Index of Economic Freedom

The Index of Economic Freedom is an annual index and ranking created in 1995 by The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal to measure the degree of economic freedom in the world's nations. The creators of the index assert that they take an approach inspired by Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, that "basic institutions that protect the liberty of individuals to pursue their own economic interests result in greater prosperity for the larger society".^{[1][2][page needed]}

Purpose edit

The Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom states that, "Economic freedom is the fundamental right of every human to control his or her own labor and property. In an economically free society, individuals are free to work, produce, consume, and invest in any way they please. In economically free societies, governments allow labor, capital, and goods to move freely, and refrain from coercion or constraint of liberty beyond the extent necessary to protect and maintain liberty itself."^[3] By publishing the Index annually, the foundation attempts to highlight where such freedoms do and do not exist.

The Heritage Foundation reports that the top 20% on the Index have twice the per capita income of those in the second quintile, and five times that of the bottom 20%.^[4]

Carl Schramm, who wrote the first chapter of the 2008 Index, states that cities of Medieval Italy and those of the mid-19th century Midwestern United States both flourished proportionate to their possessed economic fluidity and institutional adaptiveness created by economic freedom.^[5]

According to Will Wilkinson of the libertarian think tank Cato Institute, studies show that higher economic freedom correlates strongly with higher self-reported happiness.^[6] According to economists Tomi Ovaska and Ryo Takashima, economic freedom research suggests "that people unmistakably care about the degree to which the society where they live provides them opportunities and the freedom to undertake new projects, strongly with and make choices based on one's personal preferences."^[7]

According to the Cato Institute, higher economic freedom promotes participation and collaboration.^[8] Also claimed is that higher economic freedom is extremely significant in preventing wars; according to their calculations, freedom is around 54 times more effective than democracy (as measured by Democracy Score) in diminishing violent conflict.^[9]

Ratings edit

Between 1995, the first edition of the Index, and 2008, the score for world economic freedom has increased, rising 2.6 points, according to the Index.^[10]

Between 2008 and 2011, however, the score decreased 60.2 to 59.7, though the 2011 score represents an increase of 2.2 points since the first edition in 1995. The economic freedom score improved for 117 countries, the majority of countries included in the index, which were mainly developing and emerging market economies. In 2011, with the exception of Europe and North America, there were increased levels of freedom recorded in all regions, with the greatest improvement shown in Sub-Saharan Africa. The top five "free" economies identified by the 2011 index were Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, and Switzerland, each scoring over 80 on the economic freedom grading scale.^[11]

Also in 2011, the United States dropped to 9th place in the Index, falling behind Denmark, Canada, and first-place Hong Kong, which ranked first in every issue of the Index from 1995 until 2019.^[11] The Heritage Foundation pointed to increases in government spending as a primary reason for the United States' decline in its ranking. According to data from the 2011 Index, the growth rates of countries with the highest levels of government spending were 4.5 points lower, on average, than countries where government spending was under control.^[12] In their "Executive Highlights" of index results in 2011, the Heritage Foundation wrote that, "high levels of government spending in response to the global economic turmoil have not resulted in higher economic growth".^[11]

In 2012, results from the Index showed an overall decline in global economic freedom; according to The Heritage Foundation, the average score in its ranking was the second- lowest of the last ten years.^[13] The U.S. dropped to 10th place in the 2012 ranking, falling three places since 2008, when it was seventh.^[14] A report issued by the Heritage Foundation stated that government spending was the cause of many countries' declines, and that the spending had "not only failed to arrest the economic crisis, but also – in many countries – seems to be prolonging it".^[15] According to the report, activity in the private sector is threatened by the greater government spending, which has increased public debt and led to more bureaucracy.^[13]

Hong Kong edit

For 25 consecutive years, from 1995 to 2019, Hong Kong was ranked the most world's most free economy by the Index..^[11][16]

In 2019, however, after the Hong Kong national security law was implemented, the Heritage Foundation dropped Hong Kong and Macau as independent entities in the Index, writing that, "developments in recent years have demonstrated unambiguously that those policies are ultimately controlled from Beijing". The 2019 Index ranked the level of economic freedom in China low, 107th among the 178 ranked in the report.^[17]

Methodology edit

The Index evaluates 177 countries in four broad policy areas that affect the economic freedom, which are rule of law, government size, regulatory efficiency, and open markets.^[18][19] It also takes into consideration some specific categories like property rights, judicial effectiveness, government integrity and tax burden.^[20][21] The ranking scores aspects of economic freedom between 0 and 100, with 0 meaning "no economic freedom" and 100 meaning "total economic freedom". There are twelve aspects divided into four categories.^[22]

Reception edit

In 2001, Freedom House, a human rights group, wrote that, "there is a high and statistically significant correlation between the level of political freedom as measured by Freedom House and economic freedom as measured by The Wall Street Journal/Heritage Foundation survey."^[23]

In his 2005 book The End of Poverty, Jeffrey Sachs graphed countries' ratings on the Index against per capita GDP growth between 1995 and 2003, claiming to demonstrate that there was no correlation between a country's rating and its rate of economic growth. As examples, Sachs cited countries with good ratings in the Index, such as Switzerland and Uruguay, which had sluggish economic performances while others, like China, with poorer ratings in the Index were experiencing strong economic growth.^[24]

In January 2005, Stefan Karlsson of the Ludwig von Mises Institute challenged the usefulness of the Index due to the fuzziness of many of the categories used to determine freedom.^[25]

In March 2005, John Miller criticized the Index, writing in Dollars & Sense, "In the hands of the Wall Street Journal and the Heritage Foundation, Washington's foremost right-wing think tank, however, an economic freedom index merely measures corporate and entrepreneurial freedom from accountability. Upon examination, the index turns out to be a poor barometer of either freedom more broadly construed or of prosperity."^[26] According to Left Business Observer, growth in Index accounts for 10% of the variation in the growth of GDP.^[27]

In September 2007, the Millennium Challenge Account, a U.S. government foreign aid program, used the Index in determining which countries will receive their performance-based compacts.^[28]

In January 2008, United Arab Emirates questioned its rating in the Index, comparing its average rating with the high rating they had received from other economic freedom indexes, such as Transparency International and Moody's. UAE argued called the Index "unreliable", arguing that its methodology changed twice over the prior two years.^[29]

Rule of law edit

Property rights edit

Degree of a country's legal protection of private property rights and degree of enforcement of those laws. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

1. Physical property rights
2. Intellectual property rights
3. Strength of investor protection
4. Risk of expropriation
5. Quality of land administration

Judicial effectiveness edit

Degree of the judiciary's efficiency and fairness, especially dealing with property laws. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

1. Judicial independence
2. Quality of the judicial process

Government integrity edit

Analyzes how prevalent are forms of political corruption and practices such as bribery, extortion, nepotism, cronyism, patronage, embezzlement, and graft. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

1. Public trust in politicians
2. Irregular payments and bribes
3. transparency of government policymaking
4. Absence of corruption
5. perceptions of corruption
6. Governmental and civil service transparency

Government size edit

Tax burden edit

Analyzes marginal tax rates on personal and corporate income and the overall taxation level (including direct and indirect taxes imposed by all levels of government) as a percentage of the GDP. Its sub-factors are:

1. Top marginal tax rate on individual income
2. Top marginal tax rate on corporate income
3. Total tax burden as a percentage of GDP

Government spending edit

Quantifies the burden of government expenditures, including consumption by the state and all transfer payments related to various welfare programs. The ideal level varies from country to country, but zero expenditure is used as a benchmark.

