ky.December 5, 1901December 17, 1901April 24, 1901[9]June 12, 1934
4Benjamin Franklin KellerS.D. W. Va.December 5, 1901December 17, 1901June 18, 1901[9]August 8, 1921
5George B. AdamsS.D.N.Y.December 5, 1901December 17, 1901August 30, 1901[9]October 9, 1911
6Thomas G. JonesM.D. Ala.
N.D. Ala.
December 5, 1901December 17, 1901October 7, 1901[11]April 28, 1914
7Henry C. McDowell Jr.W.D. Va.December 5, 1901December 18, 1901November 12, 1901[12]September 1, 1931October 8, 1933
8James Perry PlattD. Conn.February 18, 1902February 28, 1902February 28, 1902January 26, 1913
9Waller Thomas BurnsS.D. Tex.April 12, 1902April 24, 1902April 22, 1902November 17, 1917
10Clarence HaleD. Me.May 13, 1902May 19, 1902May 19, 1902January 1, 1922April 9, 1934
11George W. RayN.D.N.YDecember 2, 1902December 8, 1902September 12, 1902[13]January 10, 1925
12Albert B. AndersonD. Ind.December 8, 1902December 8, 1902December 8, 1902January 13, 1925Elevated
13Ashley Mulgrave GouldD.D.C.December 2, 1902December 8, 1902December 8, 1902May 20, 1921
14George Chandler HoltS.D.N.Y.March 2, 1903March 3, 1903March 3, 1903January 16, 1914
15Page MorrisD. Minn.February 19, 1903[Rn 1]March 9, 1903March 9, 1903June 30, 1923December 16, 1924
16Harry M. ClabaughD.D.C.November 10, 1903November 16, 1903April 1, 1903[14][15]March 6, 1914
17Jeter Connelly PritchardD.D.C.November 10, 1903November 16, 1903November 16, 1903June 1, 1904Elevated
18Daniel Thew WrightD.D.C.November 10, 1903November 17, 1903November 17, 1903November 15, 1914
19John Calvin PollockD. Kan.November 25, 1903December 1, 1903December 1, 1903January 24, 1937
20Henry Thomas ReedN.D. IowaMarch 5, 1904March 7, 1904March 7, 1904November 30, 1921February 22, 1924
21James Buchanan HollandE.D. Pa.April 14, 1904April 19, 1904April 19, 1904April 24, 1914
22William Henry HuntD. Mont.April 14, 1904April 19, 1904April 19, 1904March 30, 1910Elevated
23William M. LanningD.N.J.December 6, 1904December 13, 1904June 1, 1904[16]May 24, 1909Elevated
24Wendell Phillips StaffordD.D.C.December 6, 1904December 13, 1904June 1, 1904[16]May 4, 1931
25Arthur Loomis SanbornW.D. Wis.January 6, 1905January 9, 1905January 9, 1905October 18, 1920
26Robert Walker TaylerN.D. OhioJanuary 6, 1905January 10, 1905January 10, 1905November 25, 1910
27John E. McCallW.D. Tenn.January 9, 1905January 17, 1905January 17, 1905August 8, 1920
28Frederic DodgeD. Mass.February 15, 1905February 23, 1905February 23, 1905September 10, 1912Elevated
29Joseph V. QuarlesE.D. Wis.February 25, 1905[Rn 2]March 6, 1905March 6, 1905October 7, 1911
30Alston G. DaytonN.D. W. Va.March 7, 1905March 14, 1905March 14, 1905July 30, 1920
31Edward WhitsonE.D. Wash.March 10, 1905March 14, 1905March 14, 1905October 15, 1910
