Pratélaning anasir kimiah
Pratélan unsur kimia ing ngisor iki disusun dhedhasar nomer atom lan kodhe warna miturut tipe unsur. Saben unsur ditampilaké informasi ngenani jeneng unsur, lambang unsur, golongan lan période, massa atom (utawa isotop kang paling stabil), massa jinis, titik lebur, titik umob lan penemuné.
| Logam alkali | Alkali tanah | Lantanida | Aktinida | Logam transisi |
| Logam | Metaloid | Nonlogam | Halogen | Gas mulia |
| No. atom | Jeneng | Lambang | Periode, Golongan | Massa (g/Mol) | Massa jinis (g/cm³) padha 20°C | Titik lebur (°C) | Titik umob (°C) | Taun panemuan | Penemu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hidrogen | H | 1; 1 | 1,00794(7)2 3 4 | 0,084 g/l | -259,1 | -252,9 | 1766 | Cavendish |
| 2 | Hèliyum | He | 1; 18 | 4,002602(2)2 4 | 0,17 g/l | -272,2 | -268,9 | 1895 | Ramsay dan Cleve |
| 3 | Litiyum | Li | 2; 1 | 6,941(2)2 3 4 5 | 0,53 | 180,5 | 1317 | 1817 | Arfwedson |
| 4 | Bèriliyum | Be | 2; 2 | 9,012182(3) | 1,85 | 1278 | 2970 | 1797 | Vauquelin |
| 5 | Boron | B | 2; 13 | 10,811(7)2 3 4 | 2,46 | 2300 | 2550 | 1808 | Davy dan Gay-Lussac |
| 6 | Karbon | C | 2; 14 | 12,0107(8)2 4 | 3,51 | 3550 | 4827 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 7 | Nitrogen | N | 2; 15 | 14,0067(2)2 4 | 1,17 g/l | -209,9 | -195,8 | 1772 | Rutherford |
| 8 | Oksigèn | O | 2; 16 | 15,9994(3)2 4 | 1,33 g/l | -218,4 | -182,9 | 1774 | Priestly lan Scheele |
| 9 | Fluor | F | 2; 17 | 18,9984032(5) | 1,58 g/l | -219,6 | -188,1 | 1886 | Moissan |
| 10 | Néon | Ne | 2; 18 | 20,1797(6)2 3 | 0,84 g/l | -248,7 | -246,1 | 1898 | Ramsay lan Travers |
| 11 | Natriyum | Na | 3; 1 | 22,98976928(2) | 0,97 | 97,8 | 892 | 1807 | Davy |
| 12 | Magnèsiyum | Mg | 3; 2 | 24,3050(6) | 1,74 | 648,8 | 1107 | 1755 | Black |
| 13 | Alumuniyum | Al | 3; 13 | 26,9815386(8) | 2,70 | 660,5 | 2467 | 1825 | Oersted |
| 14 | Silikon | Si | 3; 14 | 28,0855(3)4 | 2,33 | 1410 | 2355 | 1824 | Berzelius |
| 15 | Fosfor | P | 3; 15 | 30,973762(2) | 1,82 | 44 (P4) | 280 (P4) | 1669 | Brand |
| 16 | Wlirang | S | 3; 16 | 32,065(5)2 4 | 2,06 | 113 | 444,7 | prasajarah | tak diketahui |
| 17 | Klor | Cl | 3; 17 | 35,453(2)2 3 4 | 2,95 g/l | -34,6 | -101 | 1774 | Scheele |
| 18 | Argon | Ar | 3; 18 | 39,948(1)2 4 | 1,66 g/l | -189,4 | -185,9 | 1894 | Ramsay lan Rayleigh |
| 19 | Kaliyum | K | 4; 1 | 39,0983(1) | 0,86 | 63,7 | 774 | 1807 | Davy |
| 20 | Kalsium | Ca | 4; 2 | 40,078(4)2 | 1,54 | 839 | 1487 | 1808 | Davy |
| 21 | Skandiyum | Sc | 4; 3 | 44,955912(6) | 2,99 | 1539 | 2832 | 1879 | Nilson |
| 22 | Titaniyum | Ti | 4; 4 | 47,867(1) | 4,51 | 1660 | 3260 | 1791 | Gregor dan Klaproth |
| 23 | Vanadiyum | V | 4; 5 | 50,9415(1) | 6,09 | 1890 | 3380 | 1801 | del Río |
| 24 | Krom | Cr | 4; 6 | 51,9961(6) | 7,14 | 1857 | 2482 | 1797 | Vauquelin |
| 25 | Mangan | Mn | 4; 7 | 54,938045(5) | 7,44 | 1244 | 2097 | 1774 | Gahn |
