Wiki English 2024
EnglishJapaneseVietnamese

2016 Russian legislative election

Legislative elections were held in Russia on 18 September 2016, having been brought forward from 4 December.[1] At stake were the 450 seats in the State Duma of the 7th convocation, the lower house of the Federal Assembly. Prior to the election United Russia had been the ruling party since winning the 2011 elections with 49.32% of the vote, and taking 238 seats (53%) of the seats in the State Duma.

2016 Russian legislative election
Russia
← 201118 September 20162021 →
All 450 seats in the State Duma
226 seats needed for a majority
PartyLeader%Seats+/–
United RussiaDmitry Medvedev55.23343+105
CommunistGennady Zyuganov13.5942−50
LDPRVladimir Zhirinovsky13.3939−17
A Just RussiaSergey Mironov6.3423−41
RodinaAleksey Zhuravlyov1.531New
Civic PlatformRifat Shaykhutdinov0.221New
Independents––1+1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
The upper map shows the winning party vote in the territorial election commissions, while the lower map shows the party of the winner and vote in the single mandate constituencies.
Chairman of the State Duma before Chairman of the State Duma after
Sergey Naryshkin Sergey Naryshkin
United Russia		 Vyacheslav Volodin
United Russia		Vyacheslav Volodin

Prior to the election, observers expected that turnout would be low and called the election campaign the dullest in recent memory.[2] 109,820,679 voters were registered in the Russian Federation (including Crimea)[nb 1] on 1 January 2016. Taking into account people registered outside the Russian Federation and the voters in Baikonur, the total number of eligible voters for 1 January 2016 was 111,724,534.[4] The vote had a record low turnout of 47.88%,[5] with just 28% of Muscovites casting their votes before 6 pm.[6]

Background edit

Although the elections had been planned for 4 December 2016, deputies discussed the issue of rescheduling to an earlier date since the spring of 2015, with the second and third Sundays of September or October 2016 as possible alternatives. On 1 July 2015, the Constitutional Court of Russia accepted the possibility of conducting early elections to the Duma in 2016 under certain conditions. According to the Court, the constitution does not require the election date to be exactly five years after the previous elections and the election date can be shifted if the following conditions are met:[7]

  • Shifting of the election date does not disrupt reasonable periodicity of elections.
  • Limiting of the real terms of the Duma deputies is insignificant (less than a few months).
  • Shifting of the election dates is announced in advance, so to give all the parties enough time to prepare for the elections.

On 19 June 2015, the State Duma approved the first reading of a bill to bring the election to the State Duma forward from 4 December 2016 to the third Sunday of September 2016. The corresponding bill was adopted by the State Duma on the second and third (and final) reading with 339 deputies in favour and 102 against, with no abstentions. The document was put together by the speaker of the Duma, Sergei Naryshkin, along with three leaders of major Duma parties, Vladimir Vasilyev (United Russia), Vladimir Zhirinovsky (Liberal Democratic Party), and Sergei Mironov (A Just Russia). The initiative to transfer the date of elections had not been supported by the deputies of the Communist Party, who called it an unconstitutional decision. Earlier, a similar opinion had been expressed by the leader of the Communist Party, Gennady Zyuganov. The September elections were not satisfactory to the Communists in part because the debate fell in August, "when one will be in the garden, the latter on the beach, others with their children" said Zyuganov. The Russian government supported the bill.

On 17 June 2016, President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the appointment of the State Duma elections on 18 September 2016.[8] From that day parties had the right to start the nomination process for deputies to hold congresses and transmit documents of candidates to the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation (CEC) for registration.[9]

For the first time since the controversial and unilateral 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea (from Ukraine), Crimean voters could vote in a Russian general election.[2] Ukraine strongly condemned the vote.[10] Various countries (among them the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and France) did not recognize the legitimacy of the election in Crimea.[11][12][13] According to Russia correspondent for Al Jazeera English Rory Challands reporting on election day, "despite many Crimeans voting in Russian elections for 1st time, there's little excitement. Main sentiments so far are apathy and cynicism."[14] Scuffles between police and Ukrainian nationalists were reported near polling stations for Russian citizens in the Ukrainian cities of Kyiv and Odesa.[2][15]

In Syria, 4,751 Russian citizens (most of them taking part in the Russian military intervention in Syria) voted.[16]

Electoral system edit

Single-member constituency map adopted in 2015.

The State Duma is elected on a single election day for a term of five years, with parallel voting that was used between 1993 and 2003.

Out of 450 seats, 225 are elected by proportional representation from party lists with a 5% electoral threshold, the whole country forming a single constituency. Each political party should adopt a party list which should be divided into a federal part and regional groups. The federal part should have from 1 to 10 candidates, with the rest of the party list candidates comprising the regional groups. There should be at least 35 regional groups. Total number of candidates in a party list should be between 200 and 400.

Seats are allocated using Hare quota and largest remainder method.

