Vooruit (Dutch for Onward, pronounced [voːrˈœyt] ) is a Flemish social democratic political party in Belgium.[5][6][7][8] It was known as the (Flemish) Socialist Party[9][10][11] (1978–2001: Socialistische Partij, SP; 2001–2021: Socialistische Partij Anders,[a] SP.A) until 21 March 2021, when its current name was adopted.[12]
Forward Vooruit | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President | Melissa Depraetere |
| Founded | 1978 |
| Preceded by | Belgian Socialist Party |
| Headquarters | Keizerslaan 13, Brussels |
| Youth wing | Jongsocialisten |
| Membership (2014) |  49,703[1][2] |
| Ideology | Social democracy[3] |
| Political position | Centre-left[4] |
| European affiliation | Party of European Socialists |
| International affiliation | Progressive Alliance |
| European Parliament group | Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats |
| Francophone counterpart | Socialist Party |
| Colours | Red |
| Chamber of Representatives | 9 / 87 (Flemish seats) |
| Senate | 4 / 35 (Flemish seats) |
| Flemish Parliament | 13 / 124 |
| Brussels Parliament | 3 / 17 (Flemish seats) |
| European Parliament | 1 / 12 (Flemish seats) |
| Flemish Provincial Councils | 18 / 175 |
| Website | |
| vooruit | |
Formerly Socialist Party Socialistische Partij (1978–2001) Socialist Party Differently Socialistische Partij Anders (2001–2021) | |
The party was founded following the linguistic split of the unitary Belgian Socialist Party in 1978, which also produced the Francophone Socialist Party. The Belgian Socialist Party itself consisted of former members of the Belgian Labour Party. From December 2011 to September 2014, the party was part of the Di Rupo Government, along with its Francophone counterpart. In 2020, it re-entered federal government as part of the De Croo Government. The party has been a part of the Flemish Government several times.
History edit
1885–1940 edit
1940–1978 edit
Since 1978 edit
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2010) |
The party was the big winner in the 2003 election, running on the SP.A–Spirit joint list (cartel) with the social-liberal party Spirit. Their share of the vote went up from 9% (of the total Belgian vote) to almost 15%, a second place in the number of votes. The main victim of this resurgence was the Green! party (formerly known as Agalev). SP.A was part of the "purple" federal coalitions of Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt from 12 July 1999 until 10 June 2007, which contained both the Flemish and Francophone liberal and social-democratic parties.
In 2004, the SP.A along with its partner Spirit lost the elections for the Flemish Parliament. Although they won more seats in comparison to the Flemish elections of 1999, their percentage of the vote compared to the successful 2003 federal elections was considerably down. The reputation of then party leader Steve Stevaert took a beating too.
The party was briefly led by Caroline Gennez, after former president Steve Stevaert left to become governor of Limburg. Johan Vande Lanotte, who served as Minister of the Budget in the federal Government, was elected President and resigned as minister to become President on 17 October 2005. He resigned 11 June 2007, after SP.A–Spirit lost the elections for the federal parliament of 10 June 2007.[13] In these federal elections, the cartel won 14 out of 150 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 4 out of 40 seats in the Senate. Afterwards, Caroline Gennez was elected President by the party members.
As of May 2009, SP.A was in opposition in federal politics. Unlike its Francophone counterpart, the Socialist Party (PS), SP.A was not a participant in the Leterme II Government.
In January 2009, the party had apparently changed its name to Socialists and Progressive Differently (Dutch: Socialisten en Progressieven Anders). This name change was retracted and the party baseline was changed from Social Progressive Alternative (Dutch: Sociaal Progressief Alternatief) to Socialists and Progressive Differently (Dutch: Socialisten en Progressieven Anders).[14]
In the 2010 federal election, SP.A won 13 seats with 9% of the overall vote. The party was a member of the Di Rupo Government formed on 6 December 2011, until the elections in 2014. In the elections for the Chamber of Representatives on 25 May 2014, SP.A scored again 9% and received 13 seats, in contrast to their francophone Socialist Party counterparts, who lost 3 seats and whose share of the vote decreased by 2%. In the Flemish Parliament, SP.A have 18 representatives, deriving from around 14% of the vote—this is a small reduction on the 2009 parliament, where SP.A had 19 seats, deriving from 15% of the popular vote. From 2009–2014, SP.A participated in the Flemish Government, in an uneasy coalition with the CD & V and the N-VA. From 2014 onwards, SP.A formed part of the opposition in Flanders, as the regional government reflected the Flemish component of the federal administration, consisting of coalition of the Open-VLD, CD & V and the N-VA.