| 26 | Wesi | Fe | 4; 8 | 55,845(2) | 7,87 | 1535 | 2750 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 27 | Kobalt | Co | 4; 9 | 58,933195(5) | 8,89 | 1495 | 2870 | 1735 | Brandt |
| 28 | Nikel | Ni | 4; 10 | 58,6934(2) | 8,91 | 1453 | 2732 | 1751 | Cronstedt |
| 29 | Tembaga | Cu | 4; 11 | 63,546(3)4 | 8,92 | 1083,5 | 2595 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 30 | Sèng | Zn | 4; 12 | 65,409(4) | 7,14 | 419,6 | 907 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 31 | Galiyum | Ga | 4; 13 | 69,723(1) | 5,91 | 29,8 | 2403 | 1875 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
| 32 | Germaniyum | Ge | 4; 14 | 72,64(1) | 5,32 | 937,4 | 2830 | 1886 | Winkler |
| 33 | Arsènik | As | 4; 15 | 74,92160(2) | 5,72 | 613 | 613 (subl,) | ca, 1250 | Albertus Magnus |
| 34 | Sèlèniyum | Se | 4; 16 | 78,96(3)4 | 4,82 | 217 | 685 | 1817 | Berzelius |
| 35 | Brom | Br | 4; 17 | 79,904(1) | 3,14 | -7,3 | 58,8 | 1826 | Balard |
| 36 | Kripton | Kr | 4; 18 | 83,798(2)2 3 | 3,48 g/l | -156,6 | -152,3 | 1898 | Ramsay lan Travers |
| 37 | Rubidiyum | Rb | 5; 1 | 85,4678(3)2 | 1,53 | 39 | 688 | 1861 | Bunsen lan Kirchhoff |
| 38 | Stronsiyum | Sr | 5; 2 | 87,62(1)2 4 | 2,63 | 769 | 1384 | 1790 | Crawford |
| 39 | Itrium | Y | 5; 3 | 88,90585(2) | 4,47 | 1523 | 3337 | 1794 | Gadolin |
| 40 | Sirkon | Zr | 5; 4 | 91,224(2)2 | 6,51 | 1852 | 4377 | 1789 | Klaproth |
| 41 | Niobium | Nb | 5; 5 | 92,906 38(2) | 8,58 | 2468 | 4927 | 1801 | Hatchett |
| 42 | Molibdènum | Mo | 5; 6 | 95,94(2)2 | 10,28 | 2617 | 5560 | 1778 | Scheele |
| 43 | Teknesium | Tc | 5; 7 | [98,9063]1 | 11,49 | 2172 | 5030 | 1937 | Perrier lan Segrè |
| 44 | Rutèniyum | Ru | 5; 8 | 101,07(2)2 | 12,45 | 2310 | 3900 | 1844 | Klaus |
| 45 | Rodhiyum | Rh | 5; 9 | 102,90550(2) | 12,41 | 1966 | 3727 | 1803 | Wollaston |
| 46 | Paladhiyum | Pd | 5; 10 | 106,42(1)2 | 12,02 | 1552 | 3140 | 1803 | Wollaston |
| 47 | Pérak | Ag | 5; 11 | 107,8682(2)2 | 10,49 | 961,9 | 2212 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 48 | Kadmium | Cd | 5; 12 | 112,411(8)2 | 8,64 | 321 | 765 | 1817 | Strohmeyer lan Hermann |
| 49 | Indium | In | 5; 13 | 114,818(3) | 7,31 | 156,2 | 2080 | 1863 | Reich lan Richter |
| 50 | Timah | Sn | 5; 14 | 118,710(7)2 | 7,29 | 232 | 2270 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 51 | Antimon | Sb | 5; 15 | 121,760(1)2 | 6,69 | 630,7 | 1750 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 52 | Telurium | Te | 5; 16 | 127,60(3)2 | 6,25 | 449,6 | 990 | 1782 | von Reichenstein |
| 53 | Yodium | I | 5; 17 | 126,90447(3) | 4,94 | 113,5 | 184,4 | 1811 | Courtois |
| 54 | Sénon | Xe | 5; 18 | 131,293(6)2 3 | 4,49 g/l | -111,9 | -107 | 1898 | Ramsay lan Travers |
| 55 | Sésium | Cs | 6; 1 | 132,9054519(2) | 1,90 | 28,4 | 690 | 1860 | Kirchhoff lan Bunsen |
| 56 | Barium | Ba | 6; 2 | 137,327(7) | 3,65 | 725 | 1640 | 1808 | Davy |