The other 225 seats are elected in single-member constituencies using the first-past-the-post system.[17]

Chronology edit

A supporter of United Russia handing out leaflets in the street

On 17 June, President Vladimir Putin set the date of the election as 18 September 2016. On 20 June the Central Election Commission approved the calendar of the election campaign.[18]

  • From 18 June to 13 July – Period for nomination of candidates (parties in the federal list and single-mandate constituencies, self-nominated in single member constituencies).
  • From 4 July to 3 August – Period of registration of federal lists of candidates to the Central Election Commission and of the registration of candidates in single-member constituencies in the district election commissions.
  • 12 August – Draw that decided allocation of parties on the federal-list ballot was held.[19]
  • 16 and 18 August – Draw that decided distribution of free TV time (16 August) and free space for parties or candidates in newspapers (18 August) was held.[20]
  • From 20 August to 16 September – Election campaign.
  • From 3 August to 6 September – Territorial election commissions issue absentee ballots.
  • From 7 to 17 September – Voters can get absentee ballots through election commissions at polling station.
  • 17 September – Day of Election silence.
  • 18 September – Election day.

Conduct edit

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe published its full report of the election on 23 December 2016. It noted many problems with the election, such as the lack of "clear political alternatives [with the main four parliamentary parties, limiting] voters' choice", over-regulation of the registration of political parties, lack of proper conduct during counting of votes, voters not folding their ballots on 70% of occasions and lack of transparency of campaign finance.[21]

Participating parties edit

The Central Election Commission determined that 14 political parties could submit lists of candidates without collecting signatures.[22] Whilst other parties were required to present at least 200,000 signatures (with a maximum of 7,000 signatures per region).[17]

Parties that participated in the election edit

Fourteen parties were registered to participate in the election. These are the same fourteen parties that did not have to collect signatures in order to participate. None of the parties tasked with collecting signatures were registered on the ballot due to various violations or failure to submit documents.

No. on ballotPartyAbb.Party leaderNo. 1 in party listConvention date[23]IdeologyContesting on party list?[24]Contesting on SMC?[24]Notes
1RodinaRodinaAleksey ZhuravlyovAleksey Zhuravlyov2 July 2016National conservatism / Ultranationalism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 8 August[25]
2Communists of RussiaCoRMaxim SuraykinMaxim Suraykin1 July 2016Communism / Marxism–Leninism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 3 August[26]
3Russian Party of Pensioners for JusticeRPPJVladimir BurakovVladimir Burakov9 July 2016Social conservatism✓✘CEC registered the list of candidates on 12 August[27]
4United RussiaURDmitry MedvedevDmitry Medvedev26–27 June 2016Statism / Centrism / National conservatism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 12 August[28]
5Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"GreensAnatoly Panfilov [ru]Oleg Mitvol6 July 2016Environmentalism / Centrism / Green politics✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 29 July[29]
6Civic PlatformCPlRifat ShaykhutdinovRifat Shaykhutdinov2 July 2016Conservatism / Economic Liberalism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 27 July[30]
7Liberal Democratic Party of RussiaLDPRVladimir ZhirinovskyVladimir Zhirinovsky28 June 2016Russian nationalism / Pan-Slavism / Euroscepticism / Anticommunism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 18 July[31]
8People's Freedom PartyPARNASMikhail KasyanovMikhail Kasyanov2 July 2016Conservative liberalism / Liberal democracy / Pro-Europeanism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 3 August[32]
9Party of GrowthPoGBoris TitovBoris Titov4 July 2016Liberal conservatism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 1 August[33]
10Civilian PowerCPoKirill BykaninKirill Bykanin8 July 2016Liberalism / Green politics✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 3 August[34]
11YablokoYablokoEmilia SlabunovaGrigory Yavlinsky1–3 July 2016Social liberalism / Pro-Europeanism / Social democracy✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 5 August[35]
12Communist Party of the Russian FederationCPRFGennady ZyuganovGennady Zyuganov25 June 2016Communism / Left-wing nationalism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 1 August[36]
13Patriots of RussiaPoRGennady SemiginGennady Semigin1 July 2016Democratic socialism / Left-wing nationalism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 27 July[37]
14A Just RussiaJRSergey MironovSergey Mironov27 June 2016Social democracy / Democratic socialism✓✓CEC registered the list of candidates on 22 July[38]

Parties that did not participate in the election edit

PartyAbb.Party leaderNo. 1 in party listConvention date[23]IdeologyNotes
Alliance of Greens and Social DemocratsAGSDAlexander ZakondyrinAlexander Zakondyrin2 July 2016Grassroots democracyBarred from the election because the party leadership did not notify the CEC about holding a pre-election convention[39]
Great Fatherland PartyGFPNikolai StarikovNikolai Starikov28 June 2016Centrism / National conservatismCEC refused to register the list of candidates[28]
Native PartyNPAlexander Samokhin—24 June 2016Party failed to submit the necessary signatures and as such will not be participating in the election[40]
Party of Good DeedsPGDAndrey Kirillov—2 July 2016Party did not submit documents to the CEC[41]
Party of the Parents of FuturePPFMarina Voronova——Party failed to submit the necessary signatures and as such will not be participating in the election[42]
Party of Rural RevivalPRRVasily Vershinin—6 July 2016AgrarianismAnnounced that it would not be taking part in the election.[43] However, nominated several candidates in single-member districts
Party of Social ReformsPSRStanislav Polishchuk—26 June 2016Barred from the election due to critical deficiencies in the documents filed with the CEC[44]
People Against CorruptionPACGrigory Anisimov—22 June 2016Party did not submit documents to the CEC[41]
Revival of Agrarian RussiaRARVasily Krylov—5 July 2016AgrarianismCEC refused to certify the list of candidates[45]
Union of LaborULAlexander ShershukovSvetlana Antropova21 June 2016CEC refused to register the list of candidates[28]
VolyaVolyaSvetlana PeunovaMarina Gerasimova25 June and 2 July 2016Left-wing nationalism / Democratic socialism / NarodniksParty failed to submit the necessary signatures and as such will not be participating in the election[46]