Fiscal health edit

Analyzes how well a country manages its budget by quantifying the growing debt and deficit. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

1. Average deficits as a percentage of GDP for the most recent three years (80 percent of score)
2. Debt as a percentage of GDP (20 percent of score)

Regulatory efficiency edit

Business freedom edit

Analyzes the cost, time and freedom to open, operate and close a business, taking into consideration factors like electricity. It is divided into thirteen sub-factors:

1. Starting a business - procedures (number)
2. Starting a business - time (days)
3. Starting a business - cost (% of income per capita)
4. Starting a business - minimum capital (% of income per capita)
5. Obtaining a license - procedures (number)
6. Obtaining a license - time (days)
7. Obtaining a license - cost (% of income per capita)
8. Closing a business - time (years)
9. Closing a business - cost (% of estate)
10. Closing a business - recovery rate (cents on the dollar)
11. Getting electricity - procedures (number)
12. Getting electricity - time (days) and
13. Getting electricity - cost (% of income per capita)

Labor freedom edit

Quantifies the intrusiveness of labor rights such as minimum wage, laws inhibiting layoffs, severance requirements, and measurable regulatory restraints on hiring and hours worked, plus the labor force participation rate as an indicative measure of employment opportunities in the labor market. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

1. Ratio of minimum wage to the average value added per worker
2. Hindrance to hiring additional workers
3. Rigidity of hours
4. Difficulty of firing redundant employees
5. Legally mandated notice period
6. Mandatory severance pay
7. Labor force participation rate

Monetary freedom edit

Analyzes how stable are prices and how much microeconomy intervenes. It is divided into the following sub-factors:

1. Weighted average inflation rate for the most recent three years
2. Price controls

Market openness edit

Trade freedom edit

Quantifies the extent to which tariff and nontariff barriers affect imports and exports of goods and services into and out of the country. Its sub-factors are:

1. Trade-weighted average tariff rate
2. Non-tariff barriers (NTBs)

Investment freedom edit

Analyzes how free or constrained is the flow of investment capital of individuals and firms.

Financial freedom edit

Indicates banking efficiency as well as how independent the government is from the financial sector. This aspect looks at five broad areas:

1. Extent of government regulation of financial services
2. Degree of state intervention in banks and other financial firms through direct and indirect ownership
3. Government influence on the allocation of credit
4. Extent of financial and capital market development
5. Openness to foreign competition

Previous methodology edit

The Index's 2008 definition of economic freedom is "the highest form of economic freedom provides an absolute right of property ownership, fully realized freedoms of movement for labor, capital, and goods, and an absolute absence of coercion or constraint of economic liberty beyond the extent necessary for citizens to protect and maintain liberty itself."^[30]

The Index scores nations on ten factors of economic freedom, separated into four categories, using statistics from organizations like the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, Economist Intelligence Unit and Transparency International. In each factor, countries are scored 0 to 100, with 0 being the least free and 100 the most free. A score of 100 signifies an economic environment or set of policies that is most conducive to economic freedom.^[30] The methodology has shifted and changed as new data and measurements have become available, especially in the area of Labor Freedom, which was given its own indicator spot in 2007.^[2] The following list explains what each factor currently assesses and groups them according to their respective category:

Rule of law edit

• Property Rights: Degree of a country's legal protection of private property rights, degree of enforcement of those laws, independence of and corruption within the judiciary, and likelihood of expropriation.
• Freedom from corruption: The non-prevalence of political corruption within a country, according to the Corruption Perceptions Index.

Limited government edit

• Fiscal freedom: How free is a country from tax burden. It comprises three quantitative measures: top marginal tax rate of both individual (1) and corporate (2) income, and total tax burden as a percentage of GDP (3).
• Government size and spending: Governments' expenditures as a percentage of GDP, including consumption and transfers. The higher the percental spending, the lower the score.

Regulatory efficiency edit

• Business freedom: A country's freedom from the burden of regulations on starting, operating, and closing business, given factors such as time, cost and number of procedures, as well as the efficiency of government in the regulatory process.
• Labor freedom: How free is a country from legal regulation on the labor market, including those relating to minimum wages, hiring and firing, hours of work and severance requirements.
• Monetary freedom: How free from microeconomic intervention and price instability is a country, basing on an equation considering the weighted average inflation rate in the last three years and price controls.

Open markets edit

• Trade freedom: Freedom from sizeable numbers and burdens of tariffs and non-tariff barriers to imports and exports of a country.
• Investment freedom: Freedom from restrictions on the movement and use of investment capital, regardless of activity, within and across the country's borders.
• Financial freedom: A country's independence from government control and interference in the financial sector, including banks. It considers government ownership of financial firms, extent of financial and capital market development, government influence on the allocation of credit and openness to foreign competition.

Rankings and scores edit

2024 edit

Key: ██ Free (80–100)██ Mostly Free (70–79.9)██ Moderately Free (60–69.9)██ Mostly Unfree (50–59.9)██ Repressed (0–49.9)

Economic Freedom Index^[31]

