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Ferries in Istanbul

Ferries in Istanbul are a mode of public transportation within and surrounding the city of Istanbul, Turkey. There are three major ferry operators in the city: the municipally owned Şehir Hatları ("City Lines"), which operates traditional vapurs; the privately operated İstanbul Deniz Otobüsleri (İDO) ("İstanbul Sea Busses"), which operates high-speed urban and intercity services, and the privately owned Turyol which operates mostly urban services.

Ferries have been operating on the Bosphorus since 1851.[1]

Ferry Operators

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Şehir Hatları

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The city's largest and oldest ferry operator is the municipally owned Şehir Hatları ("City Lines"). Founded in 1851 as the Şirket-i Hayriye (“The Goodwill Company”),[2] Şehir Hatları operates the city's iconic white and orange ferries (vapurs). Şehir Hatları currently operates 30 ferries between 53 piers on 32 lines, serving both sides of the Bosphorus as well as the Princes' Islands. In 2023 Şehir Hatları transported 40 million passengers.[3]

Istanbul Sea Buses (İDO)

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Main article: İDO

İdo 'Sea Bus' crossing the Bosphorus

Istanbul Sea Buses (İstanbul Deniz Otobusleri, İDO) runs a combination of catamaran-type high-speed ferries and vehicle ferries within Istanbul and across the Sea of Marmara to provinces such as Bursa and Yalova.[4] Ido was established in 1987 by the İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality and was privatized in April 2011.[5] Today, İDO, maintains a fleet of 26 high-speed passenger ferries and 22 vehicle ferries serving 21 piers across the Marmara Region[6]

Turyol

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Another smaller private ferry company, Turyol, provides frequent services on routes from Eminönü, Kabataş, Beyoğlu and Karaköy to piers at Üsküdar, Haydarpaşa and Kadıköy, among others.

History

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Boats have traversed the waters of the Bosphorus for millennia and until the opening of the first Bosphorus bridge in 1973, were the only mode of transport between the European and Asian halves of Istanbul. They continue to serve as a key public transport link for many thousands of commuters, tourists and vehicles every day.

Şehir Hatları ferries c. 1950

The first private steam ferries (called vapur in Turkish[7]), crossed the Bosphorus in 1837. The first ferries were wooden paddle boats and were later replaced by iron and steel screw ships. In 1851, the Şirket-i Hayriye [tr] (literally “The Goodwill Company”, as the Istanbul Ferry Company was originally called) was established by the Ottoman state. The Şirket-i Hayriye, renamed Şehir Hatları in the early republican period. In 1937, Şehir Hatları was nationilized and came under the control of the state-owned Türkiye Denizcilik İşletmeleri (TDİ) (“Turkish Maritime Lines ”). The TDİ was largely privatized in the late 90s and early 2000s and ownership of the Şehir Hatları was transferred to the İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality in March 2006.

Several generations of ferries have served the city and many of the earlier ferries were built by the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company, Glasgow, Scotland. These white, black and yellow boats have gone on to become iconic in the modern popular culture of the city. One was featured in the James Bond film From Russia with Love, while more recently a new-generation and therefore historically inaccurate ferry appeared momentarily in the 2012 film Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy, which was set in the 1970s. The last steam-powered ferry ran until 2003. A new generation of boats, designed by Fairfield but built in Istanbul, came into operation in the 2000s, enhancing the historic fleet.

Lines Operated by Şehir Hatları

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Bostancı Pier at night

Inner Istanbul Lines[8]

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  • Kadıköy - Karaköy - Eminönü
  • Kadıköy - Beşiktaş
  • Kadıköy - Karaköy - Beşiktaş (Only operates on Friday and Saturday nights)
  • Kadıköy - Kabataş
  • Üsküdar - Karaköy - Eminönü
  • Bostancı - Karaköy - Kabataş
  • Golden Horn Line (Üsküdar - Karaköy - Kasımpaşa - Fener - Balat - Hasköy - Ayvansaray - Sütlüce - Eyüpsultan)
  • Aşiyan - Anadolu Hisarı - Küçüksu (Ring)
  • Aşiyan - Üsküdar
  • Kadıköy - Kasımpaşa - Fener - Hasköy - Sütlüce - Eyüpsultan
  • Beşiktaş - Kabataş - Karaköy - Kasımpaşa - Sütlüce - Eyüpsultan
  • Çengelköy - Kabataş
  • Bostancı - Moda - Kadıköy - Kabataş
  • Avcılar - Bakırköy - Yenikapı - Kadıköy (Operated by IDO for Şehir Hatları)
  • Avcılar - Bostancı (Operated by IDO for Şehir Hatları)

Bosphorus Lines[9]

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  • Sarıyer - Rumeli Kavağı - Anadolu Kavağı (Stops at 'Poyraz' pier during the summer season)
  • Sarıyer - Beykoz
  • Küçüksu - Beşiktaş - Kabataş
  • Çengelköy - İstinye
  • Küçüksu - İstinye
  • Anadolu Kavağı - Üsküdar
  • Rumeli Kavağı - Eminönü
  • Bebek - Emirgan
  • Kadıköy - Sarıyer
  • Ortaköy - Üsküdar - Kadıköy
  • Ortaköy - Beşiktaş - Eminönü

Princes' Island Lines[10]