In January 2018, the party advocated for a "new socialism" and a "new equality".[15][16] In September 2020, party leader Conner Rousseau announced a renaming of the party to Vooruit ("Forward").[17] The new name was made official on 21 March 2021.
Political views edit
Vooruit is a Flemish social-democratic party. Equal opportunities and solidarity are central to the party. The party strives to ensure that those who earn the most or own the greatest wealth also pay the highest taxes so that the government can meet the needs of people who are less fortunate. Vooruit focuses on protecting the purchasing power of ordinary citizens. It opposes cuts in social security and advocates investment, especially in education and health care.[18]
Presidents edit
| Presidents of the SP[19] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period | President | ||||||||
| 1978–1989 | Karel Van Miert | ||||||||
| 1989–1994 | Frank Vandenbroucke | ||||||||
| 1994–1998 | Louis Tobback | ||||||||
| 1998–1999 | Fred Erdman | ||||||||
| 1999–2001 | Patrick Janssens | ||||||||
| Presidents of Vooruit[19] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period | President | Vice-President | |||||||
| 2001–2003 | Patrick Janssens | ||||||||
| 2003–2005 | Steve Stevaert | Caroline Gennez | |||||||
| 2005 | Caroline Gennez (ad interim) | N/A | |||||||
| 2005–2007 | Johan Vande Lanotte | Caroline Gennez | |||||||
| 2007–2011 | Caroline Gennez | Dirk Van der Maelen | |||||||
| 2011–2015 | Bruno Tobback | Joke Quintens | |||||||
| 2015–2019 | John Crombez | Stephanie Van Houtven | |||||||
| 2019–2023 | Conner Rousseau | Funda Oru | |||||||
| 2023–present | Melissa Depraetere (ad interim) | Funda Oru | |||||||
Members holding notable public offices edit
European politics edit
| European Parliament | |
|---|---|
| Name | Committees |
| Kathleen Van Brempt | International Trade |
Federal politics edit
| Chamber of Representatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Notes | Name | Notes |
 Melissa Depraetere | Faction leader | Vicky Reynaert | |
 Jan Bertels | Ben Segers | ||
 Bert Moyaers | Kris Verduyckt | ||
 Anja Vanrobaeys | Joris Vandenbroucke | ||
 Karine Jiroflée | |||
| Senate | ||
|---|---|---|
| Type | Name | Notes |
| Co-opted Senator |  Bert Anciaux | Faction leader |
| Community Senator | Kurt De Loor | |
| Community Senator | Katia Segers | |
| Community Senator | Annick Lambrecht | |
| Belgian Federal De Croo Government | ||
|---|---|---|
| Public Office | Name | Function |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Frank Vandenbroucke | Social Affairs and Public Health |
| Minister | Meryame Kitir | Development Cooperation and Urban Policy |
Regional politics edit
| Flemish Parliament | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Notes | Name | Notes | ||
| Hannelore Goeman | Fraction Leader | Conner Rousseau | Party President | ||
| Kurt De Loor | Community Senator | Freya Van den Bossche | |||
| Annick Lambrecht | Community Senator | Steve Vandenberghe | Mayor of Bredene | ||
| Maxim Veys | Katia Segers | Community Senator | |||
| Bruno Tobback | Caroline Gennez | ||||
| Hannes Anaf | Els Robeyns | Mayor of Wellen | |||
| Ludwig Vandenhove | |||||
| Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Notes | ||
| Fouad Ahidar | |||
| Els Rochette | |||
| Hilde Sabbe | |||
| Brussels Regional Government Vervoort II | ||
|---|---|---|
| Public Office | Name | Function |
| Minister | Pascal Smet | Urbanism, European and International Affairs, Foreign Trade, Fire Fighting and Emergency Medical Assistance |
Provincial politics edit
| Provincial Council | ||
|---|---|---|
| Province | Percentage | Seats |
 Antwerp | 12,80% | 10 / 72 |
 Limburg | 20,10%° | 13 / 63 |
 East Flanders | 12,70% | 9 / 72 |
 Flemish Brabant | 12,10% | 8 / 72 |
 West Flanders | 15,80% | 12 / 72 |
° In Limburg, SP.A formed a cartel with Groen.