Country	Rank	Score	Change
Singapore	1	83.5	0.4
Switzerland	2	83.0	0.8
Ireland	3	82.0
Taiwan	4	80.7	0.6
New Zealand	5	78.9	1.7
Estonia	6	78.6	1.4
Luxembourg	7	78.4	2.2
Netherlands	8	78.0	1.5
Denmark	9	77.6	0.4
Sweden	10	77.5	0.4
Finland	11	77.1	1.2
Norway	12	76.9
Australia	13	74.8	2.9
Germany	14	73.7	2.4
South Korea	14	73.7	0.9
Canada	14	73.7	2.9
Latvia	17	72.8	2.0
Cyprus	18	72.3	0.6
Iceland	19	72.2	4.8
Lithuania	19	72.2	3.6
Czech Republic	21	71.9	2.5
Chile	22	71.1	3.3
Austria	22	71.1	2.7
United Arab Emirates	24	70.9	0.7
United States	25	70.6	1.5
Mauritius	25	70.6	0.3
Uruguay	27	70.2	0.2
United Kingdom	28	69.9	2.8
Barbados	29	69.8	1.5
Portugal	30	69.5	1.3
Japan	31	69.3	0.6
Bulgaria	31	69.3	1.7
Slovakia	33	69.0	0.7
Israel	34	68.9	0.9
Georgia	35	68.7	3.1
Qatar	36	68.6	0.9
Slovenia	37	68.5	2.0
Samoa	38	68.3
Jamaica	39	68.1	0.7
Poland	40	67.7	1.0
Malta	41	67.5	4.0
Malaysia	42	67.3	0.8
Belgium	43	67.1	2.5
Peru	44	66.5
Costa Rica	44	66.5	1.1
Croatia	46	66.4	1.2
Romania	47	67.1	2.4
Hungary	48	66.9	0.3
Cabo Verde	49	66.7	2.9
Albania	50	66.6	1.4
Spain	51	66.5	1.2
France	52	65.9	0.2
North Macedonia	53	65.7	2.9
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	54	65.7	0.6
The Bahamas	55	65.4	1.2
Panama	56	65.4	0.8
Italy	57	65.4	0.5
Armenia	58	65.3	6.6
Serbia	59	65.2	2.0
Colombia	60	65.1	3.0
Botswana	61	64.8	2.8
Brunei Darussalam	62	64.8	1.8
Indonesia	63	64.4	2.5
Kazakhstan	64	64.4	6.7
Saint Lucia	65	64.3	3.2
Mongolia	66	63.9	1.5
Mexico	67	63.7	1.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	68	63.4	0.5
Guatemala	69	63.2	0.8
Thailand	70	63.2	6.5
Dominican Republic	71	63.0	0.9
Vanuatu	72	62.9	2.4
Paraguay	73	62.9	0.3
Bahrain	74	62.0	7.9
Azerbaijan	75	61.6	8.5
Ivory Coast	76	61.6	0.1
Greece	77	61.5	0.6
Moldova	78	61.3	1.2
Seychelles	79	61.1	5.2
Philippines	80	61.1	3.0
Benin	81	61.0	1.4
Micronesia	82	61.0	10.6
Tonga	83	60.8	3.3
Vietnam	84	60.6	1.1
São Tomé and Príncipe	85	60.3	4.4
Kosovo	86	60.1	6.4
Jordan	87	60.1	4.5
Senegal	88	60.0	2.0
Ghana	89	59.8	0.6
El Salvador	90	59.6	1.4
Guyana	91	59.5	2.1
Honduras	92	59.5	0.3
Tanzania	93	59.5	1.8
Bhutan	94	59.3	1.0
Namibia	95	59.2	3.4
Kiribati	96	59.2	14.8
Morocco	97	59.2	4.1
Madagascar	98	58.9	1.2
Trinidad and Tobago	99	58.8	0.2
Burkina Faso	100	58.3	1.8
Kuwait	101	58.3	5.8
The Gambia	102	58.0	0.8
Montenegro	103	57.8	5.6
Togo	104	57.2	0.3
Rwanda	105	57.1	11.2
Cambodia	106	57.1	0.2
Turkey	107	56.9	7.1
Oman	108	56.6	8.0
Belize	109	56.6	0.9
Solomon Islands	110	56.5	0.0
Fiji	111	56.4	5.8
South Africa	112	56.2	3.5
Russia	113	56.1	5.4
Mali	114	55.9	0.3
Gabon	115	55.8	2.3
Kyrgyzstan	116	55.8	7.9
Uzbekistan	117	55.7	2.6
Saudi Arabia	118	55.5	10.5
Mauritania	119	55.3	0.8
Djibouti	120	55.3	0.9
Niger	121	54.9	2.4
Nicaragua	122	54.8	1.5
Papua New Guinea	123	54.6	4.3
Nigeria	124	54.4	4.3
Dominica	125	54.4	1.4
Ecuador	126	54.3	1.9
Uganda	127	54.2	4.4
Tunisia	128	54.2	2.4
Guinea	129	54.2	2.3
Ukraine	130	54.1	2.1
India	131	53.9	2.6
Sri Lanka	132	53.3	2.4
Brazil	133	53.3	0.1
Malawi	134	53.0	0.0
Belarus	135	53.0	8.0
Cameroon	136	52.9	0.5
Bangladesh	137	52.7	3.8
Kenya	138	52.6	2.3
Angola	139	52.6	1.6
Sierra Leone	140	52.0	0.3
Eswatini	141	51.4	3.7
Mozambique	142	51.3	0.3
Comoros	143	50.4	5.3
Argentina	144	50.1	2.6
Haiti	145	50.0	0.8
Chad	146	49.8	0.6
Tajikistan	147	49.7	5.5
Nepal	148	49.7	1.0
Ethiopia	149	49.6	2.1
Laos	150	49.2	4.7
Egypt	151	49.1	6.6
Pakistan	152	48.8	2.9
Zambia	153	48.7	1.7
Republic of the Congo	154	48.5	2.2
Suriname	155	48.1	1.7
Lesotho	156	48.1	5.4
China	157	48.0	10.4
Liberia	158	47.9	1.3
Congo-Kinshasa	159	47.6	1.4
Maldives	160	47.3	7.9
Lebanon	161	47.3	4.1
Equatorial Guinea	162	47.2	2.0
Timor-Leste	163	46.3	1.6
Turkmenistan	164	46.2	1.2
Guinea-Bissau	165	46.0	8.9
Algeria	166	45.8	3.9
Myanmar	167	45.7	5.6
Central African Republic	168	45.7	3.1
Bolivia	169	43.0	0.3
Iran	170	42.4	4.8
Eritrea	171	39.7	2.6
Burundi	172	39.4	10.5
Zimbabwe	173	33.1	6.4
Sudan	174	32.0	7.1
Cuba	175	29.5	1.4
Venezuela	176	24.8	0.1
North Korea	177	4.2	1.7

Not ranked

•  Afghanistan
•  Andorra
•  Antigua and Barbuda
•  Grenada
•  Hong Kong (Since 2021, counted in China)
•  Iraq
•  Libya
•  Liechtenstein
•  Macau (Since 2021, counted in China)
•  Marshall Islands
•  Monaco
•  Nauru
•  Palau
•  Saint Kitts and Nevis
•  San Marino
•  Somalia
•  South Sudan
•  Syria
•  Tuvalu
•  Ukraine (Since 2022 due to Russian invasion of Ukraine)
•  Vatican City
•  Yemen

2013–2020 edit

Key: ██ Free (80–100)██ Mostly Free (70.0–79.9)██ Moderately Free (60.0–69.9)██ Mostly Unfree (50.0–59.9)██ Repressed (0–49.9)