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  • Beşiktaş - Adalar - Kadıköy
  • Bostancı - Adalar (Ring)
  • Bostancı - Büyükada - Sedef Adası (Only during the summer season)
  • Kabataş - Kadıköy - Adalar
  • Maltepe - Adalar (Büyükada - Heybeliada - Burgazada - Kınalıada)

Bosphorus Tours[11]

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  • Long Bosphorus Tour
  • Short Bosphorus Tour

Vehicle Ferry Line[12]

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  • İstinye - Çubuklu


Fleet

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Şehir Hatları Fleet[13][14]

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ClassShip NameCapacity (Summer/Winter)TypeCommission DateBuilderNotes
M/S Prof. Dr. Aykurt Barka2100/1684Vapur1973İstanbulFormerly known as "Sedefadası"
M/S Barış Manço2100/1684Vapur1973İstanbulFormerly known as "İnciburnu"
M/S Ahmet H. Yıldırım2100/1797Vapur1974İstanbulFormerly known as "Bostancı"
M/S Fahri S. Korutürk2100/1470Vapur1989İstanbul
M/S Emin Kul2100/1470Vapur1989İstanbulFormerly known as "Bahçekapı"
FatihM/S Sarıyer1800/900Vapur2010İstanbul
M/S Kadıköy1800/900Vapur2009İstanbul
M/S Fatih1800/900Vapur2008İstanbul
M/S Beyoğlu1800/900Vapur2009Çeliktrans Shipyard
M/S Beykoz1800/900Vapur2009Çeliktrans Shipyard
BahçeM/S Paşabahçe1700/1700Vapur1952Cantieri navali Tosi di TarantoDecommissioned in 2010. Recommissioned in 2022 after significant renovations at the Haliç Shipyard. Oldest active vessel in the Şehir Hatları fleet.[15]
M/S FenerbahçeN/AVapur1952William Denny & BrothersDecommissioned in 2009. On loan to the Rahmi M. Koç Museum.[14]
KöyM/S Şehit Sami Akbulut1450/1340Vapur1985Haliç ShipyardFormerly known as "Sarayburnu"
M/S Şehit Metin Sülüş1450/1340Vapur1986Haliç Shipyard
M/S Prof. Dr. Alaeddin Yavaşça1512/1259Vapur1987Haliç ShipyardFormerly known as "Kalamış"
M/S Nurettin Alptoğan1450/1340Vapur1985Haliç ShipyardFormerly known as "Bayraklı"
M/S Moda1519/1266Vapur1986Haliç Shipyard
M/S İ. Hakkı Durusu1450/1340Vapur1985Haliç ShipyardFormerly known as "Karşıyaka"
M/S Prof. Dr. Fuat Sezgin1500/1259Vapur1987Haliç ShipyardFormerly known as "Caddebostan"
M/S Beşiktaş I1450/1340Vapur1986Haliç Shipyard
M/S Kızıltoprak1450/1340Vapur1988İstinye Shipyard
ŞühedaM/S Şehit Mustafa Aydoğdu1450/1340Vapur1981Haliç Shipyard
M/S Şehit İlker Karter1450/1340Vapur1980Haliç Shipyard
M/S İstanbul-91450/1340Vapur1977Haliç ShipyardFormerly known as "Şehit Sami Akbulut"
SuŞH - Küçüksu700/508Double-ended2015Yalova
ŞH - Gümüşsu700/508Double-ended2015Yalova
ŞH - Göksu700/508Double-ended2015Yalova
ŞH - Durusu700/508Double-ended2015Yalova
PanaromikSütlüce600/453Motor Boat2009İstanbul
Kasımpaşa600/453Motor Boat2009İstanbul
Hasköy600/453Motor Boat2009İstanbul
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Çelik, Zeynep (1993). The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-520-08239-7.
  2. ^ "Şirket-i Hayriye". sehirhatlari.istanbul. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
  3. ^ sehirhatlari.istanbul https://sehirhatlari.istanbul/en/corporate/sehir-hatlari-616. Retrieved 2024-04-04. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ^ "İstanbul Deniz Otobüsleri - Online Bilet Al | ido.com.tr". www.ido.com.tr. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
  5. ^ Grytsenko, Sergiy (26 September 2011). "EBRD Supports Privatisation of Ferry Operations in Istanbul". The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Archived from the original on 17 June 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
  6. ^ "Hizmetlerimiz". www.ido.com.tr. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
  7. ^ tr:Vapur
  8. ^ "Domestic Trips - Sehir Hatlari ®". sehirhatlari.istanbul. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  9. ^ "Bosphorus Lines- Sehir Hatlari ®". sehirhatlari.istanbul. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  10. ^ "Adalar (Princes' Islands) Lines - Sehir Hatlari ®". sehirhatlari.istanbul. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  11. ^ "Bosphorus Tours - Sehir Hatlari ®". sehirhatlari.istanbul. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  12. ^ "Ferry (Vehicle) - Sehir Hatlari ®". sehirhatlari.istanbul. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  13. ^ "Sehir Hatlari ® Ferries". sehirhatlari.istanbul. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  14. ^ a b "İstanbul - Fenerbahçe Vapuru". www.rmk-museum.org.tr. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  15. ^ "PAŞABAHÇE VAPURU'NUN HİKAYESİ". sehirhatlari.istanbul (in Turkish). Retrieved 2024-04-05.

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