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This article was co-authored by Clint Bartley. Clint Bartley is a Herpetology Expert based in Chandler, Indiana. He has over 30 years of experience working with reptiles, and opened Metazotics in 2022, a large reptile breeding facility and specialty store where he oversees a breeding colony of nearly 500 reptiles. Metazotics specializes in reptiles such as colubrids, ball pythons, geckos, tortoises, and more, and serves a national audience with their state-of-the-art online merchandise platform. In particular, Clint is known as an industry leader in Asian rat snake and black rat snake mutations. Clint has successfully reproduced more than 60 species of reptiles in captivity. He was the second person in the United States to produce Archelaphe bella chapaensis (bell rat snakes), and the first person in the U.S. to produce them twice. Metazotics carries a comprehensive line of supplies and habitats, offers all bioactive enclosure needs, and works with local organizations to further their knowledge and understanding of reptiles.
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The majority of snakes are fearful of humans and would rather flee than come into direct contact with people. However, in the event that you startle a snake or it does not flee, you need to be prepared to prevent snake bites. By learning about snakes in your area, wearing protective clothing, and knowing where snakes like to hide you can prevent the majority of snake bites.
Steps
Learn about snakes that are native to the area. Whether you are visiting a new location, or staying in your own backyard, you should familiarize yourself with the snakes native to your area. It is important to learn both the venomous and non-venomous snakes that live near you, and how to distinguish the two. Before you head out on an outdoor adventure in a new area, learn about the snakes that are native there.- Again, while you certainly want to avoid all snake bites, you'll want to understand the differences and urgency levels in treating both kinds of bites, venomous and non-venomous.
- Some snakes, like the coral snake and the king snake, look very similar. While they both reside in similar areas, only the coral snake is venomous. It is important to be able to distinguish between similar looking snakes, especially when one is venomous.[1]
Avoid areas where there is tall grass and brush. Try to stay on trails or clear areas where you can see where you step. If you must go into tall grass or brush, use a long stick to probe the area before stepping into it. Snakes use natural coverage, like tall grass and weeds, to protect themselves from predators, to avoid extreme temperature and to hunt for prey. Trails have fewer hiding spots for snakes, so it is better to stay on clearly marked paths.[2]Advertisement
Resist sticking a hand or foot into a crevasse or hole. Snakes often curl up in dark places like holes in fallen timber or in hidden spots among boulders. Look carefully before you step or place your hand anywhere. This is especially true when rock climbing or exploring in caves. If you come across a crevasse, it’s best to leave it be. If you do need to poke around, use a long stick to prod into the area to make sure it is empty.- Snakes do not dig holes, but they do use holes dug by other animals to hide. So what looks like a hole dug by a chipmunk or mole may really contain a snake.[3]
Remember that snakes can climb trees. Be careful while walking under low hanging branches, or when climbing up a tree as you could easily mistake a snake for a branch. Snakes can slither up trees and can hang down to be head height. It’s best to keep your wits about you at all times, and remember that snakes can be hiding out nearly anywhere.
Dress in protective clothing when you are out in the wilderness. Wear heavy boots and long pants. Never go barefoot or wear sandals in areas where you are unable to clearly see where you’re putting your feet.- When you are walking through grassy areas, you should wear closed toe shoes to prevent bites. Thick materials, like leather, are less likely to be punctured by a snake’s fangs than a thinner material, like canvas.[4]
- Loose fitting long pants are better than tight fitting pants. This way, in the event that you are bitten, there is less of a chance that the snake’s fangs will reach your skin.
Avoid making camp in potential snake habitats. Don't camp near large logs, rocky areas or tall grass. Many snakes are nocturnal so you will want to be especially careful at night. Zip your tent up tightly and sleep on a cot when possible, since you are less likely to be bitten on a raised surface. Use a flashlight to check inside shoes and the floor of the tent before you venture out at night to use the latrine or portable toilet.- Shake out clothing, shoes, and sleeping bags before use to dislodge any hidden snakes.