Single-member constituencies edit

In 225 single-member constituencies, candidates could be nominated by a party, or be self-nominated.

Opinion polls edit

This section is an excerpt from Opinion polling for the 2016 Russian legislative election § Graphical summary.[edit]
  United Russia
  CPRF
  LDPR
  A Just Russia

Exit polls edit

DatePoll sourceURCPRFLDPRJRPARNASYablokoCPlRodinaPoRGreensPoG[nb 2]CoRRPPJCPoSpoilt voteLead
18 September 2016WCIOM44.5%14.9%15.3%8.1%1.2%3.5%0.3%2.3%0.8%0.8%1.8%2.6%2%0.2%1.7%29.2% over LDPR
18 September 2016FOM48.4%16.3%14.2%7.6%1%3.2%0.2%1.8%0.6%0.8%1.5%1.5%1.9%0.1%?32.1% over CPRF

Results edit

Seat composition before election: JR – 64, CPRF – 92, UR – 238, LDPR – 56

United Russia won a supermajority of seats, allowing them to change the Constitution without the votes of other parties. Turnout was reported as low. Throughout the day there were reports of voting fraud including video purporting to show officials stuffing ballot boxes.[47] Additionally, results in many regions demonstrate that United Russia on many poll stations got anomalously close results, such as 62.2% in more than hundred poll stations in Saratov Oblast, suggesting that the results in these regions likely have been rigged.[48] The government said there was no evidence of any large scale cheating.[49] On 22 September, the Central Electoral Committee canceled the results in seven constituencies, where the number of used ballots exceeded the number of registered voters, or where the authorities were videotaped stuffing the ballots.[50] According to research by University of Michigan political scientists Kirill Kalinin and Walter R. Mebane Jr., the election results are fraudulent.[51]

PartyParty-listConstituencyTotal
seats		+/–
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
United Russia28,527,82855.2314025,162,77050.12203343+105
Communist Party7,019,75213.59356,492,14512.93742−50
Liberal Democratic Party6,917,06313.39345,064,79410.09539−17
A Just Russia3,275,0536.34165,017,64510.00723−41
Communists of Russia1,192,5952.3101,847,8243.6800New
Yabloko1,051,3352.0401,323,7932.64000
Russian Party of Pensioners for Justice910,8481.7600New
Rodina792,2261.5301,241,6422.4711New
Party of Growth679,0301.3101,171,2592.33000
The Greens399,4290.770770,0761.5300New
People's Freedom Party384,6750.740530,8621.0600New
Patriots of Russia310,0150.600704,1971.40000
Civic Platform115,4330.220364,1000.7311New
Civilian Power73,9710.14079,9220.1600New
Independents429,0510.8511+1
Total51,649,253100.0022550,200,080100.002254500
Valid votes51,649,25398.1350,200,08096.60
Invalid/blank votes982,5961.871,767,7253.40
Total votes52,631,849100.0051,967,805100.00
Registered voters/turnout110,061,20047.82109,636,79447.40
Source: Central Election Commission

By region edit

The breakdown of the party-list results by region is as follows:[52]