	2020[32]			2019[33]			2018[34]			2017[35]			2016[36]			2015[37]			2014[38]			2013[39]
Country	Rank	Score	Change in Yearly Score from 2019	Rank	Score	Change in Yearly Score from 2018	Rank	Score	Change in Yearly Score from 2017	Rank	Score	Change in Yearly Score from 2016	Rank	Score	Change in Yearly Score from 2015	Rank	Score	Change in Yearly Score from 2014	Rank	Score	Change in Yearly Score from 2013	Rank	Score
Singapore	1	89.4	0.0	2	89.4	0.6	2	88.8	0.2	2	88.6	0.8	2	87.8	-1.6	2	89.4	0.0	2	89.4	1.4	2	88.0
New Zealand	3	84.1	-0.3	3	84.4	0.2	3	84.2	0.5	3	83.7	2.1	3	81.6	-0.5	3	82.1	0.9	5	81.2	-0.2	4	81.4
Switzerland	5	82.0	0.1	4	81.9	0.2	4	81.7	0.2	4	81.5	0.5	4	81.0	0.5	5	80.5	-1.1	4	81.6	0.6	5	81.0
Australia	4	82.6	1.7	5	80.9	0.0	5	80.9	-0.1	5	81.0	0.7	5	80.3	-1.1	4	81.4	-0.6	3	82.0	-0.6	3	82.6
Estonia	10	77.7	1.1	15	76.6	-2.2	7	78.8	-0.3	6	79.1	1.9	9	77.2	0.4	8	76.8	0.9	11	75.9	0.6	13	75.3
Canada	9	78.2	0.5	8	77.7	0.0	9	77.7	-0.8	7	78.5	0.5	6	78	-1.1	6	79.1	-1.1	6	80.2	0.8	6	79.4
United Arab Emirates	18	76.2	-1.4	9	77.6	0.0	10	77.6	0.7	8	76.9	4.3	25	72.6	0.2	25	72.4	1.0	28	71.4	0.3	28	71.1
Ireland	6	80.9	0.4	6	80.5	0.1	6	80.4	3.7	9	76.7	-0.6	8	77.3	0.7	9	76.6	0.4	9	76.2	0.5	11	75.7
Chile	15	76.8	1.4	18	75.4	0.2	20	75.2	-1.3	10	76.5	-1.2	7	77.7	-0.8	7	78.5	-0.2	7	78.7	-0.3	7	79.0
Taiwan	11	77.1	-0.2	10	77.3	0.7	13	76.6	0.1	11	76.5	1.8	14	74.7	-0.4	14	75.1	1.2	17	73.9	1.2	20	72.7
United Kingdom	7	79.3	0.4	7	78.9	0.9	8	78.0	1.6	12	76.4	0.0	10	76.4	0.6	13	75.8	0.9	14	74.9	0.1	14	74.8
Georgia	12	77.1	1.2	16	75.9	-0.3	16	76.2	0.2	13	76.0	3.4	23	72.6	0.4	22	73.0	0.4	22	72.6	0.4	21	72.2
Luxembourg	19	75.8	-0.1	17	75.9	-0.5	14	76.4	0.5	14	75.9	2.0	19	73.9	0.7	21	73.2	-1.0	16	74.2	0.0	15	74.2
Netherlands	14	77.0	0.2	13	76.8	0.6	17	76.2	0.4	15	75.8	1.2	16	74.6	0.9	17	73.7	-0.5	15	74.2	0.7	17	73.5
Lithuania	16	76.7	2.5	21	74.2	-1.1	19	75.3	-0.5	16	75.8	0.6	13	75.2	0.5	15	74.7	1.7	21	73.0	0.9	22	72.1
United States	17	76.6	-0.2	12	76.8	1.1	18	75.7	0.6	17	75.1	-0.3	11	75.4	-0.8	12	76.2	0.7	12	75.5	-0.5	10	76.0
Denmark	8	78.3	1.6	14	76.7	0.1	12	76.6	1.5	18	75.1	-0.2	12	75.3	-1.0	11	76.3	0.2	10	76.1	0.0	9	76.1
Sweden	22	74.9	-0.3	19	75.2	-1.1	15	76.3	1.4	19	74.9	2.9	26	72.0	-0.7	23	72.7	-0.4	20	73.1	0.2	18	72.9
Latvia	32	71.9	1.5	35	70.4	-3.2	28	73.6	-1.2	20	74.8	4.4	36	70.4	0.7	37	69.7	1.0	42	68.7	2.2	55	66.5
Mauritius	21	74.9	1.9	25	73.0	-2.1	21	75.1	0.4	21	74.7	0.0	15	74.7	-1.7	10	76.4	-0.1	8	76.5	-0.4	8	76.9
Iceland	13	77.1	0.0	11	77.1	0.1	11	77.0	2.6	22	74.4	1.1	20	73.3	1.3	26	72.0	-0.4	23	72.4	0.3	23	72.1
South Korea	25	74.0	1.7	29	72.3	-1.5	27	73.8	-0.5	23	74.3	2.6	27	71.7	0.2	29	71.5	0.3	31	71.2	0.9	34	70.3
Finland	20	75.7	0.8	20	74.9	0.8	26	74.1	0.1	24	74.0	1.4	24	72.6	-0.8	19	73.4	0.0	19	73.4	-0.6	16	74.0
Norway	28	73.4	0.4	26	73.0	-1.3	23	74.3	0.3	25	74.0	3.2	32	70.8	-1.0	27	71.8	0.9	32	70.9	0.4	31	70.5
Germany	27	73.5	0.0	24	73.5	-0.7	25	74.2	0.4	26	73.8	-0.6	17	74.4	0.6	16	73.8	0.4	18	73.4	0.6	19	72.8
Malaysia	24	74.7	0.7	22	74.0	-0.5	22	74.5	0.7	27	73.8	2.3	29	71.5	0.7	31	70.8	1.2	37	69.6	3.5	56	66.1
Czech Republic	23	74.8	1.1	23	73.7	-0.5	24	74.2	0.9	28	73.3	0.1	21	73.2	0.7	24	72.5	0.3	26	72.2	1.3	29	70.9
Qatar	31	72.3	-0.3	28	72.6	0.0	29	72.6	-0.5	29	73.1	2.4	34	70.7	-0.1	32	70.8	-0.4	30	71.2	-0.1	27	71.3
Austria	29	73.3	1.3	31	72.0	0.2	32	71.8	-0.5	30	72.3	0.6	28	71.7	0.5	30	71.2	-1.2	24	72.4	0.6	25	71.8
North Macedonia	41	69.5	-1.6	33	71.1	-0.2	33	71.3	0.6	31	70.7	3.2	47	67.5	0.4	53	67.1	-1.5	43	68.6	0.4	43	68.2
Armenia	34	70.6	2.9	47	67.7	-1.0	44	68.7	-1.6	33	70.3	3.3	54	67.0	-0.1	52	67.1	-1.8	41	68.9	-0.5	38	69.4
Botswana	40	69.6	0.1	36	69.5	-0.4	35	69.9	-0.2	34	71.1	-1.0	30	71.1	1.3	36	69.8	-2.2	27	72	1.4	30	70.6
Brunei	61	66.6	1.5	63	65.1	0.9	70	64.2	-5.6	35	69.8	2.5	51	67.3	-1.6	39	68.9	-0.1	40	69.0	-	-	-
Israel	26	74.0	1.2	27	72.8	0.6	31	72.2	2.5	36	69.7	-1.0	35	70.7	0.2	33	70.5	2.1	44	68.4	1.5	51	66.9
Colombia	45	69.2	1.9	49	67.3	-1.6	42	68.9	-0.8	37	69.7	-1.1	33	70.8	-0.9	28	71.7	1.0	34	70.7	1.1	37	69.6