Electoral results edit
Chamber of Representatives edit
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/- | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | 684,976 | 12.4 | 26 / 212 | Coalition | |
| 1981 | 744,593 | 12.4 | 26 / 212 | Opposition | |
| 1985 | 882,200 | 14.6 | 32 / 212 |  6 | Opposition |
| 1987 | 915,432 | 14.9 | 32 / 212 |  0 | Coalition |
| 1991 | 737,976 | 12.0 | 28 / 212 | 4 | Coalition |
| 1995 | 762,444 | 12.6 | 20 / 150 | 8 | Coalition |
| 1999 | 593,372 | 9.5 | 14 / 150 | 6 | Coalition |
| 2003* | 979,750 | 14.9 | 23 / 150 | 9 | Coalition |
| 2007 | 684,390 | 10.3 | 14 / 150 | 9 | Opposition |
| 2010 | 602,867 | 9.2 | 13 / 150 | 1 | Coalition |
| 2014 | 595,190 | 8.8 | 13 / 150 | 0 | Opposition |
| 2019 | 455,034 | 6.7 | 9 / 150 | 4 | External support (2020) |
| Coalition (2020-) |
Senate edit
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/- |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | 678,776 | 12.4 | 13 / 106 | |
| 1981 | 732,126 | 12.3 | 13 / 106 | 0 |
| 1985 | 868,624 | 14.5 | 16 / 106 | 3 |
| 1987 | 896,294 | 14.7 | 17 / 106 | 1 |
| 1991 | 730,274 | 11.9 | 14 / 106 | 3 |
| 1995 | 792,941 | 13.2 | 6 / 40 | 8 |
| 1999 | 550,657 | 8.9 | 4 / 40 | 2 |
| 2003[b] | 1,013,560 | 15.5 | 7 / 40 | 3 |
| 2007 | 665,342 | 10.0 | 4 / 40 | 3 |
| 2010 | 613,079 | 9.5 | 4 / 40 | 0 |
Regional edit
Brussels Parliament edit
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/- | Government | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D.E.C. | Overall | |||||
| 1995 | 11,710 | 2.7 (#9) | 2 / 75 | Coalition | ||
| 1995 | 9,987 | 2.4 (#9) | 2 / 75 | 0 | Coalition | |
| 1999[c] | 13,223 | 21.8 (#4) | 3.1 (#8) | 2 / 75 | 0 | Coalition |
| 2004[b] | 11,052 | 17.7 (#3) | 2.4 (#8) | 3 / 89 | 1 | Coalition |
| 2009 | 10,085 | 19.5 (#2) | 2.2 (#6) | 4 / 89 | 1 | Opposition |
| 2014 | 10,450 | 19.5 (#2) | 2.3 (#8) | 3 / 89 | 1 | Coalition |
| 2019 | 10,540 | 15.1 (#3) | 2.3 (#10) | 3 / 89 | 0 | Coalition |
Flemish Parliament edit
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/- | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 733,703 | 19.4 (#3) | 25 / 124 | Coalition | |
| 1999 | 582,419 | 15.0 (#4) | 19 / 124 | 6 | Coalition |
| 2004[d] | 799,325 | 19.7 (#4) | 22 / 124 | 3 | Coalition |
| 2009 | 627,852 | 15.3 (#3) | 19 / 124 | 3 | Coalition |
| 2014 | 587,903 | 14.0 (#4) | 18 / 124 | 1 | Opposition |
| 2019 | 429,631 | 10.1 (#5) | 12 / 124 | 6 | Opposition |
European Parliament edit
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/- | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D.E.C. | Overall | ||||
| 1979 | 698,889 | 20.9 (#2) | 12.8 | 3 / 24 | |
| 1984 | 979,702 | 28.1 (#2) | 17.1 | 4 / 24 | 1 |
| 1989 | 733,242 | 20.0 (#2) | 12.4 | 3 / 24 | 1 |
| 1994 | 651,371 | 17.6 (#3) | 10.9 | 3 / 25 | |
| 1999 | 550,237 | 14.2 (#4) | 8.8 | 2 / 25 | 1 |
| 2004[b] | 716,317 | 17.8 (#3) | 11.0 | 3 / 24 | 1 |
| 2009 | 539,393 | 13.2 (#4) | 8.2 | 2 / 22 | 1 |
| 2014 | 555,354 | 13.2 (#4) | 8.3 | 1 / 21 | 1 |
| 2019 | 434,002 | 10.2 (#6) | 6.4 | 1 / 21 | 0 |
Symbols edit
2001–2010
2010–2018
2018–2021
2021–
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Notes edit
References edit
- ^ "Open VLD heeft de meeste leden en steekt CD&V voorbij". deredactie.be. 30 October 2014.