| 57 | Lantanum | La | 6 | 138,90547(7)2 | 6,16 | 920 | 3454 | 1839 | Mosander |
| 58 | Serium | Ce | 6 | 140,116(1)2 | 6,77 | 798 | 3257 | 1803 | von Hisinger lan Berzelius |
| 59 | Praseodimium | Pr | 6 | 140,90765(2) | 6,48 | 931 | 3212 | 1895 | von Welsbach |
| 60 | Neodimium | Nd | 6 | 144,242(3)2 | 7,00 | 1010 | 3127 | 1895 | von Welsbach |
| 61 | Prometium | Pm | 6 | [146,9151]1 | 7,22 | 1080 | 2730 | 1945 | Marinsky dan Glendenin |
| 62 | Samarium | Sm | 6 | 150,36(2)2 | 7,54 | 1072 | 1778 | 1879 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
| 63 | Europium | Eu | 6 | 151,964(1)2 | 5,25 | 822 | 1597 | 1901 | Demarçay |
| 64 | Gadolinium | Gd | 6 | 157,25(3)2 | 7,89 | 1311 | 3233 | 1880 | de Marignac |
| 65 | Terbium | Tb | 6 | 158,92535(2) | 8,25 | 1360 | 3041 | 1843 | Mosander |
| 66 | Disprosium | Dy | 6 | 162,500(1)2 | 8,56 | 1409 | 2335 | 1886 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
| 67 | Holmium | Ho | 6 | 164,93032(2) | 8,78 | 1470 | 2720 | 1878 | Soret |
| 68 | Erbium | Er | 6 | 167,259(3)2 | 9,05 | 1522 | 2510 | 1842 | Mosander |
| 69 | Tulium | Tm | 6 | 168,93421(2) | 9,32 | 1545 | 1727 | 1879 | Cleve |
| 70 | Iterbium | Yb | 6 | 173,04(3)2 | 6,97 | 824 | 1193 | 1878 | de Marignac |
| 71 | Lutetium | Lu | 6; 3 | 174,967(1)2 | 9,84 | 1656 | 3315 | 1907 | Urbain |
| 72 | Hafnium | Hf | 6; 4 | 178,49(2) | 13,31 | 2150 | 5400 | 1923 | Coster dan de Hevesy |
| 73 | Tantalum | Ta | 6; 5 | 180,9479(1) | 16,68 | 2996 | 5425 | 1802 | Ekeberg |
| 74 | Wolfram | W | 6; 6 | 183,84(1) | 19,26 | 3407 | 5927 | 1783 | Elhuyar |
| 75 | Renium | Re | 6; 7 | 186,207(1) | 21,03 | 3180 | 5627 | 1925 | Noddack; Tacke lan Berg |
| 76 | Osmium | Os | 6; 8 | 190,23(3)2 | 22,61 | 3045 | 5027 | 1803 | Tennant |
| 77 | Iridium | Ir | 6; 9 | 192,217(3) | 22,65 | 2410 | 4130 | 1803 | Tennant |
| 78 | Platina | Pt | 6; 10 | 195,084(9) | 21,45 | 1772 | 3827 | 1557 | Scaliger |
| 79 | Emas | Au | 6; 11 | 196,966569(4) | 19,32 | 1064,4 | 2940 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 80 | Raksa | Hg | 6; 12 | 200,59(2) | 13,55 | -38,9 | 356,6 | prasajarah | tak diketahui |
| 81 | Talium | Tl | 6; 13 | 204,3833(2) | 11,85 | 303,6 | 1457 | 1861 | Crookes |
| 82 | Timbal | Pb | 6; 14 | 207,2(1)2 4 | 11,34 | 327,5 | 1740 | prasajarah | ora dikawruhi |
| 83 | Bismut | Bi | 6; 15 | 208,98040(1) | 9,80 | 271,4 | 1560 | 1540 | Geoffroy |
| 84 | Polonium | Po | 6; 16 | [208,9824]1 | 9,20 | 254 | 962 | 1898 | Marie and Pierre Curie |
| 85 | Astatin | At | 6; 17 | [209,9871]1 | 302 | 337 | 1940 | Corson dan MacKenzie | |
| 86 | Radon | Rn | 6; 18 | [222,0176]1 | 9,23 g/l | -71 | -61,8 | 1900 | Dorn |
| 87 | Fransium | Fr | 7; 1 | [223,0197]1 | 27 | 677 | 1939 | Perey | |
| 88 | Radium | Ra | 7; 2 | [226,0254]1 | 5,50 | 700 | 1140 | 1898 | Marie dan Pierre Curie |
| 89 | Aktinium | Ac | 7 | [227,0278]1 | 10,07 | 1047 | 3197 | 1899 | Debierne |