Uruguay	47	69.1	0.5	40	68.6	-0.6	38	69.2	-0.5	38	69.7	0.9	41	68.8	0.2	43	68.6	-0.7	38	69.3	-0.4	36	69.7
Romania	38	69.7	1.1	42	68.6	-0.8	37	69.4	-0.3	39	69.7	4.1	61	65.6	-1.0	57	66.6	1.1	62	65.5	0.4	59	65.1
Japan	30	73.3	1.2	30	72.1	-0.2	30	72.3	2.7	40	69.6	-3.5	22	73.1	-0.2	20	73.3	0.9	25	72.4	0.6	24	71.8
Jamaica	49	68.5	-0.1	39	68.6	-0.5	40	69.1	-0.4	41	69.5	2.0	48	67.5	-0.2	48	67.7	1.0	56	66.7	-0.1	52	66.8
Kazakhstan	39	69.6	4.2	59	65.4	-3.7	41	69.1	0.1	42	69.0	5.4	68	63.6	0.3	69	63.3	-0.4	67	63.7	0.7	68	63.0
Peru	51	67.9	0.1	45	67.8	-0.9	43	68.7	-0.2	43	68.9	1.5	49	67.4	-0.3	47	67.7	0.3	47	67.4	-0.8	44	68.2
Bahrain	63	66.3	-0.1	54	66.4	-1.3	50	67.7	-0.8	44	68.5	-5.8	18	74.3	0.9	18	73.4	-1.7	13	75.1	-0.4	12	75.5
Poland	46	69.1	1.3	46	67.8	-0.7	45	68.5	0.2	45	68.3	-1.0	39	69.3	0.7	42	68.6	1.6	50	67.0	1.0	57	66.0
Kosovo	53	67.4	0.4	51	67.0	0.4	56	66.6	-1.3	46	67.9	6.5	84	61.4	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Bulgaria	36	70.2	1.2	37	69.0	0.7	47	68.3	0.4	47	67.9	2.0	60	65.9	-0.9	55	66.8	1.1	61	65.7	0.7	60	65.0
Cyprus	37	70.1	2.0	44	68.1	0.3	48	67.8	-0.1	48	67.9	-0.8	42	68.7	0.8	45	67.9	0.3	46	67.6	-1.4	41	69.0
Belgium	48	68.9	1.6	48	67.3	-0.2	52	67.5	-0.3	49	67.8	-0.6	44	68.4	-0.4	40	68.8	-1.1	35	69.9	0.7	40	69.2
Malta	42	69.5	0.9	41	68.6	0.1	46	68.5	0.8	50	67.7	1.0	55	66.7	0.2	58	66.5	0.1	58	66.4	-1.1	47	67.5
Rwanda	33	70.9	-0.2	32	71.1	2.0	39	69.1	1.5	51	67.6	4.5	71	63.1	-1.7	65	64.8	0.1	65	64.7	0.6	63	64.1
Vanuatu	98	60.7	4.3	116	56.4	-13.1	36	69.5	2.1	52	67.4	6.6	89	60.8	-0.3	84	61.1	1.6	93	59.5	2.9	109	56.6
Jordan	66	66.0	-0.5	53	66.5	1.6	62	64.9	-1.8	53	66.7	-1.6	46	68.3	-1.0	38	69.3	0.1	39	69.2	-1.2	33	70.4
Panama	55	67.2	0.0	50	67.2	0.2	54	67.0	0.7	54	66.3	1.5	66	64.8	0.7	68	64.1	0.7	71	63.4	0.9	71	62.5
Thailand	43	69.4	1.1	43	68.3	1.2	53	67.1	0.9	55	66.2	2.3	67	63.9	1.5	75	62.4	-0.9	72	63.3	-0.8	61	64.1
Hungary	62	66.4	1.4	64	65.0	-1.7	55	66.7	0.9	56	65.8	-0.2	58	66.0	-0.8	54	66.8	-0.2	51	67.0	-0.3	48	67.3
Slovakia	60	66.8	1.8	65	65.0	-0.3	59	65.3	-0.4	57	65.7	-0.9	56	66.6	-0.6	50	67.2	0.8	57	66.4	-2.3	42	68.7
Philippines	70	64.5	0.7	70	63.8	-1.2	61	65.0	-0.6	58	65.6	2.5	70	63.1	0.9	76	62.2	2.1	89	60.1	1.9	97	58.2
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	59	66.8	1.0	55	65.8	-1.9	49	67.7	2.5	59	65.2	-3.6	40	68.8	0.8	44	68.0	1.0	52	67.0	0.3	54	66.7
Turkey	71	64.4	-0.2	68	64.6	-0.8	58	65.4	0.2	60	65.2	3.1	79	62.1	-1.1	70	63.2	-1.7	64	64.9	2.0	69	62.9
Kuwait	79	63.2	2.4	90	60.8	-1.4	81	62.2	-2.9	61	65.1	2.4	74	62.7	0.2	74	62.5	0.2	76	62.3	-0.8	66	63.1
Saint Lucia	50	68.2	-0.5	38	68.7	1.1	51	67.6	2.6	62	65.0	-5.0	38	70.0	-0.2	35	70.2	-0.5	33	70.7	0.3	32	70.4
Costa Rica	68	65.8	0.5	61	65.3	-0.3	57	65.6	0.6	63	65.0	-2.4	50	67.4	0.2	51	67.2	0.3	53	66.9	-0.1	49	67.0
Saudi Arabia	83	62.4	1.7	91	60.7	1.1	98	59.6	-4.8	64	64.4	2.3	78	62.1	0.0	77	62.1	-0.1	77	62.2	1.6	82	60.6
Albania	57	66.9	0.4	52	66.5	2.0	65	64.5	0.1	65	64.4	-1.5	59	65.9	0.2	63	65.7	-1.2	54	66.9	1.7	58	65.2
El Salvador	90	61.6	-0.2	84	61.8	-1.4	75	63.2	-0.9	66	64.1	-1.0	63	65.1	-0.6	62	65.7	-0.5	59	66.2	-0.5	53	66.7
Dominica	97	60.8	-2.8	72	63.6	-0.9	66	64.5	0.8	67	63.7	-3.3	53	67.0	0.9	61	66.1	0.9	63	65.2	1.3	64	63.9
Azerbaijan	44	69.3	3.9	60	65.4	1.1	67	64.3	0.7	68	63.6	3.4	91	60.2	-0.8	85	61.0	-0.3	81	61.3	1.6	88	59.7	-
Spain	58	66.9	1.2	57	65.7	0.6	60	65.1	1.5	69	63.6	-4.9	43	68.5	0.9	49	67.6	0.4	49	67.2	-0.8	46	68.0 |
Mexico	67	66.0	1.3	66	64.7	-0.1	63	64.8	1.2	70	63.6	-1.6	62	65.2	-1.2	59	66.4	-0.4	55	66.8	-0.2	50	67.0	-
Fiji	77	63.4	1.2	81	62.2	0.2	84	62.0	-1.4	71	63.4	4.6	107	58.8	-0.2	98	59.0	0.3	99	58.7	1.5	105	57.2	-
France	64	66.0	2.2	71	63.8	-0.1	71	63.9	0.6	72	63.3	1.0	75	62.3	-0.2	73	62.5	-1.0	70	63.5	-0.6	62	64.1	-
Tonga	107	58.8	1.1	108	57.7	-5.4	76	63.1	0.1	73	63.0	3.4	95	59.6	0.3	95	59.3	1.1	104	58.2	2.2	112	56.0	-
Guatemala	73	64.0	1.4	77	62.6	-0.8	73	63.4	0.4	74	63.0	1.2	82	61.8	1.4	87	60.4	-0.8	83	61.2	1.2	85	60.0	-