- ^ "Open Vld telt meeste leden". De Morgen. 30 October 2014.
- ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Flanders/Belgium". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
- ^ Josep M. Colomer (2008). Comparative European Politics. Taylor & Francis. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-203-94609-1.
- ^ Hans Slomp (2011). Europe, A Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics. ABC-CLIO. p. 465. ISBN 978-0-313-39182-8.
- ^ Dimitri Almeida (2012). The Impact of European Integration on Political Parties: Beyond the Permissive Consensus. CRC Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-1-136-34039-0.
- ^ Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko; Matti Mälkiä (2007). Encyclopedia of Digital Government. Idea Group Inc (IGI). p. 397. ISBN 978-1-59140-790-4.
- ^ Cas Mudde; Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser (2012). Populism in Europe and the Americas: Threat Or Corrective for Democracy?. Cambridge University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-107-02385-7.
- ^ "sp.a - the Flemish Socialist Party". sp.a. Archived from the original on 23 September 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- ^ "Conner Rousseau is the new leader of the Flemish Socialist Party". VRT NWS. 8 November 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- ^ Von der Burchard, Hans (21 May 2018). "Belgian socialist party circulates 'deep fake' Donald Trump video". Politico. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- ^ Torbeyns, Anouck (21 March 2021). "SP.A is officieel Vooruit: 'Definitief afstand van de stilstand'". De Standaard (in Dutch). Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ "Vande Lanotte gooit handdoek in de ring" (in Dutch). VRT. 11 June 2007. Retrieved 12 June 2007.
- ^ Naam van sp.a verandert niet, begeleidende slogan wel Archived 20 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine ("Sp.a name doesn't change, baseline does"), GvA, 17 January 2009
- ^ "Le sp.a pour un "nouveau socialisme" et de "nouvelles égalités" (in French). RTBF. 21 January 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- ^ "Le sp.a pour un "nouveau socialisme". Le Vif/L'Express (in French). 21 January 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- ^ Arnoudt, Rik (9 September 2020). "SP.A verandert binnenkort van naam en gaat "Vooruit" heten". VRT NWS (in Dutch). Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- ^ "Waar staat Vooruit voor?" (in Dutch). VRT NWS. 15 April 2024.
- ^ a b "sp.a partijvoorzitters". Tijdslijn.s-p-a.be. Archived from the original on 9 October 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2010.
Further reading edit
- Johan Vande Lanotte (2010), Vlugschrift – over welvaart en geluk, (retrievable on the website sp.a-ledenbeheer[permanent dead link]), 96 p., ISBN 978-90-486-0629-0.
- Patrick Vander Weyden, Koen Abts (2010), De basis spreekt — onderzoek naar de leden, mandatarissen en kiezers van sp.a (research on members sp.a by Ghent University), Acco (Leuven/Den Haag), 239 p., ISBN 978-90-334-7571-9.
External links edit
Media related to Vooruit (party) at Wikimedia Commons- Official website (Dutch)