RegionJRCPlCPoCPRFCoRLDPRPoGPoRPARNASRodinaRPPJGreensURYablokoTurnoutInvalid ballots
 Adygea4.83%0.13%0.10%13.37%2.23%12.66%0.69%0.24%0.33%1.13%1.35%0.65%59.45%0.89%53.9%
 Altai Krai13.78%0.15%0.15%17.25%3.66%19.82%0.84%0.30%0.60%1.15%1.76%0.71%35.19%2.03%40.7%
 Altai4.10%0.11%0.14%18.89%2.69%12.73%0.52%0.69%0.94%5.66%1.36%0.55%48.81%0.81%45.1%
 Amur Oblast4.15%0.19%0.17%16.62%2.49%29.02%0.63%0.52%0.45%1.28%2.54%0.72%37.91%0.91%42.4%
 Arkhangelsk Oblast9.17%0.17%0.13%12.78%1.97%19.73%1.21%0.45%0.83%1.62%2.99%0.86%44.48%2%36.5%
 Astrakhan Oblast17.56%0.19%0.17%14.18%3.31%13.13%0.89%0.38%0.73%1.10%1.57%0.64%42.22%0.99%36.9%
 Baikonur2.42%0.16%0.14%11.98%1.65%29.73%0.79%0.59%0.70%1.94%2.70%0.99%42.64%1.03%43.1%
 Bashkortostan6.88%0.30%0.14%18.62%1.84%11.29%0.36%0.39%0.21%0.69%0.99%0.51%56.37%0.52%69.7%
 Belgorod Oblast7.01%0.20%0.12%14.93%1.94%13.73%0.67%0.29%0.44%1.20%1.73%0.68%54.73%0.78%62.1%
 Bryansk Oblast3.48%0.19%0.10%13.29%1.83%10.80%0.54%0.32%0.38%1.43%1.26%0.44%63.91%0.76%55.1%
 Buryatia6.55%0.82%0.14%20.59%2.87%13.54%3.90%0.40%0.52%0.83%2.19%0.57%43.34%1.17%40.5%
 Chechnya1.12%0.02%0.07%0.02%0.96%0.01%0.16%0.36%0.01%0.26%0.11%0.53%96.29%0.03%94.9%
 Chelyabinsk Oblast17.48%0.2%0.15%12.02%2.43%16.73%1.23%0.48%0.94%1.80%2.34%1.07%38.19%2.14%44.4%
 Chukotka3.13%0.19%0.13%7.76%1.62%17.34%0.70%0.48%0.39%1.21%2.17%0.81%58.8%0.80%64.5%
 Chuvashia10.69%0.31%0.18%13.42%1.94%11.72%0.77%0.60%0.63%1.02%2.78%1.01%50.92%1.01%59.3%
 Crimea[nb 3]2.06%0.20%0.09%5.60%1.26%11.14%0.41%0.26%0.54%1.39%1.07%0.69%72.80%0.68%49.1%
 Dagestan2.20%0.07%0.08%5.35%0.37%0.52%0.47%0.53%0.07%0.32%0.25%0.17%88.90%0.15%88.1%
 Ingushetia9.57%0.22%0.54%5.65%0.20%1.65%2.14%2.20%0.06%3.85%0.11%0.88%72.41%0.20%81.4%
 Irkutsk Oblast5.19%0.30%0.13%24.08%3.09%17.01%1.25%0.87%0.48%1.46%1.95%0.89%39.77%1.43%34.6%
 Ivanovo Oblast7.31%0.23%0.10%18.08%3.07%17.67%1.09%0.55%0.94%1.48%2.53%0.94%42.38%2.02%38.5%
 Jewish Autonomous Oblast2.80%0.16%0.14%17.11%3.31%21.90%0.65%0.43%0.45%0.98%1.94%0.65%45.03%0.93%39.6%
 Kabardino-Balkaria2.09%0.01%0.01%18.90%0.11%0.15%0.24%0.11%0.01%0.06%0.02%0.54%77.71%0.04%90.1%
 Kaliningrad Oblast5.62%0.21%0.14%13.99%2.76%16.60%2.30%3.42%1.04%2.03%2.21%0.81%43.39%2.37%44.0%
 Kalmykia3.18%0.27%0.11%11.69%1.56%4.29%0.58%2.31%0.34%0.50%1.24%0.42%70.61%1.42%57.5%
 Kaluga Oblast6.21%0.17%0.13%15.95%2.40%17.38%1.33%0.60%0.86%1.87%2.41%0.91%45.75%2.21%43.1%
 Kamchatka Krai4.42%0.22%0.17%12.59%2.54%21.31%1.26%0.74%0.54%1.42%2.37%0.98%46.70%1.40%39.5%
 Karachay-Cherkessia1.07%0.10%0.05%7.97%6.59%0.64%0.20%0.65%0.40%0.20%0.11%0.10%81.67%0.40%93.3%
 Karelia10.09%0.30%0.13%13.05%2.56%17.57%1.66%0.90%0.82%1.42%2.32%0.95%37.30%7.80%39.6%
 Kemerovo Oblast4.51%0.10%0.09%7.21%0.60%7.72%0.15%0.49%0.16%0.23%0.35%0.17%77.33%0.44%86.7%