Be cautious when swimming, wading or fishing in lakes or rivers, especially after heavy rains. Water snakes are venomous and you could be in dire need of help very quickly if bitten.[5] Depending on you area, there may or may not be water snakes. After heavy rains, snakes are more likely to be in water due to flooding in their habitat. Heavy rains also drive snakes into the open since their favorite hiding spots may be flooded.- Avoid swimming in muddy waters, or waters with vegetation since these are favorite hiding areas for water snakes.
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Keep your yard and adjacent property mowed. Trim hedges and clear brush to discourage snakes from taking up residence near your home. Just like in the wilderness, snakes use tall grass and brush to hide. By keeping your grass short, you can lessen the possibility that a snake will be hiding in your yard.
Educate children about snakes. Children must be taught that snakes can be dangerous and that they should be avoided. If you have children in the home, educate them about the different types of snakes that live in your area and the danger that they can pose. Discourage them from ever trying to play with or catch a snake.- Keep your children from playing in areas where snakes could be hiding. Discourage them from going to nearby vacant lots where there is high grass and brush.
Use care when handling stored yard materials. Use an implement when gathering firewood from an outdoor stack or when working with brush or lumber. Wear boots and gloves to protect yourself as well. Snakes like to hide in cool and dark areas for shelter, like firewood stacks and near sheds. Before you reach your hands into these areas, use a long stick to prod around. This will alert any snakes hiding inside that you are present, and they will likely try to escape rather than confront you.- Use extreme care in the summer during drought conditions. Snakes will seek water around your garden hose, swimming pool, or under your air conditioning unit.
Take precautions if you own a snake to avoid being bitten. If you happen to have a pet snake, you will need to be a responsible owner. While it is unlikely that you have a venomous snake as a pet, you still want to avoid being bitten. Use a snake hook to handle your snake rather than using your hands. The majority of bites occur during feeding time, so it is important to be extra cautious during this process.- Choose a docile snake as a pet. Corn snakes and ball pythons have reputations as snakes that are reluctant to bite.
- Don't handle your snake after having touched prey, such as mice, while the scent is still on your hands.
Use extreme caution if you ever have to approach a snake. This is also the case if you think the snake is dead. Recently killed snakes still can move reflexively and even bite. Also a snake may look dead, but simply be lying very still as it suns itself. Never try to handle a snake or handle it. Many experts suggest that you avoid trying to kill the snake as well. If you see a snake that you recognize as poisonous on your property, note the location and call an animal control officer. Keep children and pets out of the area until the officer can come and try to remove the snake, if it is still in the area.- The majority of snakes will try to flee the area and avoid contact if you ever happen upon them or their habitat. If you ever come into contact with a snake, back away slowly and avoid making sudden movements and loud noises. The snake can perceive these as threats and may be more inclined to bite when it feels threatened.
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Expert Q&A
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- QuestionHow to identify copperhead snakes?
Clint BartleyClint Bartley is a Herpetology Expert based in Chandler, Indiana. He has over 30 years of experience working with reptiles, and opened Metazotics in 2022, a large reptile breeding facility and specialty store where he oversees a breeding colony of nearly 500 reptiles. Metazotics specializes in reptiles such as colubrids, ball pythons, geckos, tortoises, and more, and serves a national audience with their state-of-the-art online merchandise platform. In particular, Clint is known as an industry leader in Asian rat snake and black rat snake mutations. Clint has successfully reproduced more than 60 species of reptiles in captivity. He was the second person in the United States to produce Archelaphe bella chapaensis (bell rat snakes), and the first person in the U.S. to produce them twice. Metazotics carries a comprehensive line of supplies and habitats, offers all bioactive enclosure needs, and works with local organizations to further their knowledge and understanding of reptiles.