Ivory Coast	101	59.7	-2.7	78	62.4	0.4	85	62.0	-1.0	75	63.0	3.0	92	60.0	1.5	103	58.5	0.8	107	57.7	3.6	126	54.1	-
Dominican Republic	95	60.9	-0.1	89	61.0	-0.6	89	61.6	-1.3	76	62.9	1.9	88	61.0	0.0	86	61.0	-0.3	80	61.3	1.6	87	59.7	-
Portugal	56	67.0	1.7	62	65.3	1.9	72	63.4	0.8	77	62.6	-2.5	64	65.1	-0.2	64	65.3	1.8	69	63.5	0.4	67	63.1	-
Namibia	96	60.9	2.2	99	58.7	0.2	103	58.5	-4.0	78	62.5	0.6	81	61.9	2.3	93	59.6	0.2	94	59.4	-0.9	84	60.3	-
Italy	74	63.8	1.6	80	62.2	-0.3	79	62.5	0.0	79	62.5	1.3	86	61.2	-0.5	80	61.7	0.8	86	60.9	0.3	83	60.6	-
Paraguay	80	63.0	1.2	85	61.8	-0.3	82	62.1	-0.3	80	62.4	0.9	83	61.5	0.4	83	61.1	-0.9	78	62.0	0.9	80	61.1	-
South Africa	106	58.8	0.5	102	58.3	-4.7	77	63.0	0.7	81	62.3	0.4	80	61.9	-0.7	72	62.6	0.1	75	62.5	0.7	74	61.8	-
Oman	75	63.6	2.6	88	61.0	0.0	93	61.0	-1.1	82	62.1	-5.0	52	67.1	0.4	56	66.7	-0.7	48	67.4	-0.7	45	68.1	-
Montenegro	91	61.5	1.0	92	60.5	-3.8	68	64.3	2.3	83	62.0	-2.9	65	64.9	0.2	66	64.7	1.1	68	63.6	1.0	70	62.6	-
Indonesia	54	67.2	1.4	56	65.8	1.6	69	64.2	2.3	84	61.9	2.5	99	59.4	1.3	105	58.1	-0.4	100	58.5	1.6	108	56.9	-
Seychelles	72	64.3	2.9	87	61.4	-0.2	88	61.6	-0.2	85	61.8	-0.4	76	62.2	4.7	114	57.5	1.3	117	56.2	1.3	124	54.9	-
Morocco	78	63.3	0.4	75	62.9	1.0	86	61.9	0.4	86	61.5	0.2	85	61.3	1.2	89	60.1	1.8	103	58.3	-1.3	90	59.6	-
Trinidad and Tobago	109	58.3	1.3	112	57.0	-0.7	112	57.7	-3.5	87	61.2	-1.7	73	62.9	-1.2	67	64.1	1.4	73	62.7	0.4	72	62.3	-
Eswatini	131	55.3	0.6	132	54.7	-1.2	123	55.9	-5.2	88	61.1	1.4	94	59.7	-0.2	91	59.9	-1.3	82	61.2	4.0	104	57.2	-
Kyrgyzstan	81	62.9	0.6	79	62.3	-0.5	78	62.8	1.7	89	61.1	1.5	96	59.6	-1.7	82	61.3	0.2	85	61.1	1.5	89	59.6	-
Bahamas	69	64.5	1.6	76	62.9	-0.4	74	63.3	2.2	90	61.1	-9.8	31	70.9	2.2	41	68.7	-1.1	36	69.8	-0.3	35	70.1	-
Uganda	102	59.5	-0.2	95	59.7	-2.3	83	62.0	1.1	91	60.9	1.6	102	59.3	-0.4	92	59.7	-0.2	91	59.9	-1.2	79	61.1	-
Bosnia and Herzegovina	82	62.6	0.7	83	61.9	0.5	91	61.4	1.2	92	60.2	1.6	108	58.6	-0.4	97	59.0	0.6	101	58.4	1.1	103	57.3	-
Burkina Faso	117	56.7	-2.7	96	59.4	-0.6	95	60.0	0.4	93	59.6	0.5	104	59.1	0.5	102	58.6	-0.3	98	58.9	-1.0	86	59.9	-
Cambodia	113	57.3	-0.5	105	57.8	-0.9	101	58.7	-0.8	94	59.5	1.6	112	57.9	0.4	110	57.5	0.1	108	57.4	-1.1	95	58.5	-
Croatia	84	62.2	0.8	86	61.4	0.4	92	61.0	1.6	95	59.4	0.3	103	59.1	-2.4	81	61.5	1.1	87	60.4	-0.9	78	61.3	-
Benin	133	55.2	-0.1	127	55.3	-1.4	120	56.7	-2.5	96	59.2	-0.1	101	59.3	0.5	99	58.8	1.7	113	57.1	-0.5	101	57.6	-
Slovenia	52	67.8	2.3	58	65.5	0.7	64	64.8	5.6	97	59.2	-1.4	90	60.6	0.3	88	60.3	-2.4	74	62.7	1.0	76	61.7	-
Nicaragua	115	57.2	-0.5	107	57.7	-1.2	100	58.9	-0.3	98	59.2	0.6	109	58.6	1.0	108	57.6	-0.8	102	58.4	1.8	110	56.6	-
Serbia	65	66.0	2.1	69	63.9	1.4	80	62.5	3.6	99	58.9	-3.2	77	62.1	2.1	90	60.0	0.6	95	59.4	0.8	94	58.6	-
Honduras	93	61.1	0.9	93	60.2	-0.4	94	60.6	1.8	100	58.8	1.1	113	57.7	0.3	116	57.4	0.3	112	57.1	-1.3	96	58.4	-
Belize	111	57.4	2.0	123	55.4	-1.7	116	57.1	-1.5	101	58.6	1.2	118	57.4	0.6	117	56.8	0.1	115	56.7	-0.6	102	57.3	-
Mali	126	55.9	-2.2	103	58.1	0.5	113	57.6	-1.0	102	58.6	2.1	121	56.5	0.1	119	56.4	0.9	122	55.5	-0.9	111	56.4	-
Gabon	118	56.7	0.4	118	56.3	-1.7	109	58.0	-0.6	103	58.6	-0.4	105	59.0	0.7	104	58.3	0.5	105	57.8	0.0	99	57.8	-
Belarus	88	61.7	3.8	104	57.9	-0.2	108	58.1	-0.5	104	58.6	9.8	157	48.8	-1.0	153	49.8	-0.3	150	50.1	2.1	154	48.0	-
Tanzania	89	61.7	1.5	94	60.2	0.3	97	59.9	1.3	105	58.6	0.1	110	58.5	1.0	109	57.5	-0.3	106	57.8	-0.1	98	57.9	-
Guyana	124	56.2	-0.6	113	56.8	-1.9	102	58.7	0.2	106	58.5	3.1	127	55.4	-0.1	123	55.5	-0.2	121	55.7	1.9	129	53.8	-
Bhutan	85	62.1	-0.8	74	62.9	1.1	87	61.8	3.4	107	58.4	-1.1	97	59.5	2.1	115	57.4	0.7	116	56.7	1.7	122	55.0	-
Samoa	86	62.1	-0.1	82	62.2	0.7	90	61.5	3.1	108	58.4	-5.1	69	63.5	1.6	78	61.9	0.8	84	61.1	4.0	106	57.1	-
Tajikistan	155	52.2	-3.4	122	55.6	-2.7	106	58.3	0.1	109	58.2	6.9	149	51.3	-1.4	140	52.7	0.7	139	52.0	-1.4	131	53.4	-
Moldova	87	62.0	2.9	97	59.1	0.7	105	58.4	0.4	110	58.0	0.6	117	57.4	-0.1	111	57.5	0.2	110	57.3	1.8	115	55.5	-