 Khabarovsk Krai4.52%0.23%0.17%16.46%3.31%25.01%1.11%0.42%1.13%1.60%2.99%1.22%37.31%1.85%36.9%
 Khakassia7.17%0.17%0.14%20.90%3.49%19.52%0.86%0.76%0.70%1.32%2.09%1.03%38.06%1.44%39.4%
 Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug5.57%0.22%0.15%9.69%2.15%22.31%1.03%0.59%0.62%2.25%2.17%0.77%47.61%1.13%39.2%
 Kirov Oblast9.46%0.23%0.16%13.58%2.64%24.94%1.40%0.36%0.56%1.43%2.38%0.74%37.96%1.63%41.9%
 Komi8.82%0.25%0.22%12.49%3.67%22.59%1.23%0.69%0.85%1.86%3.51%1.12%37.85%1.76%40.7%
 Kostroma Oblast8.05%0.15%0.10%21.40%3.17%18.85%1.32%0.30%0.81%2.73%2.32%0.74%36.56%1.77%39.4%
 Krasnodar Krai3.69%0.19%0.14%12.63%1.98%13.76%1.21%0.42%0.54%1.55%1.62%0.61%59.30%0.97%51.2%
 Krasnoyarsk Krai4.86%0.26%0.16%14.41%3.06%20.26%1.02%5.13%0.77%1.84%2.20%1.15%40.45%1.57%36.6%
 Kurgan Oblast13.79%0.14%0.11%14.56%3.03%18.83%0.66%0.42%0.51%1.40%1.93%0.60%41.51%0.96%41.8%
 Kursk Oblast4.55%0.21%0.13%12.83%3.55%15.66%0.74%2.61%0.55%1.24%1.62%0.92%51.70%1.28%47.0%
 Leningrad Oblast9.61%0.23%0.14%10.37%2.22%13.30%2.46%0.37%0.95%1.81%2.13%0.90%50.04%2.57%44.1%
 Lipetsk Oblast5.96%0.15%0.11%13.68%1.99%12.33%0.69%0.45%0.51%1.80%2.50%0.49%56.19%1.20%52.6%
 Magadan Oblast7.72%0.35%0.10%14.84%2.74%19.15%1.22%0.48%0.64%1.26%2.51%0.87%44.69%1.08%40.5%
 Mari El4.60%0.21%0.10%27.28%4.11%10.44%0.55%0.24%0.42%0.96%1.23%0.60%46.70%0.86%53.3%
 Mordovia2.49%0.06%0.05%5.16%0.60%5.19%0.18%0.20%0.15%0.29%0.33%0.14%84.36%0.31%83.0%
 Moscow6.54%0.32%0.25%13.90%1.97%13.09%3.55%0.60%2.62%3.52%2.93%1.77%37.76%9.53%35.2%
 Moscow Oblast5.02%0.25%0.17%15.24%2.04%14.89%1.90%0.62%1.19%2.57%2.56%1.34%45.99%3.45%37.9%
 Murmansk Oblast8.72%1.13%0.17%11.13%2.73%19.97%1.38%0.41%1.00%1.79%3.26%1.09%41.98%2.28%39.7%
 Nenets Autonomous Okrug4.41%0.21%0.20%18.45%2.87%21.80%1.02%0.51%0.77%2.22%2.24%1.08%41.11%1.23%44.8%
 Nizhny Novgorod Oblast5.11%0.14%0.12%12.83%2.26%12.36%0.94%0.40%0.68%1.70%1.69%0.52%58.15%1.30%44.4%
 North Ossetia1.86%0.05%0.04%22.18%0.74%1.75%0.17%3.92%0.10%0.98%0.25%0.22%67.09%0.15%85.6%
 Novgorod Oblast12.60%0.25%0.14%15.67%2.58%16.18%1.78%0.42%0.75%1.34%2.33%0.81%40.05%2.81%39.8%
 Novosibirsk Oblast5.61%0.26%0.13%19.55%3.48%19.55%0.96%0.37%1.04%3.13%1.82%0.84%38.26%2.30%34.9%
 Omsk Oblast6.24%0.24%0.16%25.21%4.55%15.61%1.98%0.31%0.74%1.27%1.72%0.64%36.32%1.91%38.7%
 Orenburg Oblast5.39%0.21%0.13%18.38%3.08%22.66%1.02%0.62%0.60%1.04%1.68%0.55%40.85%1.35%41.6%
 Oryol Oblast5.63%0.24%0.12%17.86%3.74%15.33%0.94%0.38%0.64%1.13%1.73%0.75%47.93%1.10%53.5%
 Penza Oblast4.44%0.12%0.08%12.48%2.12%10.02%0.58%0.24%0.47%0.89%1.37%0.47%64.26%1.03%60.6%
 Perm Krai9.02%0.21%0.16%14.24%3.36%15.75%1.74%0.35%0.86%1.45%2.24%0.69%42.65%3.07%35.1%
 Primorsky Krai5.16%0.21%0.17%17.95%3.38%19.66%1.51%0.45%0.86%1.87%3.80%0.82%38.99%1.79%37.3%
 Pskov Oblast7.27%0.19%0.18%17.41%2.59%14.23%1.18%0.71%0.53%1.47%2.17%0.81%45.15%4.14%42.1%