32Joseph CrossD.N.J.March 13, 1905March 17, 1905March 17, 1905October 29, 1913
33Francis Marion WrightE.D. Ill.March 14, 1905March 17, 1905March 17, 1905July 15, 1917
34Solomon H. BetheaN.D. Ill.March 18, 1905March 18, 1905March 18, 1905August 3, 1909
35Kenesaw Mountain LandisN.D. Ill.March 18, 1905March 18, 1905March 18, 1905February 28, 1922
36Gustavus A. FinkelnburgE.D. Mo.December 5, 1905December 12, 1905May 20, 1905[3]March 31, 1907
37Charles E. WolvertonD. Ore.December 5, 1905January 10, 1906November 20, 1905[17]September 21, 1926
38Robert E. LewisD. Colo.April 9, 1906April 10, 1906April 10, 1906December 1, 1921Elevated
39Charles Merrill HoughS.D.N.Y.June 20, 1906June 27, 1906June 27, 1906September 5, 1916Elevated
40Nathaniel EwingW.D. Pa.December 3, 1906December 11, 1906September 25, 1906[5]January 31, 1908
41James Loren MartinD. Vt.December 3, 1906December 11, 1906October 20, 1906[5]January 14, 1915
42Loyal Edwin KnappenW.D. Mich.December 3, 1906December 10, 1906December 10, 1906February 8, 1910Elevated
43Thomas ChatfieldE.D.N.Y.December 10, 1906[Rn 3]January 9, 1907January 9, 1907December 24, 1922
44Edward Silsby FarringtonD. Nev.December 19, 1906January 10, 1907January 10, 1907April 30, 1928August 31, 1929
45Eugene Davis SaundersE.D. La.February 11, 1907February 20, 1907February 20, 1907February 8, 1909
46David Patterson DyerE.D. Mo.February 27, 1907March 1, 1907March 1, 1907November 3, 1919April 29, 1924
47Thomas Charles MungerD. Neb.February 27, 1907March 1, 1907March 1, 1907July 31, 1941November 29, 1941
48John Elbert SaterS.D. OhioDecember 3, 1907March 18, 1907[18]May 30, 1908
48.1John Elbert SaterS.D. OhioDecember 8, 1908March 1, 1909May 30, 1908[19]November 18, 1924
49Frank Sigel DietrichD. IdahoDecember 3, 1907December 17, 1907March 19, 1907[6]January 18, 1927Elevated
50William Cary Van FleetN.D. Cal.December 3, 1907December 17, 1907April 2, 1907[6]September 3, 1923
51Oscar Richard HundleyN.D. Ala.December 3, 1907April 9, 1907[18]May 30, 1908
51.1Oscar Richard HundleyN.D. Ala.December 8, 1908May 30, 1908[20]March 3, 1909
52William Bostwick SheppardN.D. Fla.December 3, 1907May 20, 1908September 4, 1907[21]April 21, 1934
53Ralph E. CampbellE.D. Okla.December 3, 1907January 13, 1908November 11, 1907[22]August 31, 1918
54John Hazelton CotteralW.D. Okla.December 3, 1907January 13, 1908November 11, 1907[22]May 23, 1928Elevated
55James Scott YoungW.D. Pa.January 14, 1908January 22, 1908January 22, 1908February 25, 1914
56Edward Terry SanfordE.D. Tenn.
M.D. Tenn.
May 14, 1908May 18, 1908May 18, 1908February 5, 1923Elevated
57Milton D. PurdyD. Minn.April 23, 1908[Rn 4]July 6, 1908[20]March 3, 1909
58Rufus Edward FosterE.D. La.January 22, 1909February 2, 1909February 2, 1909January 13, 1925Elevated