China	103	59.5	1.1	100	58.4	0.6	110	57.8	0.4	111	57.4	5.4	144	52.0	-0.7	139	52.7	0.2	137	52.5	0.6	136	51.9	-
Sri Lanka	112	57.4	1.0	115	56.4	-1.4	111	57.8	0.4	112	57.4	-2.5	93	59.9	1.3	101	58.6	-1.4	90	60.0	-0.7	81	60.7	-
Madagascar	99	60.5	3.9	114	56.6	-0.2	119	56.8	-0.6	113	57.4	-3.7	87	61.1	-0.6	79	61.7	0.0	79	61.7	-0.3	73	62.0	-
Russia	94	61.0	2.1	98	58.9	0.7	107	58.2	1.1	114	57.1	6.5	153	50.6	-1.5	143	52.1	0.2	140	51.9	0.8	139	51.1	-
Nigeria	116	57.2	-0.1	111	57.3	-1.2	104	58.5	1.4	115	57.1	-0.4	116	57.5	1.9	120	55.6	1.3	129	54.3	-0.8	120	55.1	-
Cape Verde	76	63.6	0.5	73	63.1	3.1	96	60.0	3.1	116	56.9	-9.6	57	66.5	0.1	60	66.4	0.3	60	66.1	2.4	65	63.7	-
Democratic Republic of the Congo	162	49.5	-0.8	157	50.3	-1.8	147	52.1	-4.3	117	56.4	10.0	163	46.4	1.4	168	45.0	4.4	172	40.6	1.0	171	39.6	-
Ghana	104	59.4	1.9	109	57.5	1.5	122	56.0	-0.2	118	56.2	-6.8	72	63.0	0.0	71	63.0	-1.2	66	64.2	2.9	77	61.3	-
Guinea-Bissau	148	53.3	-0.7	135	54.0	-2.9	118	56.9	0.8	119	56.1	4.3	145	51.8	-0.2	145	52.0	0.7	143	51.3	0.2	138	51.1	-
Senegal	110	58.0	1.7	117	56.3	0.6	126	55.7	-0.2	120	55.9	-2.2	111	58.1	0.3	106	57.8	2.4	125	55.4	-0.1	116	55.5	-
Comoros	143	53.7	-1.7	124	55.4	-0.8	121	56.2	0.4	121	55.8	3.4	141	52.4	0.3	142	52.1	0.7	142	51.4	3.9	157	47.5	-
Zambia	147	53.5	-0.1	138	53.6	-0.7	132	54.3	-1.5	122	55.8	-3.0	106	58.8	0.1	100	58.7	-1.7	88	60.4	1.7	93	58.7	-
Tunisia	128	55.8	0.4	125	55.4	-3.5	99	58.9	3.2	123	55.7	-1.9	114	57.6	-0.1	107	57.7	0.4	109	57.3	0.3	107	57.0	-
São Tomé and Príncipe	125	56.2	2.2	134	54.0	0.4	137	53.6	-1.8	124	55.4	-1.3	120	56.7	3.4	136	53.3	4.5	157	48.8	0.8	153	48.0	-
Nepal	139	54.2	0.4	136	53.8	-0.3	133	54.1	-1.0	125	55.1	4.2	151	50.9	-0.4	152	51.3	1.2	149	50.1	-0.3	141	50.4	-
Solomon Islands	150	52.9	-1.7	133	54.6	-2.9	114	57.5	2.5	126	55.0	8.0	161	47.0	0.0	159	47.0	0.8	165	46.2	1.2	165	45.0	-
Greece	100	59.9	2.2	106	57.7	0.4	115	57.3	2.3	127	55.0	1.8	138	53.2	-0.8	130	54.0	-1.7	119	55.7	0.3	117	55.4	-
Bangladesh	122	56.4	0.8	121	55.6	0.5	128	55.1	0.1	128	55.0	1.7	137	53.3	-0.6	131	53.9	-0.2	131	54.1	1.5	132	52.6	-
Mongolia	127	55.9	0.5	126	55.4	-0.3	125	55.7	0.9	129	54.8	-4.6	100	59.4	0.2	96	59.2	0.3	97	58.9	-2.8	75	61.7	-
Barbados	92	61.4	-3.3	67	64.7	7.7	117	57.0	2.5	130	54.5	-13.8	45	68.3	0.4	46	67.9	-0.4	45	68.3	-1.0	39	69.3	-
Mauritania	130	55.3	-0.4	119	55.7	1.7	134	54.0	-0.4	131	54.4	-0.4	128	54.8	1.5	135	53.3	0.1	134	53.2	0.9	134	52.3	-
Federated States of Micronesia	156	52.0	0.1	149	51.9	-0.4	143	52.3	-1.8	132	54.1	2.3	147	51.8	2.2	154	49.6	-0.2	153	49.8	-0.3	143	50.1	-
Laos	129	55.5	-1.9	110	57.4	3.8	138	53.6	-0.4	133	54.0	4.2	155	49.8	-1.6	150	51.4	0.2	144	51.2	1.1	144	50.1	-
Lesotho	138	54.5	1.4	142	53.1	-0.8	136	53.9	0.0	134	53.9	3.3	152	50.6	1.0	155	49.6	0.1	154	49.5	1.6	155	47.9	-
Kenya	132	55.3	0.2	130	55.1	0.4	129	54.7	1.2	135	53.5	-4.0	115	57.5	1.9	122	55.6	-1.5	111	57.1	1.2	114	55.9	-
Gambia	123	56.3	3.9	146	52.4	0.1	145	52.3	-1.1	136	53.4	-3.7	119	57.1	-0.4	113	57.5	-2.0	92	59.5	0.7	92	58.8	-
Lebanon	157	51.7	0.6	154	51.1	-2.1	140	53.2	-0.1	137	53.3	-6.2	98	59.5	0.2	94	59.3	-0.1	96	59.4	-0.1	91	59.5	-
Togo	140	54.1	3.8	158	50.3	2.5	168	47.8	-5.4	138	53.2	-0.4	135	53.6	0.1	138	53.0	3.1	152	49.9	1.1	150	48.8	-
Burundi	166	49.0	0.1	162	48.9	-2.0	157	50.9	-2.3	139	53.2	-0.7	133	53.9	0.2	132	53.7	2.3	141	51.4	2.4	148	49.0	-
Brazil	144	53.7	1.8	150	51.9	0.5	153	51.4	-1.5	140	52.9	-3.6	122	56.5	-0.1	118	56.6	-0.3	114	56.9	-0.8	100	57.7	-
Pakistan	135	54.8	-0.2	131	55.0	0.6	131	54.4	1.6	141	52.8	-3.1	126	55.9	0.3	121	55.6	0.4	126	55.2	0.1	121	55.1	-
Ethiopia	146	53.6	0.0	137	53.6	0.8	142	52.8	0.1	142	52.7	1.2	148	51.5	0.0	149	51.5	1.5	151	50.0	0.6	146	49.4	-
India	120	56.5	1.3	129	55.2	0.7	130	54.5	1.9	143	52.6	-3.6	123	56.2	1.6	128	54.6	-1.1	120	55.7	0.5	119	55.2	-
Egypt	142	54.0	1.5	144	52.5	-0.9	139	53.4	0.8	144	52.6	-3.4	125	56.0	0.8	124	55.2	2.3	135	52.9	-1.9	125	54.8	-
Sierra Leone	168	48.0	0.5	167	47.5	-4.3	151	51.8	-0.8	145	52.6	0.3	142	52.3	0.6	147	51.7	1.2	148	50.5	2.2	151	48.3	-