 Rostov Oblast4.34%0.20%0.12%13.60%2.29%12.49%0.82%0.34%0.57%1.53%1.58%0.58%58.79%1.18%48.2%
 Ryazan Oblast5.00%0.18%0.10%13.99%2.58%14.99%0.82%0.30%0.73%1.49%1.85%0.72%54.52%1.34%43.3%
 Saint Petersburg6.90%0.28%0.31%11.31%1.23%11.36%8.52%0.44%2.18%2.62%2.19%1.53%39.71%9.08%32.5%
 Yakutia15.20%0.82%0.16%14.35%3.14%10.70%0.73%0.30%0.49%1.56%2.34%0.82%46.42%1.16%48.1%
 Sakhalin Oblast3.40%0.21%0.14%15.44%3.25%20.03%1.07%0.59%0.72%1.72%3.00%0.90%45.44%1.74%37.1%
 Samara Oblast4.47%0.51%0.16%15.94%2.75%14.27%1.45%0.36%0.91%1.33%1.44%0.86%50.77%1.99%52.8%
 Saratov Oblast4.22%0.14%0.18%10.36%2.06%9.36%0.59%0.53%0.36%1.03%0.76%0.49%68.17%0.89%64.4%
 Sevastopol[nb 4]5.09%0.12%0.07%12.07%1.90%15.36%3.58%0.30%0.56%2.29%0.98%0.78%53.78%0.65%47.0%
 Smolensk Oblast4.35%0.20%0.11%15.82%2.23%19.42%0.86%0.59%0.64%1.38%2.10%0.72%48.13%1.33%40.3%
 Stavropol Krai4.34%0.18%0.15%13.19%2.67%15.52%1.02%0.42%0.52%1.29%1.72%0.85%54.26%0.99%42.0%
 Sverdlovsk Oblast13.20%0.35%0.16%11.88%2.61%16.54%1.47%0.50%0.97%1.57%3.03%1.25%40.53%2.90%41.4%
 Tambov Oblast3.89%0.11%0.09%10.77%1.76%7.76%0.42%0.21%0.39%7.21%0.94%0.38%63.51%0.87%49.2%
 Tatarstan2.26%0.12%0.11%4.07%3.02%2.25%0.23%0.20%0.27%0.41%0.49%0.20%85.27%0.55%78.7%
 Tomsk Oblast7.33%0.20%0.17%12.58%3.52%20.46%1.84%0.50%1.10%1.45%1.91%1.55%40.67%3.71%33.8%
 Tula Oblast4.47%0.17%0.13%14.41%2.61%14.28%0.98%0.32%0.77%1.79%2.60%0.99%53.02%1.76%45.6%
 Tuva4.35%0.10%0.09%4.17%1.15%3.12%0.23%0.24%0.47%0.25%0.94%0.26%82.61%0.93%89.7%
 Tver Oblast9.61%0.17%0.14%15.23%2.18%16.35%1.07%0.41%0.79%1.94%2.26%0.76%45.00%1.92%41.6%
 Tyumen Oblast11.45%0.14%0.11%12.27%0.50%14.12%0.25%0.24%0.20%0.35%0.53%0.23%58.35%0.39%81.1%
 Udmurtia8.91%0.31%0.13%13.93%2.24%12.28%3.18%0.67%0.61%1.15%1.82%0.62%50.52%1.19%44.4%
 Ulyanovsk Oblast3.34%0.21%0.12%19.16%3.24%15.99%1.81%0.46%0.61%1.13%1.89%0.54%48.46%1.23%52.3%
 Vladimir Oblast7.61%0.39%0.15%13.03%3.37%17.96%1.25%0.42%0.84%1.94%3.04%0.99%45.20%1.77%38.4%
 Volgograd Oblast5.61%0.16%0.11%14.94%2.53%16.17%0.88%0.79%0.73%1.27%1.82%0.73%50.64%1.76%42.1%
 Vologda Oblast10.54%0.23%0.15%13.87%2.76%21.40%1.45%0.40%0.97%1.40%4.03%1.00%37.21%2.43%40.8%
 Voronezh Oblast7.07%0.12%0.10%15.59%1.98%9.25%0.70%0.54%0.53%1.48%1.28%0.56%58.67%0.97%53.7%
 Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug4.74%0.28%0.27%6.86%1.15%14.02%0.65%0.46%0.43%0.73%0.90%0.49%67.14%0.67%74.3%
 Yaroslavl Oblast10.27%0.28%0.11%16.04%2.19%17.36%1.43%0.59%1.26%2.50%2.51%1.46%38.43%3.77%37.8%
 Zabaykalsky Krai4.17%0.35%0.16%15.93%3.38%26.40%0.66%0.81%0.50%1.19%2.13%0.78%39.87%0.82%38.9%
Total6.23%0.22%0.14%13.34%2.27%13.14%1.29%0.59%0.73%1.51%1.73%0.76%54.19%1.99%47.8%
  • Turnout (red) and United Russia vote (blue)
  • CPRF (red) vs LDPR (blue), percentage difference based on total number of registered voters