Specialty courts (Article I)

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United States Court of Claims

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#JudgeNomination
date
Confirmation
date
Began active
service
Ended active
service
1Francis Marion WrightDecember 2, 1902January 13, 1903January 13, 1903March 16, 1905
2Fenton Whitlock BoothMarch 14, 1905March 17, 1905March 17, 1905April 23, 1928[23]
3George W. AtkinsonDecember 5, 1905January 16, 1906April 15, 1905[24]April 16, 1916
4Samuel S. BarneyDecember 19, 1905December 20, 1905December 20, 1905April 15, 1919
5Stanton J. PeelleDecember 19, 1905December 20, 1905December 20, 1905[25]February 11, 1913

Board of General Appraisers

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#JudgeNomination
date
Confirmation
date
Began active
service
Ended active
service
1Byron Sylvester WaiteJune 13, 1902June 19, 1902June 25, 1902November 1, 1930[26]
2Charles P. McClellandNovember 10, 1903December 7, 1903August 21, 1903[27]September 30, 1939[26]
3Eugene Gano HayNovember 10, 1903November 24, 1903September 21, 1903[28]November 30, 1923
4Roy ChamberlainDecember 8, 1908January 11, 1909June 3, 1908[29]March 3, 1913[30]

Notes

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Renominations
  1. ^ Renominated on March 5, 1903.
  2. ^ Renominated on March 6, 1905.
  3. ^ Nomination withdrawn on December 17, 1906. Renominated on December 13, 1906.
  4. ^ Renominated on December 8, 1908.

References

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General
  • "Judges of the United States Courts". Biographical Directory of Federal Judges. Federal Judicial Center. Archived from the original on 2016-07-30. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
Specific
  1. ^ All information on the names, terms of service, and details of appointment of federal judges is derived from the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a public-domain publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
  2. ^ Laterally appointed Chief Justice, previously served as Associate Justice of the same court.
  3. ^ a b Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 12, 1905, and received commission on December 12, 1905.
  4. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 6, 1905, and received commission on December 6, 1905.
  5. ^ a b c d Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1906, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 11, 1906, and received commission on December 11, 1906.
  6. ^ a b c Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1907, and received commission on December 17, 1907.
  7. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 10, 1907, and received commission on December 18, 1907.
  8. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 12, 1907, and received commission on December 12, 1907.
  9. ^ a b c d Recess appointment by William McKinley; formally nominated by Theodore Roosevelt on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1901, and received commission on December 17, 1901.
  10. ^ Recess appointment by William McKinley; formally nominated by Theodore Roosevelt on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on February 4, 1902, and received commission on February 6, 1902.
  11. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1901, and received commission on December 17, 1901.
  12. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1901, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 18, 1901, and received commission on December 18, 1901.
  13. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 2, 1902, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 8, 1902, and received commission on December 8, 1902.
  14. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on November 10, 1903, confirmed by the United States Senate on November 16, 1903, and received commission on November 16, 1903.
  15. ^ Laterally appointed as Chief Justice, previously served as Associate Justice of the same court.
  16. ^ a b Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 6, 1904, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 13, 1904, and received commission on December 13, 1904.
  17. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 10, 1906, and received commission on January 10, 1906.
  18. ^ a b Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, but no United States Senate vote.
  19. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 8, 1908, confirmed by the United States Senate on March 1, 1909, and received commission on March 1, 1909.
  20. ^ a b Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 8, 1908, but no United States Senate vote.
  21. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on May 20, 1908, and received commission on May 20, 1908.
  22. ^ a b Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 3, 1907, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 13, 1908, and received commission on January 13, 1908.
  23. ^ Laterally appointed Chief Justice of the same court on April 23, 1928.
  24. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 5, 1905, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 16, 1906, and received commission on January 16, 1906.
  25. ^ Laterally appointed Chief Justice, previously served as Judge of the same court.
  26. ^ a b Reassigned by operation of law to the United States Customs Court on May 28, 1926.
  27. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on November 10, 1903, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 7, 1903, and received commission on December 8, 1903.
  28. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on November 10, 1903, confirmed by the United States Senate on November 24, 1903, and received commission on November 25, 1903.
  29. ^ Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 8, 1908, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 11, 1909, and received commission on January 15, 1909.
  30. ^ Removed from office by William Howard Taft on March 3, 1913.

Sources

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