Herpetology ExpertIdentifying a copperhead snake involves observing variations in coloration, which can differ depending on their geographic location. They may range from a light tan to a vibrant orange hue. Characteristically, copperheads display a distinct Hershey Kiss-like pattern along their sides, resembling two overlapping Hershey Kisses along the spine, with the pattern extending down the sides. While some water snakes exhibit a similar triangular pattern, theirs typically consists of orange or red triangles against a gray background, contrasting with the copperhead's pattern. A key distinguishing feature of copperheads is their thicker, more triangular-shaped heads, which remain consistent in shape even when they are motionless and not facing directly toward an observer. In contrast, water snakes may exhibit this triangular shape only when feeling threatened. Additionally, copperheads tend to be relatively small in size. The most reliable method for identifying a copperhead involves discerning between the Hershey Kiss-like pattern characteristic of copperheads and the triangular pattern seen in some water snakes. - QuestionHow do I know if a snake is venomous?Clint BartleyClint Bartley is a Herpetology Expert based in Chandler, Indiana. He has over 30 years of experience working with reptiles, and opened Metazotics in 2022, a large reptile breeding facility and specialty store where he oversees a breeding colony of nearly 500 reptiles. Metazotics specializes in reptiles such as colubrids, ball pythons, geckos, tortoises, and more, and serves a national audience with their state-of-the-art online merchandise platform. In particular, Clint is known as an industry leader in Asian rat snake and black rat snake mutations. Clint has successfully reproduced more than 60 species of reptiles in captivity. He was the second person in the United States to produce Archelaphe bella chapaensis (bell rat snakes), and the first person in the U.S. to produce them twice. Metazotics carries a comprehensive line of supplies and habitats, offers all bioactive enclosure needs, and works with local organizations to further their knowledge and understanding of reptiles.
Herpetology ExpertIdentifying venomous snakes varies depending on location, as different countries have different species. In the United States, where only a few venomous snakes are found, recognition is relatively straightforward. Several subspecies of rattlesnakes exist, recognizable by their rattles. However, it's important to note that not all snakes producing a rattling noise are rattlesnakes; rat snakes and king snakes may mimic this behavior. Learning the native venomous species—rattlesnakes, copperheads, cottonmouths, and coral snakes—facilitates distinguishing them from non-venomous snakes. Venomous snakes typically have thicker, more triangular-shaped heads, although water snakes and rat snakes can similarly flatten their heads when threatened. While no foolproof method exists, familiarizing oneself with the local venomous snakes significantly aids in identification, with typically only four species to recognize at most.
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Tips
- Snakes tend to be more active during warmer weather and at night. However, there is always a risk that you will encounter a snake.[6]Thanks
- Teach children that snakes are potentially dangerous and that they should leave them alone.Thanks
- Rattlesnakes are known for their distinctive rattling sound. However, rattlesnakes will not always make noise, even when you are right next to them. Always keep an eye out for snakes, even those that you expect will make some sort of noise.Thanks
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Warnings
- Never hike or backpack alone in a remote area. Always have another person with you that can assist in the case of an emergency.Thanks
- If you are ever bitten by a venomous snake, receive medical attention as soon as possible.Thanks
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Expert Interview
Thanks for reading our article! If you’d like to learn more about snakes, check out our in-depth interview with Clint Bartley.
References
- ↑ http://www.snake-removal.com/corallookalike.html
- ↑ http://www.artofmanliness.com/2008/07/15/complete-guide-to-snakes-part-2/
- ↑ http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/resource/frequently-asked-questions
- ↑ https://www.outsideonline.com/1775816/what-material-will-protect-me-snakebites
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/snakebite.html
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/snakes/recommendations.html
About This Article
Herpetology Expert
This article was co-authored by Clint Bartley. Clint Bartley is a Herpetology Expert based in Chandler, Indiana. He has over 30 years of experience working with reptiles, and opened Metazotics in 2022, a large reptile breeding facility and specialty store where he oversees a breeding colony of nearly 500 reptiles. Metazotics specializes in reptiles such as colubrids, ball pythons, geckos, tortoises, and more, and serves a national audience with their state-of-the-art online merchandise platform. In particular, Clint is known as an industry leader in Asian rat snake and black rat snake mutations. Clint has successfully reproduced more than 60 species of reptiles in captivity. He was the second person in the United States to produce Archelaphe bella chapaensis (bell rat snakes), and the first person in the U.S. to produce them twice. Metazotics carries a comprehensive line of supplies and habitats, offers all bioactive enclosure needs, and works with local organizations to further their knowledge and understanding of reptiles. This article has been viewed 126,418 times.
Co-authors: 16
Updated: March 21, 2024
Views: 126,418
Categories: Bites and Stings
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 126,418 times.
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