| 90 | Torium | Th | 7 | 232,03806(2)1 2 | 11,72 | 1750 | 4787 | 1829 | Berzelius |
| 91 | Protaktinium | Pa | 7 | 231,03588(2)1 | 15,37 | 1554 | 4030 | 1917 | Soddy; Cranston lan Hahn |
| 92 | Uranium | U | 7 | 238,02891(3)1 2 3 | 18,97 | 1132,4 | 3818 | 1789 | Klaproth |
| 93 | Neptunium | Np | 7 | [237,0482]1 | 20,48 | 640 | 3902 | 1940 | McMillan dan Abelson |
| 94 | Plutonium | Pu | 7 | [244,0642]1 | 19,74 | 641 | 3327 | 1940 | Seaborg |
| 95 | Amerisium | Am | 7 | [243,0614]1 | 13,67 | 994 | 2607 | 1944 | Seaborg |
| 96 | Kurium | Cm | 7 | [247,0703]1 | 13,51 | 1340 | 1944 | Seaborg | |
| 97 | Berkelium | Bk | 7 | [247,0703]1 | 13,25 | 986 | 1949 | Seaborg | |
| 98 | Kalifornium | Cf | 7 | [251,0796]1 | 15,1 | 900 | 1950 | Seaborg | |
| 99 | Einsteinium | Es | 7 | [252,0829]1 | 860 | 1952 | Seaborg | ||
| 100 | Fermium | Fm | 7 | [257,0951]1 | 1952 | Seaborg | |||
| 101 | Mendelevium | Md | 7 | [258,0986]1 | 1955 | Seaborg | |||
| 102 | Nobelium | No | 7 | [259,1009]1 | 1958 | Seaborg | |||
| 103 | Lawrensium | Lr | 7; 3 | [260,1053]1 | 1961 | Ghiorso | |||
| 104 | Rutherfordium | Rf | 7; 4 | [261,1087]1 | 1964/69 | Flerov | |||
| 105 | Dubnium | Db | 7; 5 | [262,1138]1 | 1967/70 | Flerov | |||
| 106 | Seaborgium | Sg | 7; 6 | [263,1182]1 | 1974 | Flerov | |||
| 107 | Bohrium | Bh | 7; 7 | [262,1229]1 | 1976 | Oganessian | |||
| 108 | Hassium | Hs | 7; 8 | [265]1 | 1984 | GSI (*) | |||
| 109 | Meitnerium | Mt | 7; 9 | [266]1 | 1982 | GSI | |||
| 110 | Darmstadtium | Ds | 7; 10 | [269]1 | 1994 | GSI | |||
| 111 | Roentgenium | Rg | 7; 11 | [272]1 | 1994 | GSI | |||
| 112 | Kopernisium | Cn | 7; 12 | [285]1 | 1996 | GSI | |||
| 113 | Nihonium | Nh | 7; 13 | [284]1 | 2004 | JINR (*); LLNL (*) | |||
| 114 | Flerovium | Fl | 7; 14 | [289]1 | 1999 | JINR | |||
| 115 | Moskovium | Mc | 7; 15 | [288]1 | 2004 | JINR; LLNL | |||
| 116 | Livermorium | Lv | 7; 16 | [292]1 | 1999 | LBNL (*) | |||
| 117 | Tennessin | Ts | 7; 17 | 1 | ora tinemu | ||||
| 118 | Oganesson | Og | 7; 18 | 1 | ora tinemu |
| Logam alkali | Alkali tanah | Lantanida | Aktinida | Logam transisi |
| Logam | Metaloid | Nonlogam | Halogen | Gas mulia |
Akronim besut
- GSI, Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (Masarakat Penelitian Ion Berat), Wixhausen, Darmstadt, Jerman
- JINR, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Объединённый институт ядерных исследований), Dubna, Oblast Moskwa, Ruslan
- LLNL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Kalifornia, AS
- LBNL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Kalifornia, AS
Cathetan besut
- Cathetan 1: Unsur iki ora duwé inti stabil. Aji sajeroning tandha kurung kothak, upamané [209], nuduhaké nomer massa isotop kanthi wektu urip paling dawa unsur mau. Nanging ana telu unsur (Torium, Protaktinium, lan Uranium) kang duwé ciri-ciri "terrestrial isotopic composition", saéngga kang dituduhaké ya iku massa atomé.