Myanmar	141	54.0	0.4	139	53.6	-0.3	135	53.9	1.4	146	52.5	3.8	158	48.7	1.8	161	46.9	0.4	162	46.5	7.3	172	39.2	-
Vietnam	105	58.8	3.5	128	55.3	2.2	141	53.1	0.7	147	52.4	-1.6	131	54.0	2.3	148	51.7	0.9	147	50.8	-0.2	140	51.0	-
Uzbekistan	114	57.2	3.9	140	53.3	1.8	152	51.5	-0.8	148	52.3	6.3	166	46.0	-1.0	160	47.0	0.5	163	46.5	0.5	162	46.0	-
Malawi	152	52.8	1.4	153	51.4	-0.6	148	52.0	-0.2	149	52.2	0.4	146	51.8	-3.0	126	54.8	-0.6	124	55.4	0.1	118	55.3	-
Cameroon	145	53.6	1.2	145	52.4	0.5	149	51.9	0.1	150	51.8	-2.4	130	54.2	2.3	146	51.9	-0.7	136	52.6	0.3	133	52.3	-
Central African Republic	159	50.7	1.6	161	49.1	-0.1	163	49.2	-2.6	151	51.8	6.6	168	45.2	-0.7	166	45.9	-0.8	161	46.7	-3.7	142	50.4	-
Papua New Guinea	108	58.4	0.0	101	58.4	2.7	127	55.7	4.8	152	50.9	-2.3	140	53.2	0.1	137	53.1	-0.8	132	53.9	0.3	130	53.6	-
Kiribati	172	45.2	-2.1	168	47.3	-3.5	159	50.8	-0.1	153	50.9	4.7	165	46.2	-0.2	164	46.4	0.1	164	46.3	0.4	163	45.9	-
Niger	137	54.7	3.1	151	51.6	2.1	160	49.5	-1.3	154	50.8	-3.5	129	54.3	-0.3	127	54.6	-0.5	127	55.1	1.2	128	53.9	-
Iran	164	49.2	-1.9	155	51.1	0.2	156	50.9	0.4	155	50.5	7.0	171	43.5	1.7	171	41.8	1.5	173	40.3	-2.9	168	43.2	-
Argentina	149	53.1	0.9	148	52.2	-0.1	144	52.3	1.9	156	50.4	6.6	169	43.8	-0.3	169	44.1	-0.5	166	44.6	-2.1	160	46.7	-
Maldives	119	56.5	3.3	141	53.2	2.1	155	51.1	0.8	157	50.3	-3.6	132	53.9	0.5	134	53.4	2.4	145	51.0	2.0	149	49.0	-
Mozambique	160	50.5	1.9	163	48.6	2.3	170	46.3	-3.6	158	49.9	-3.3	139	53.2	-1.6	125	54.8	-0.2	128	55.0	0	123	55.0	-
Haiti	153	52.3	-0.4	143	52.7	-3.1	124	55.8	6.2	159	49.6	-1.7	150	51.3	0.0	151	51.3	2.4	156	48.9	0.8	152	48.1	-
Ecuador	158	51.3	4.4	170	46.9	-1.6	165	48.5	-0.8	160	49.3	0.7	159	48.6	-0.6	156	49.2	1.2	159	48.0	1.1	159	46.9	-
Liberia	165	49.0	-0.7	160	49.7	-1.2	158	50.9	1.8	161	49.1	-3.1	143	52.2	-0.5	141	52.7	0.3	138	52.4	3.1	147	49.3	-
Chad	161	50.2	0.3	159	49.9	0.6	162	49.3	0.3	162	49.0	2.7	164	46.3	0.4	165	45.9	1.4	167	44.5	-0.7	164	45.2	-
Sudan	173	45.0	-2.7	166	47.7	-1.7	161	49.4	0.6	164	48.8	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Angola	154	52.2	1.6	156	50.6	2.0	164	48.6	0.1	165	48.5	-0.4	156	48.9	1.0	158	47.9	0.2	160	47.7	0.4	158	47.3	-
Ukraine	134	54.9	2.6	147	52.3	0.4	150	51.9	3.8	166	48.1	1.3	162	46.8	-0.1	162	46.9	-2.4	155	49.3	3.0	161	46.3	-
Suriname	163	49.5	1.4	165	48.1	0.0	166	48.1	0.1	167	48.0	-5.8	134	53.8	-0.4	129	54.2	0.0	130	54.2	2.2	135	52.0	-
Bolivia	175	42.8	0.5	173	42.3	-1.8	173	44.1	-3.6	168	47.7	0.3	160	47.4	0.6	163	46.8	-1.6	158	48.4	0.5	156	47.9	-
Guinea	121	56.5	0.8	120	55.7	3.5	146	52.2	4.6	169	47.6	-5.7	136	53.3	1.2	144	52.1	-1.4	133	53.5	2.3	137	51.2	-
Turkmenistan	170	46.5	-1.9	164	48.4	1.3	169	47.1	-0.3	170	47.4	5.5	174	41.9	0.5	172	41.4	-0.8	171	42.2	-0.4	169	42.6	-
Djibouti	151	52.9	5.8	169	47.1	2.0	171	45.1	-1.6	171	46.7	-9.3	124	56.0	-1.5	112	57.5	1.6	118	55.9	2.0	127	53.9	-
Algeria	169	46.9	0.7	171	46.2	1.5	172	44.7	-1.8	172	46.5	-3.6	154	50.1	1.2	157	48.9	-1.9	146	50.8	1.2	145	49.6	-
Timor-Leste	171	45.9	1.7	172	44.2	-3.9	167	48.1	1.8	173	46.3	0.5	167	45.8	0.3	167	45.5	2.3	170	43.2	-0.5	166	43.7	-
Equatorial Guinea	167	48.3	7.3	174	41.0	-1.0	175	42.0	-3.0	174	45.0	1.3	170	43.7	3.3	173	40.4	-4.0	168	44.4	2.1	170	42.3	-
Zimbabwe	174	43.1	2.7	175	40.4	-3.6	174	44.0	0.0	175	44.0	5.8	175	38.2	0.6	175	37.6	2.1	176	35.5	6.9	175	28.6	-
Eritrea	177	38.5	-0.4	177	38.9	-2.8	176	41.7	-0.5	176	42.2	-0.5	173	42.7	3.8	174	38.9	0.4	174	38.5	2.2	173	36.3	-
Republic of the Congo	176	41.8	2.1	176	39.7	0.8	177	38.9	-1.1	177	40.0	-2.8	172	42.8	0.1	170	42.7	-1.0	169	43.7	0.2	167	43.5	-
Cuba	178	26.9	-0.9	178	27.8	-4.1	178	31.9	-2.0	178	33.9	4.1	177	29.8	0.2	177	29.6	0.9	177	28.7	0.2	176	28.5	-
Venezuela	179	25.2	-0.7	179	25.9	0.7	179	25.2	-1.8	179	27.0	-6.7	176	33.7	-0.6	176	34.3	-2.0	175	36.3	0.2	174	36.1	-
North Korea	180	4.2	-1.7	180	5.9	0.1	180	5.8	0.9	180	4.9	2.6	178	2.3	1.0	178	1.3	0.3	178	1.0	-0.5	177	1.5	-
Yemen	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	133	53.7	-1.8	123	55.5	-0.4	113	55.9