By constituency edit

Main article: Results of the Russian legislative election, 2016 by constituency
RegionTotal
seats		Seats won
URCPRFLDPRJRRodinaCPlInd.
 Adygea10000001
 Altai Krai44000000
 Altai Republic11000000
 Amur Oblast10010000
 Arkhangelsk Oblast22000000
 Astrakhan Oblast11000000
 Bashkortostan65000010
 Belgorod Oblast22000000
 Bryansk Oblast22000000
 Buryatia11000000
 Chechnya11000000
 Chelyabinsk Oblast55000000
 Chukotka11000000
 Chuvashia21001000
 Republic of Crimea33000000
 Dagestan33000000
 Ingushetia11000000
 Irkutsk Oblast43000100
 Ivanovo Oblast22000000
 Jewish Autonomous Oblast11000000
 Kabardino-Balkaria11000000
 Kaliningrad Oblast22000000
 Kalmykia11000000
 Kaluga Oblast22000000
 Kamchatka Krai11000000
 Karachay-Cherkessia11000000
 Karelia11000000
 Kemerovo Oblast44000000
 Khabarovsk Krai21010000
 Khakassia11000000
 Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug22000000
 Kirov Oblast22000000
 Komi Republic11000000
 Kostroma Oblast11000000
 Krasnodar Krai87100000
 Krasnoyarsk Krai44000000
 Kurgan Oblast11000000
 Kursk Oblast22000000
 Leningrad Oblast33000000
 Lipetsk Oblast22000000
 Magadan Oblast11000000
 Mari El10100000
 Mordovia11000000
 Moscow1513101000
 Moscow Oblast1110010000
 Murmansk Oblast11000000
 Nenets Autonomous Okrug11000000
 Nizhny Novgorod Oblast55000000
 North Ossetia–Alania11000000
 Novgorod Oblast11000000
 Novosibirsk Oblast44000000
 Omsk Oblast32100000
 Orenburg Oblast33000000
 Oryol Oblast11000000
 Penza Oblast21001000
 Perm Krai44000000
 Primorsky Krai33000000
 Pskov Oblast11000000
 Rostov Oblast76001000
 Ryazan Oblast22000000
 Saint Petersburg86101000
 Sakha10001000
 Sakhalin Oblast11000000
 Samara Oblast55000000
 Saratov Oblast44000000
 Sevastopol11000000
 Smolensk Oblast22000000
 Stavropol Krai44000000
 Sverdlovsk Oblast77000000
 Tambov Oblast22000000
 Tatarstan66000000
 Tomsk Oblast21010000
 Tula Oblast22000000
 Tuva11000000
 Tver Oblast22000000
 Tyumen Oblast22000000
 Udmurtia22000000
 Ulyanovsk Oblast21100000
 Vladimir Oblast22000000
 Volgograd Oblast44000000
 Vologda Oblast22000000
 Voronezh Oblast43000000
 Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug11000000
 Yaroslavl Oblast21001000
 Zabaykalsky Krai21010000
Party list225140353416000
 Russia450343423923111
Source: Central Election Commission Archived 25 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine

Notes edit

  1. ^ Recognized by most members of the UN as part of Ukraine.[3]
  2. ^ In opinion polls often found under the old name of "Right Cause"
  3. ^ Recognized by most members of the UN as part of Ukraine[53][54][55][56]
  4. ^ Recognized by most members of the UN as part of Ukraine[53]