- Cathetan 2: Komposisi isotopik unsur iki duwé variasi sajeroning sawatara spésimèn geologis, lan variasiné mbokmanawa ngluwihi apa kang dituduhaké sajeroning tabel iki.
- Cathetan 3: Komposisi isotopik unsur iki bisa duwé variasi sajeroning materi komersial, kang bisa njalari berat atom nyimpang kanthi signifikan saka aji kang dituduhaké sajeroning tabel iki.
- Cathetan 4: Komposisi isotopik duwé variasi ing materi terrestrial, saéngga berat atom kang luwih persis ora bisa diwènèhaké.
- Cathetan 5: Berat atom Litiyum komersial bisa duwé variasi antara 6,939 lan 6,996—analisis materi kanthi spesifik diperlakaké kanggo nemu aji kang luwih akurat.
Rujukan besut
- Atomic Weights of the Elements 2001, Pure Appl. Chem. 75(8), 1107-1122, 2003. Diakses 30 Juni 2005. Berat atom dengan nomer atom 1-109 diambil dari sumber ini.
- IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights Revised Archived 2008-03-05 at the Wayback Machine. (2005).
- WebElements Periodic Table. Diakses 30 Juni 2005. Berat atom dengan nomer atom 110-116 diambil dari sumber ini.
| Golongan → | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | ||
| Période ↓ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 H | 2 He | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 3 Li | 4 Be | 5 B | 6 C | 7 N | 8 O | 9 F | 10 Ne | ||||||||||||
| 3 | 11 Na | 12 Mg | 13 Al | 14 Si | 15 P | 16 S | 17 Cl | 18 Ar | ||||||||||||
| 4 | 19 K | 20 Ca | 21 Sc | 22 Ti | 23 V | 24 Cr | 25 Mn | 26 Fe | 27 Co | 28 Ni | 29 Cu | 30 Zn | 31 Ga | 32 Ge | 33 As | 34 Se | 35 Br | 36 Kr | ||
| 5 | 37 Rb | 38 Sr | 39 Y | 40 Zr | 41 Nb | 42 Mo | 43 Tc | 44 Ru | 45 Rh | 46 Pd | 47 Ag | 48 Cd | 49 In | 50 Sn | 51 Sb | 52 Te | 53 I | 54 Xe | ||
| 6 | 55 Cs | 56 Ba | * | 71 Lu | 72 Hf | 73 Ta | 74 W | 75 Re | 76 Os | 77 Ir | 78 Pt | 79 Au | 80 Hg | 81 Tl | 82 Pb | 83 Bi | 84 Po | 85 At | 86 Rn | |
| 7 | 87 Fr | 88 Ra | ** | 103 Lr | 104 Rf | 105 Db | 106 Sg | 107 Bh | 108 Hs | 109 Mt | 110 Ds | 111 Rg | 112 Cn | 113 Nh | 114 Fl | 115 Mc | 116 Lv | 117 Ts | 118 Og | |
| * Lantanida | 57 La | 58 Ce | 59 Pr | 60 Nd | 61 Pm | 62 Sm | 63 Eu | 64 Gd | 65 Tb | 66 Dy | 67 Ho | 68 Er | 69 Tm | 70 Yb | ||||||
| ** Aktinida | 89 Ac | 90 Th | 91 Pa | 92 U | 93 Np | 94 Pu | 95 Am | 96 Cm | 97 Bk | 98 Cf | 99 Es | 100 Fm | 101 Md | 102 No | ||||||
| Logam alkali | Alkali tanah | Lantanida | Aktinida | Logam transisi |
| Logam | Metaloid | Nonlogam | Halogen | Gas mulia |
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