Inclined building

An inclined building is a building that was intentionally built at an incline. Buildings are built with an incline primarily for aesthetics, offering a unique feature to a city's skyline, as well as framing other buildings and structures between them when built in pairs.

Puerta de Europa, the first inclined skyscrapers ever built.[citation needed]

Design

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Despite the outward appearance of an inclined building as "leaning-over", they are as structurally sound as any non-inclined building. The mass of the building's upper floors is always equal or less than the mass of the building's lower floors, ensuring the building remains balanced around its centre of mass.

The upward slope of an inclined building is not to be confused with the upward slope of an otherwise non-inclined building, such as the Leadenhall Building in London. It should also not be confused with the top-heavy design of an otherwise non-inclined building, such as Vancouver House in Vancouver.

Tallest inclined buildings

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As of October 2019, this list includes all intentionally inclined buildings (completed and architecturally topped out) which reach a height of 30 metres (98 ft) or more, as assessed by their highest architectural feature. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts.

boldDenotes building that is or was once the tallest in the world
RankNameImageLocationCountryHeight
m (ft)
FloorsInclinationCompletedNotesRef
1Altair - East Tower Colombo  Sri Lanka209.1 m (686 ft)6813.8°2019Completed 2021. Tallest inclined building in the world since 2019, as well as the tallest building in Sri Lanka. Its inclusion on the list is arguable as it is not entirely self supported, there is a structural connection to the project's West Tower on the leaning side.[1]
2Capital Gate Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates164.7 m (540 ft)3618°2011Tallest inclined building in the world from 2011 to 2019.[2]
3American Copper Buildings - East Tower New York City, New York  United States143.1 m (469 ft)402017[3]
4Veer Towers Las Vegas, Nevada  United States137 m (449 ft)372010Tallest inclined buildings in the world from 2010 to 2011. Tallest inclined twin buildings in the world since 2010.[4][5]
5Marina Tower Melbourne Melbourne, Victoria  Australia134.9 m (443 ft)432017Tallest inclined building in the Southern Hemisphere.[6]
6Puerta de Europa Madrid  Spain113.8 m (373 ft)2615°1996Tallest inclined buildings in the world from 1996 to 2010.[7][8]
7AC Hotel Bella Sky Copenhagen Copenhagen  Denmark76.5 m (251 ft)2415°2011[9]
8City Hall London  United Kingdom45.1 m (148 ft)10?2002[10]
9Museum of the Second World War Gdańsk  Poland40.6 m (133 ft)656°2017[11][12]
10Dockland Office Building Hamburg  Germany39.9 m (131 ft)866°2005Features an inclination of 66°, the most of any inclined building.[13][14]
11Wellington International Airport ATC TowerWellington  New Zealand32 m (105 ft)812.5°2018Also known as "the leaning tower of Rongotai".[15]

Other Examples

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"The Geese" of Akademgorodok, Russia.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Altair - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  2. ^ "Capital Gate Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  3. ^ "American Copper Buildings East Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-29.
  4. ^ "Veer Towers East - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  5. ^ "Veer Towers West - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  6. ^ "Marina Tower - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  7. ^ "Puerta de Europa Torre I - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  8. ^ "Puerta de Europa Torre II - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  9. ^ "Bella Sky Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 2019-09-28.
  10. ^ "London City Hall, London - SkyscraperPage.com". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  11. ^ "Museum of the Second World War, Gdańsk | 1353519 | EMPORIS". www.emporis.com. Archived from the original on October 20, 2019. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  12. ^ "Wyborcza.pl". trojmiasto.wyborcza.pl. Retrieved 2020-01-10.
  13. ^ "Dockland Office Building, Hamburg". Verdict Designbuild. Retrieved 2019-10-16.
  14. ^ "Dockland, Hamburg - SkyscraperPage.com". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 2019-10-20.
  15. ^ [email protected] @gbradleynz, Grant Bradley Aviation, tourism and energy writer for the NZ Herald (2018-02-05). "New 'leaning tower of Rongotai' is eye-catching marvel". ISSN 1170-0777. Retrieved 2019-10-20.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ Xiong, Daisy. "Over 1,100 new dwellings to tower near Brighouse Station". Richmond News. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
  17. ^ "Landmark redevelopment with 4 towers proposed next to Richmond-Brighouse Station | Urbanized". dailyhive.com. Retrieved 2019-09-30.
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