References edit

  1. ^ "State Duma passes first reading of bill to postpone the elections". Vedomosti. 19 June 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  2. ^ a b c Russia votes in parliamentary election with firm Putin grip, BBC News (18 September 2016)
  3. ^ UKRAINE REPORTS RUSSIAN MILITARY ACTIVITY ON CRIMEA BORDER, Newsweek (8 August 2016)
    Gutterman, Steve (18 March 2014). "Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions". Reuters.com. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
    Ukraine crisis timeline, BBC News
    UN General Assembly adopts resolution affirming Ukraine's territorial integrity Archived 4 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine, China Central Television (28 March 2014)
  4. ^ "Сведения об общей численности избирателей, участников референдума Российской Федерации по состоянию на 1 января 2016 года – Центральная избирательная комиссия Российской Федерации". Cikrf.ru. Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  5. ^ Shaun Walker. "Russia stays loyal to Kremlin in election with record low turnout | World news". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  6. ^ "Vladimir Putin's party wins again". The Economist. 19 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  7. ^ "On 1 July 2015, Constitutional Court of Russia announces ruiling on interpretation of part 1 of article 96 and parts 1, 2, and 4 of article 99 of the Russian Constitution". Constitutional Court of Russia. Archived from the original on 13 December 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  8. ^ "Владимир Путин назначил выборы в Госдуму на 18 сентября". Kommersant.ru. 17 June 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016 – via Kommersant.
  9. ^ "Владимир Путин объявил выборы в Госдуму". Коммерсантъ. Retrieved 18 September 2016 – via Kommersant.
  10. ^ Shaun Walker. "Russia votes in election unlikely to loosen Putin's grip on power | World news". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  11. ^ "U.S. Says Russian Duma Elections in Crimea Are Illegal". Rferl.mobi. 17 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  12. ^ "Париж не признает законность голосования жителей Крыма на выборах в Госдуму". 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  13. ^ "Canada will not recognize elections in Crimea: Canada becomes another country not to recognize the Russian elections in annexed Crimea". Uatoday.tv. 20 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  14. ^ "Twitter". Mobile.twitter.com. 18 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  15. ^ "Protesters at Russian Embassy in Kyiv on Election Day". Rferl.mobi. 18 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  16. ^ "Russland: Zahl der Soldaten in Syrien enthüllt – SPIEGEL ONLINE". Spiegel.de. 23 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  17. ^ a b "Федеральный закон "О выборах депутатов Государственной Думы Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации" от 22.02.2014 N 20-ФЗ (действующая редакция, 2016) / КонсультантПлюс". Consultant.ru. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  18. ^ "Центральная избирательная комиссия Российской Федерации". Cikrf.ru. Archived from the original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  19. ^ "ЦИК РФ ПРОВЕДЕТ ЖЕРЕБЬЕВКУ ПОРЯДКА НАИМЕНОВАНИЙ ПАРТИЙ В БЮЛЛЕТЕНЯХ 12 АВГУСТА". Mskagency.ru. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  20. ^ "Жеребьёвка эфирного времени в СМИ для депутатов пройдёт в ЦИК 16 и 18 августа". Pnp.ru. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  21. ^ Petersen, Jan; et al. (23 December 2016). OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission – Final Report (Report). Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
  22. ^ "Information on political parties allowed to participate in the election of deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation without the collection of voter signatures (in accordance with Article 44 of the Federal Law of 22 February 2014 "On elections of deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation")". Central Election Commission of Russia (cikrf.ru). 28 October 2014. Archived from the original (doc) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
  23. ^ a b "Парад партийных съездов". Ng.ru. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  24. ^ a b "ЦИК заверил списки: 20 партий продолжат участие в думской кампании". Ria.ru. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  25. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал федеральный список "Родины" на выборах в Госдуму". 8 August 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
  26. ^ "ЦИК РФ зарегистрировал федеральный список кандидатов в депутаты Госдумы от "Коммунистов России"" (in Russian). Retrieved 3 August 2016.
  27. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал список Российской партии пенсионеров на выборах". 12 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  28. ^ a b c "ЦИК зарегистрировал список кандидатов из 14 партий в Госдуме". 12 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  29. ^ [1][dead link]
  30. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал федеральный список "Гражданской платформы"". Ria.ru. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  31. ^ "ЦИК РФ зарегистрировал список ЛДПР для участия в выборах в Госдуму". Tass.ru. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  32. ^ "Центризбирком зарегистрировал федеральный список кандидатов в депутаты Госдумы от ПАРНАС" (in Russian). Retrieved 3 August 2016.
  33. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал федеральный список "Партии роста" на выборах в Госдуму". August 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  34. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал федеральный список "Гражданской силы" на выборах". 3 August 2016. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
  35. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал федеральный список "Яблока" на выборах". 5 August 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  36. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал список КПРФ на выборах в Госдуму". ТВ Центр – Официальный сайт телекомпании (in Russian). Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  37. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировала федеральный список "Патриотов России"". Ria.ru. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  38. ^ "ЦИК зарегистрировал список кандидатов "Справедливой России" на выборах в ГД". Ria.ru. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  39. ^ "Памфилова заявила о неправомерности съезда партии "Альянс зеленых"". Gr-sily.ru. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  40. ^ "ЦИК не зарегистрировал на выборах в Госдуму список "Родной партии"". 10 August 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  41. ^ a b "ЦИК: Списки кандидатов в Госдуму сдали 22 партии". Vedomosti.ru. 14 July 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  42. ^ ""Партия родителей будущего" не собрала подписи для выборов в Госдуму". www.tv2.tomsk.ru. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  43. ^ "Непарламентские партии рассказали о сборе подписей для участия в выборах". 2 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  44. ^ "ЦИК отказался заверять списки "Партии социальных реформ" на выборах в ГД". Ria.ru. 16 July 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  45. ^ [2][dead link]
  46. ^ "ЦИК не зарегистрировал список партии "Воли" на выборах". 5 August 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  47. ^ "Reports of voting fraud in Russia poll". Bbc.co.uk. 18 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  48. ^ Zelensky, Mikhail (22 September 2016). "Загадочные 62%. На родине Володина нашлась самая подозрительная цифра выборов". Slon.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  49. ^ "Pro-Putin party wins Russian parliamentary election". Reuters. 18 September 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  50. ^ Sharkov, Damien (22 September 2016). "Russia Cancels Election Results After Ballot Stuffing". The Newsweek. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
  51. ^ "When the Russians fake their election results, they may be giving us the statistical finger". Washington Post. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
  52. ^ "Выборы депутатов Госдумы VII созыва | РИА Новости – события в России и мире: темы дня, фото, видео, инфографика, радио". Ria.ru. 18 September 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  53. ^ a b Sharkov, Damien (8 August 2016). "Ukraine Reports Russian Military Activity on Crimea Border". Europe.newsweek.com. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  54. ^ Gutterman, Steve (18 March 2014). "Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions". Reuters.com. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
  55. ^ "Ukraine crisis: Timeline – BBC News". Bbc.co.uk. 13 November 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  56. ^ "UN General Assembly adopts resolution affirming Ukraine's territorial integrity – CCTV News – CCTV.com English". English.cntv.cn. Archived from the original on 4 March 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2016.

External links edit

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Russian legislative election, 2016.
Retrieved from "https:https://www.how.com.vn/wiki/index.php?lang=en&q=2016_Russian_legislative_election&oldid=1175340427"
🔥 Top keywords: Akademia e Shkencave e RPS te ShqiperiseAlexandria Ocasio-CortezBilderberg GroupCristiano RonaldoDong XiaowanMinecraftOperation GladioPrimal cutRiot FestStrictly Come Dancing (series 7)